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223 Med Term > Pre-Midterm > Flashcards

Pre-Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Connective tissue that covers the surface of the eyeball and reflects back upon itself to form the inner layer of the eyelid. It adheres to the sclera where it meets the cornea.

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2
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by bacteria, allergy, irritation, or a foreign body. also called pink eye.

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3
Q

Lacrimal duct

A

It’s a duct that carries tears from the lacrimal sac of the eyes into the nasal cavities. It begins in the eye socket between the maxillary and lacrimal bones and then it passes downwards and backwards. It’s also above the upper eyelids.

Dacry means tear or lacrimal duct so the word dacryorrhea means discharge or flow from the lacrimal duct

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4
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Worsening of the macula (central area of the retina), resulting in loss of central vision and most commonly causes visual impairment in people older than 50.

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5
Q

Blepharitis

A

Inflammation of the eyelids

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6
Q

Glaucoma

A

Eye disease in which increased eyeball pressure causes gradual loss of sight

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7
Q

Intraocular

A

Pressure inside the eyes, this is used to screen glaucoma and can be measured by tonometry

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8
Q

Miotic

A

A pharmacological substance that causes constriction of the pupil of the eye

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9
Q

Mydriatics

A

Causes the pupil to dilate and prepare the eye for an internal examination (opposite from miotics)

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10
Q

Cataract

A

Opacity of the lens of the eyes, usually occurring as a result if aging, trauma, metabolic disease, or the adverse effect of certain medications or chemicals.

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11
Q

Ocular

A

Pertaining to the eye or sense of sight

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12
Q

Photophobia

A

Unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light that occurs in disorders such as meningitis, eye inflammation, measles, and rubella.

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13
Q

Retinitis

A

Genetic disorder that involves the breakdown and loss of retina cells. It’s also an inflammation of the retina in the eye which permanently damages the retina and causes blindness

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14
Q

Retinopathy

A

A disease that has damaged the retina. For example, diabetic retinopathy, is retina, damage in diabetic patients which is marked by aneurysmal dilation and bleeding of blood vessels or the formation of new blood vessels causing changes in vision

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15
Q

Hordeolum

A

Small, purulent, inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland (exocrine gland that secretes an oily and waxy matter called sebum) of the eyelid also called sty. A sty may look like a boil or a pimple on the upper or lower eyelid. They are usually filled with pus

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16
Q

Auditory

A

pertaining to hearing

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17
Q

Meniere disease

A

Rare disorder characterized by progressive deafness, vertigo, and tinnitus, possibly secondary to swelling of membranous structures within the labyrinth

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18
Q

Myringoplasty

A

Surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft to correct hear- ing loss; also called tympanoplasty

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19
Q

Otic

A

of, relating to, or located in the region of the ear

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20
Q

Otitis media

A

Inflammation of the middle ear, commonly the result of an upper respi- ratory infection (URI) with symptoms of otodynia; may be treated with myringotomy or tympanostomy tubes

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21
Q

Cerumen

A

ear wax

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22
Q

Otorrhea

A

ear discharge

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23
Q

Tinnitus

A

Ringing or tinkling noise heard constantly or intermittently in one or both ears, even in a quiet environment, that usually results from damage to inner ear structures associated with hearing

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24
Q

Tympanostomy tube

A

also known as ear tubes or pressure-equalizing (PE) tubes, are plastic cylinders surgically inserted into the eardrum to drain fluid and equalize pressure between the middle and outer ear.

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25
Q

Anacusis

A

Total deafness (complete hearing loss)

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26
Q

Vertigo

A

Sensation of moving around in space or a feeling of spinning or dizziness that usually results from inner ear structure damage associated with balance and equilibrium

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27
Q

Tympanitis

A

inflamed tympanic membrane

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28
Q

Presbycusis

A

Hearing loss that gradually occurs in most individuals as they grow older

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29
Q

Otoscopy

A

Visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope

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30
Q

Eustachian tube

A

a bony and cartilaginous tube connecting the middle ear with the nasopharynx and equalizing air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane. — called also auditory tube.

31
Q

melanoma

A

form of skin cancer that begins in the cells (melanocytes) that control the pigment in your skin.

32
Q

hidrosis

A

sweating

33
Q

epidermis

A

thin, outer layer of the skin that is visible to the eye and works to provide protection to the body. It does not contain any blood vessels and is, therefore, dependent on the dermis, the layer of the skin underneath it, to provide access to nutrients and dispose of waste.

34
Q

comedo

A

clogged hair follicle (pore) in the skin. Keratin (skin debris) combines with oil to block the follicle. A comedo can be open (blackhead) or closed by skin (whitehead) and occur with or without acne.

35
Q

erythema

A

redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries.

36
Q

sebum

A

oily, waxy substance produced by your body’s sebaceous glands

37
Q

xerosis

A

dry skin

38
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish cast to the skin and mucous membranes. Peripheral cyanosis is when there is a bluish discoloration to your hands or feet. It’s usually caused by low oxygen levels in the red blood cells or problems getting oxygenated blood to your body.

39
Q

seborrhea

A

common skin problem. It causes a red, itchy rash and white scales. When it affects the scalp, it is called “dandruff.” It can be on parts of the face as well, including the folds around the nose and behind the ears, the forehead, and the eyebrows and eyelids.

40
Q

subcutaneous

A

situated or applied under the skin.

41
Q

debridement

A

procedure for treating a wound in the skin. It involves thoroughly cleaning the wound and removing all hyperkeratotic (thickened skin or callus), infected, and nonviable (necrotic or dead) tissue, foreign debris, and residual material from dressings.

42
Q

keratosis

A

growth of keratin on the skin or on mucous membranes stemming from keratinocytes, the prominent cell type in the epidermis.

43
Q

lesion

A

region in an organ or tissue which has suffered damage through injury or disease.

44
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder. most cases, the cause of cystitis is a urinary tract infection (UTI). A UTI happens when bacteria enter the bladder or urethra and begin to multiply

45
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

caluli in kidneys—> kidney stones

46
Q

enuresis

A

repeated inability to control urination. Use of the term is usually limited to describing people old enough to be expected to exercise such control. Involuntary urination is also known as urinary incontinence. (doesn’t apply to babies)

47
Q

cystoscopy

A

procedure that allows your doctor to examine the lining of your bladder and the tube that carries urine out of your body (urethra).

48
Q

dialysis

A

Dialysis is a treatment that filters and purifies the blood using a machine. This helps keep your fluids and electrolytes in balance when the kidneys can’t do their job.

49
Q

diuresis

A

increased or excessive production of urine.

50
Q

hydronephrosis

A

swelling of a kidney due to a build-up of urine. It happens when urine cannot drain out from the kidney to the bladder from a blockage or obstruction. Hydronephrosis can occur in one or both kidneys.

51
Q

nephropathy

A

serious kidney-related complication of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. It is also called diabetic kidney disease.

deterioration of kidney function. The final stage of nephropathy is called kidney failure, end-stage renal disease,

52
Q

dysuria

A

painful or difficult urination.

53
Q

pyelonephritis

A

kidney infection. type of UTL that begins in your urethra or bladder and travels to one or both of your kidneys

54
Q

anuria

A

failure of the kidneys to produce urine.

55
Q

ESRD

A

End stage renal disease (kidney failure)

56
Q

UTI

A

Urinary tract infection

57
Q

polyuria

A

Polyuria is urine output of > 3 L/day… Frequent passages of LARGE volumes of urine.

58
Q

urinalysis

A

urinalysis is a test of your urine. A urinalysis is used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders

59
Q

antigen

A

molecule or molecular structure, such as may be present on the outside of a pathogen,

60
Q

cervical lymph nodes

A

Cervical lymph nodes are the lymph nodes in the neck region

61
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

62
Q

immunodeficiency

A

Immunodeficiency disorders disrupt your body’s ability to defend itself against bacteria, viruses, and parasites.

63
Q

anaphylaxis

A

severe allergic reaction to venom, food, or medication. causes a series of symptoms, including a rash, low pulse, and shock, which is known as anaphylactic shock.

64
Q

thrombolytics

A

Thrombolytic therapy is the use of drugs to break up or dissolve blood clots

65
Q

interstitial fluid

A

The main component of the extracellular fluid (ECF) is the interstitial fluid, or tissue fluid, which surrounds the cells in the body.

66
Q

hemostasis

A

natural process in which blood flow slows and a clot forms to prevent blood loss during an injury, with hemo- meaning blood, and stasis meaning stopping. During hemostasis, blood changes from a fluid liquid to a gelatinous state.

67
Q

anemia

A

condition in which you lack enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body’s tissues. Having anemia can make you feel tired and weak.

68
Q

lymphocyte

A

white blood cells that are also one of the body’s main types of immune cells. They are made in the bone marrow . T cells, B cells

69
Q

lymphadenitis

A

enlargement in one or more lymph nodes, usually due to infection. Lymph nodes are filled with white blood cells that help your body fight infections. When lymph nodes become infected, it’s usually because an infection started somewhere else in your body.

70
Q

aplastic

A

anemia is a condition that occurs when your body stops producing enough new blood cells.

condition leaves you fatigued and more prone to infections and uncontrolled bleeding.

71
Q

tonsils

A

The tonsils (palatine tonsils) are a pair of soft tissue masses located at the rear of the throat (pharynx)

72
Q

lymphedema

A

swelling that generally occurs in one of your arms or legs. Sometimes both arms or both legs swell. Lymphedema is most commonly caused by the removal of or damage to your lymph nodes as a part of cancer treatment.

73
Q

pernicious

A

having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.

223 Med Term (1 decks)

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