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ATLS > Pre-hospital care > Flashcards

Pre-hospital care Flashcards

1
Q

Considerations in the prehospital phas of patient care?

A
  1. Airway maintenance
  2. Control of bleeding and shock
  3. Immobilisation of patient
  4. Transfer to closest appropriate facility
  5. Minimize scene time
  6. IVF / Access
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2
Q

Critical aspects of hospital preparation?

A
  1. Availability of resuscitation area
  2. Airway equipment in working order
  3. Warmed crystalloid fluids and monitoring available
  4. Assembling the right help
  5. Communication to MTCs
  6. Assign roles
  7. Appropriate PPE
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3
Q

Communication required by hospital ?

A
  1. Time of injury
  2. Events related to injury
  3. PMHx & vital signs
  4. Mechanism of injury
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4
Q

Objectives of the primary survey?

A
  1. Identify and treat life threatening injuries
  2. C-spine collar
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5
Q

Adjuncts during primary survey?

A
  1. ECG
  2. Vital signs
  3. ABG
  4. Pulse oximeter & ETCO2
  5. Imaging
  6. Urinary OP + Gastric tubes
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6
Q

Urinary catheter?

A
  1. Assessment of volume status and renal perfusion
  2. Assess with retrograde urethrogram before insertion of catheter
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7
Q

Function of NGT?

A
  1. Reduce gastric distention
  2. Reduce the risk of aspiration
  3. Identification of injury such as diaphragmatic hernia
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8
Q

Diagnostic images?

A
  1. Chest & Pelvis XR
  2. FAST & eFAST
  3. DPL
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9
Q

Why is it important to know the mechanism of injury?

A
  1. Anticipate injury pattern
  2. Enhance understanding of patient’s physiologic state
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10
Q

Adjuncts to secondary survey?

A
  1. Additional XR
  2. Examination of the spine & extremities
  3. CT
  4. Angiography
  5. TOE
    6 Bronchoscopy & Oesophagoscopy
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11
Q

Components of secondary survey //

A
  1. History
  2. Head-toe examination
  3. Complete neuro examination
  4. Diagnostic tests
  5. Re-evaluation
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12
Q

Whats is AMPLE?

A

A - Allergies
M - Medication
P - PMHx & Pregnancy
L - Last meal
E - Events

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13
Q

Broad categories of injury calssification?

A
  1. Blunt
  2. Penetrating
  3. Thermal
  4. Hazardous environment
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14
Q

Chest wall examination in secondary survey? Same for abdomen!

A
  1. Inspection
  2. Palpation
  3. Auscultation
  4. Percussion
  5. CXR
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15
Q

MSK examination?

A
  1. Contusion and deformities
  2. Pain
  3. Perfusion
  4. Logroll
  5. Peripheral vascular status
  6. XR
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16
Q

Neuro examination?

A
  1. GCS
  2. Pupils
  3. Lateralizing signs
  4. Prevention of secondary brain injury
  5. Neurosurgical consultation
17
Q

Physical examination during secondary survey?

A
  1. Palpate all facial structures
  2. Pupil examination
  3. Ear examination
  4. Examine anterior neck
  5. Check carotid bruits
  6. Chec C-spine steps
  7. Examine chest
  8. Examine abdomen & Pelvis
  9. Examine extremities
  10. Examine vascular pulses
  11. Examine urinary output
  12. Visual acuity, motor & sensory exam if awake

ATLS (10 decks)

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