Pre Practical Lecture

Question 1

What lies along the Transpyloric plane?

Answer 1

Pylorus of stomach

Neck of pancreas

2nd part of duodenum

Duodenojejunal flexure

Hilus of kidney

Origin of portal vein

Start of Superior mesenteric artery

Termination of the spinal cord

Question 2

The transpyloric plane is a what level?

Answer 2

L1 vertebra

Question 3

What are the anterior relations of the right kidney?

Answer 3

Suprarenal gland
Duodenum
Liver
Colon
Jejunum

Question 4

What are the anterior relations of the left kidney?

Answer 4

Spleen
Stomach
Pancreas
Left colonic flexure
Area for small bowel

Question 5

What are the posterior relations of the kidneys?

Answer 5

Diaphragm
Psoas major
Quadratus Lumborum

Question 6

Give two embryological anomalies in relation to the kidney

Answer 6

Horseshoe kidney

Duplicated ureter

Question 7

What is horseshoe kidney?

Answer 7

Inferior pole fused.

Isthmus made up of fibrous tissue/ functioning parenchyma

Can have abnormal position, abnormal insertion of ureter

More prone to hydrenephrosis, infection, stone formation, tumours

Question 8

What is duplicated ureter?

Answer 8

Formed due to duplication of ureteric bud from the medonephric duct.

Can be entirely asymptomatic

Can result in vesicouretic reflux and UTI

Question 9

What are the sites of constriction for the ureter?

Answer 9

Origin

Pelvic brim

Vesico ureteric junction