Pre-op

Question 0

Neutrophils

Answer 0

2nd line of defense

Fight infection

Question 1

WBC

Answer 1

Total white blood count.
Fight infection.
-4,000-10,000 (4-10 on lab print out)
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils

Question 2

Lymphocytes

Answer 2

1st line of defense.
Fight infection.
^neutrophils + low lymp = late stage if infection.

Question 3

Eosinophils

Answer 3

Relate to allergies

Question 4

RBC

Answer 4

Red blood cell
Contain hemoglobin for transport and exchange of oxygen
Male: 4.7-6.1
Female: 4.2-5.4

Question 5

Hemoglobin

Answer 5

Male: 14-18
Female: 12-16

Question 6

Hematocrit

Answer 6

Percentage of total blood volume made up by RBCs
Male: 42-52%
Female: 37-47%

Question 7

Platelets

Answer 7

Essential to blood clotting

150,000-400,000

Question 8

Sodium

Answer 8

Major determinant of extracellular osmolality
Normal: 136-145
Balance between dietary intake and renal excretion
Many other factors also regulate Na in body.
Helps determine how much fluid our body holds onto and how much is excreted

Question 9

Potassium

Answer 9

Major cation within cells
Normal: 3.5-5
Excreted by the kidneys
Minor changes have significant consequences…high risk for muscle spasms or heart arrhythmias
K and Na balance each other and control fluid balance in the kidneys

Question 10

Carbon dioxide

Answer 10

Normal: 23-30 mEq

Assists in evaluating pH status of pt and other electrolytes

Question 11

Chloride

Answer 11

Normal: 98-106 mEq
Gives indication of acid- base balance
Maintain electrical neutrality with Na

Question 12

Calcium

Answer 12

Normal: 7.6-10.4 mg/dl

Evaluates parathyroid function, calcium metabolism, monitor renal pts, other uses

Question 13

BUN

Answer 13

Blood, urea, nitrogen
Normal: 10-20
Monitors kidney function

Question 14

Creatine

Answer 14

Normal: .5-1.1

Monitors kidney function

Question 15

Urinalysis

Answer 15

UTI, renal function, diabetes

Question 16

Type & cross match

Answer 16

If any risk for blood loss

For matching blood types if extra blood is needed during a surgery with high risk of blood loss

Question 17

ABGs

Answer 17

Arterial blood gases

Arterial blood caries oxygen going away from the heart

Question 18

PTT

Answer 18

Prothrombin time

Clotting factor

Question 19

Albumin/protein

Answer 19

Important for osmotic pressure within the vascular space

Measures nutrition

Question 20

ALT

Answer 20

Alanine aminotransferase
Normal: 4-36
Monitors liver function
^ alt when in early stages of cirrhosis and liver damage etc

Question 21

Benzodiazepines

Answer 21

Reduces anxiety
Induces sedation
Induces amnesia

Question 22

Narcotics

Answer 22

Relieves discomfort during preop procedures

Question 23

H2- receptors blockers or proton pump inhibitors

Answer 23

Increases gastric pH

Decreases gastric volume

Question 24

Antacids

Answer 24

Increases gastric pH

Question 25

Antiemetics

Answer 25

Increases gastric emptying | Decreases N/V

Question 26

Anticholinergics

Answer 26

Decreases oral and respiratory secretions. | Prevents bradycardia