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a&p > pre lab 3 > Flashcards

pre lab 3 Flashcards

1
Q

plasma membrane of a cell is selectively permeable or…

A

semipermeable

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2
Q

plasma membrane

A

allows some substances to pass through
prevents the passage of other substnaces

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3
Q

concentration gradient

A

determines the direction of the net movement of a molecule or ion across the membrane when membrane is permeable to a given molecule of ion

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4
Q

osmosis

A

diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane

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5
Q

water diffuses from areas of _____ concentration to areas of _____ concentration down its ___________

A

higher,
lower,
concentration gradient

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6
Q

in lab we will use _______ as a semipermeable membrane to investigate osmosis

A

dialysis tubing

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7
Q

place _____ in a variety of solutions and observe the osmotic effects in RBCs

A

erythrocytes

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8
Q

RBCs

A

red blood cells

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9
Q

if the plasma membrane is not permeable to the solute,

A

only water will move in or out of the cells through the plasma membrane and transmembrane proteins like aquaporins

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10
Q

hypertonic solution

A

solution with lower water concentration because it has more solutes that the interior of the cells

cells in it will lose water and crenate (shrivel)

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11
Q

hypotonic solution

A

a solution with a higher water concentration because it has fewer solutes than the cells

cells in it will gain water, swell and may lyse (burst)

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12
Q

lysis with RBCs is called

A

hemolysis

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13
Q

isotonic solution

A

a solution with the same concentration of solutes inside and outside of the cell

cells in it would have no net movement of water

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14
Q

molecular mass

A

a factor that determines the permeability of solutes through a semipermeable membrane

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15
Q

if solute is large, it _____ diffuse through the membrane easily or at all

A

does not

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16
Q

polarity

A

another factor that affects solute permeability

solutes that are polar and therefore hydrophilic do not pass through the plasma membrane (that consists of lipids bilateral with a hydrophobic interior of fatty acids) easily.

17
Q

homeostasis

A

interval environment regulation

18
Q

diffusion

A

movement down a concentration gradient
can happen in liquids and gasses
greater the gradient the faster the diffusion
speed is directionally proportional to temperature
speed is inversely proportional to molecular weight

19
Q

osmosis

A

diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

20
Q

membranes are made up of _____ components

A

several

21
Q

lipid bilayer of cell membrane are made up of…

A

hydrophilic phosphate heads (oriented to exterior)
hydrophobic fatty acid tails (oriented to interior)

22
Q

lipid bilayer of cell membrane keeps out most…

A

polar molecules
charged molecules
anions cross easier than cations

23
Q

semipermeable membrane allows…

A

certain molecules or ions to pass through by diffusion

rate is dependent upon
pressure
concentration
temperature
membrane permeability to the molecule
size and charge

24
Q

tonicity

A

measure of the effective osmotic pressure gradient

25
Q

hypotonic solution tonicity means

A

more molecules inside the cell than outside

26
Q

isotonic solution tonicity

A

no molecules in or out

27
Q

hypertonic solution

A

more molecules outside than inside the cell

28
Q

experiment 1

A

osmosis across a semipermeable membrane
observing the movement of water across the membrane in response to sugar (which cannot pass through the membrane because it is too large)
it’s time consuming
dry the bag for each subsequent weight measurement

29
Q

experiment 2

A

RBC membrane permeability and osmosis
place sheep’s blood into three different solutions to look at tonicity
wear gloves obvi
you’re looking at the passage of water in and out of the rbc since NA and Cl cannot cross the membrane due to their charge

30
Q

effect of molecular polaris on rbc membrane permeability

A

look at polaris of molecules effect on permeability across the rbc membrane

31
Q

effect if molecular size on rbc membrane permeability

A

use 3 iso-osmotic solutions
polarity is similar but their size is different
ethylene glycol
glycerol
glucose

32
Q

dialysis

A

the case of passive movement in which one type of solute is separated from another type of solute (both in the same solution) by a selectively permeable membrane that allows one type of solute to pass but not the other

33
Q

dialysis tubing

A

an artificial semipermeable membrane material with pore sizes that allow only small molecules to pass through

comes in various pore sizes
our pore size traps sucrose in starting location

34
Q

lyse

A

hypotonic
burst

35
Q

crenate

A

hypertonic
shrivel

a&p (11 decks)

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