Pre-operative Evaluation

Question 1

What is the average time for gastric emptying of the stomach?

Answer 1

90 minutes in 75% of individuals

Question 2

Smokers with greater than ____ pack year history have an increased risk of peri- and post-operative pulmonary complications

Answer 2

20

Question 3

Patients that stop smoking ____ months prior to surgery reduce their complications significantly

Answer 3

2

Question 4

How many months after smoking cessation to the rates of complications resemble non-smokers?

Answer 4

6 months

Question 5

What is the dominant pathogen causing bacterial endocarditis?

Answer 5

Staph aureus

Question 6

What two factors must exist for infectious bacterial endocarditis to occur?

Answer 6

Endothelial injury or defect AND bacteremia

Question 7

All patients with clinical signs of heart failure and a murmur require?

Answer 7

Echocardiography

Question 8

Describe the murmur of aortic stenosis

Answer 8

Typically a mid-systolic ejection murmur

Question 9

ASC is an acronym used to remember the cascade of symptoms related to aortic stenosis. What does it stand for?

Answer 9

Angina, Syncope, and Congestive Heart Failure

Question 10

what are symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Answer 10

tremors, sweating, nausea and vomiting

Question 11

Choledocholithiasis is the presence of gallstones in the ______ ______ ______.

Answer 11

common bile duct

Question 12

What is an important physical finding that significant for biliary obstruction?

Answer 12

Jaundice of the skin or eyes

Question 13

Pain associated with irritation of the viscera secondary to the cholecystitis and gallstones

Answer 13

Biliary colic

Question 14

Most perirectal abscesses originate from?

Answer 14

an infected anal gland

Question 15

What is the hallmark of treatment for a peri-anal abscess?

Answer 15

Incision and drainage