Pre-Placement Flashcards
What is covered in rheumatology?
Joints, soft tissue and blood vessel inflammation
What features make an inflammatory condition more likely?
- Morning stiffness >30mins
- Systemic symptoms e.g. WL, fatigue, aches
- Night pain causes issues
What features make a non-inflammatory condition more likely?
- Pain becomes better at night
- Morning stiffness <30mins
- Chronic in nature
- Pain worse over the course of the day
What features do we look for on X-Ray of a joint that signifies osteoarthritis?
L- loss of joint space
O - Osteophytes
S - subchondral cysts
S - Subchondral sclerosis
When faced with a swollen joint, what is the most appropriate test to conduct?
Joint aspiration
What are the common antibodies that may be positive in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
Anti-CCP
Rheumatoid factor
What are the common antibodies that may be helpful in patients with connective tissue disease?
ANA
Anti-dsDNA
What are the common antibodies that may be positive in patients with small/medium vessel vasculitis?
ANCA
What medications may be used in patients with inflammatory conditions?
- Analgesia ; paracetamol
- Anti-inflammatories; NSAIDs
- Immunosupression; DMARDS (steroids, steroid-sparing agents, biological therapy)
Define the following term; synarthrosis
Immoveable joint
Define the following term; amphiarthrosis
Slightly moveable joint
Define the following term; diarthrosis
Freely moveable joint
Describe the following type of synovial joint and give an example; hinge
Permits movement in one plane (usually flexion and extension)
Elbow, Ankle, Knee
Describe the following type of synovial joint and give an example; Saddle
Opposing articular surfaces with concave-convex shape that fits together
Carpometacarpal joints
Describe the following type of synovial joint and give an example; Plane
Flat articular surfaces that allow a gliding movement
Acromioclavicular joint, subtalar joint
