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MCN > Pre-gestational disorders > Flashcards

Pre-gestational disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What disease is it called when the heart muscle and heart valves are damaged?

A

Rheumatic Heart Disease

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2
Q

Has indentation to the inflammation

A

Erythema marginatum

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3
Q

Narrowing of the opening of the mitral valve due to stiffening of the valve leaflets leading to obstruction

A

Mitral Valve Stenosis

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4
Q

Difficulty of breathing

A

Dyspnea

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5
Q

Signs and symptoms of MVS

A
  • Dyspnea
  • Hemoptysis
  • Atrial fibrillation
  • Endocarditis
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6
Q

Lab values of Hypokalemia

A

< 3.5 mEql / L

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7
Q

Decrease resting ventricular rate

A

Digitalis

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8
Q

Normal circulating blood volume during pregnancy ?
a. 70 - 90 %
b. 50 - 60 %
c. 40 - 60 %
d. 20 - 32%

A

C. 40 - 60%

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9
Q

Normal pregnancy cardiac output?
a. 12 - 20 %
b. 25 - 50 %
c. 30 - 60 %
d. 50 - 75 %

A

B. 25 - 50 %

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10
Q

Normal pregnancy cardiac rate?

A

10 - 12 bpm

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11
Q

True or False
Arthralgia is an inflammation to the muscle

A

False

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12
Q

True or false

Polyarthritis is an inflammed muscle

A

True

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13
Q

s/s:
- Bradycardia
- Blurring of Vision
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Anorexia

A

Digitalis Toxicity

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14
Q

Hole in Septum

A

Atrial Septal Defect

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15
Q

Open ductus arteriosus

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

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16
Q

Narrowing of Aorta

A

Coarctation of Aorta

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17
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A
  • Narrowing of pulmonary artery (pulmonary stenosis)
  • Right ventricular hypertrophy
  • Overriding Aorta
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18
Q

Give the classification of heart disease:
Asymptomatic at normal levels of activity

A

Class 1

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19
Q

Symptomatic with ordinary activity

A

Class III

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20
Q

An endocrine disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, results from inadequate production or use of insulin

A

Diabetes Mellitus

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21
Q

S/S of DM
clue:
Excessive urination
Excessive thirst
Extreme hunger

A
  • Polyuria
  • Polydypsia
  • Polyphagia
    (poly means excessive/over the normal)
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22
Q

Type of DM
Cannot use / absorb insulin

A

Type 2 DM

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23
Q

Body’s failure to produce insulin

A

Type 1 DM

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24
Q

DM only occurs during pregnancy

A

Gestational Diabetes

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25
Q

Steady constant increase of Blood glucose

A

Diabetogenic effect

26
Q

T/F
Risk Factors
Obesity
Hypertension
maternal age of >35 y/o
Hydramnios ( ^ to 10 - 20%)
PROM
Pre/eclampsia

A

True

27
Q

Clinical Diagnosis for DM
Fasting Blood Sugar

A

do not give glucose for 8 hrs

28
Q

Glucose Tolerance test

A

give 50 g dextrose sol dissolved to 200 mL water

29
Q

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

A

100 g of dextrose
1st hr : 180 g
2nd hr : 155 g
3rd hr : 140 g

30
Q

what level indicates DM in Oral glucose Tolerance test?

A

> 95 dL

31
Q

Urinalysis : Benedict’s test
Identify the indications of the colors :
Green
Red

A

Green: Low amount of glucose
Red: High amount of glucose

32
Q

Risk:
- Thick blood due to excessive numbers of RBC
- blood is rady in color (dark red)
- d/t diminished ability of glycosylated haemoglobin in the mother’s blood to release oxygen

A

Polycythemia

33
Q

Management: Antepartal
What do you need to increase in the mother’s diet?

A

Calorie intake by 300 kcal/day

34
Q

Management: Intrapartal

A
  • Timing of birth
  • Labor management
35
Q

Management: Postpartal

A

Reassess 6 wks (3 yrs interval) postpartum to check glucose level

36
Q

Another Pre-gestational disorder that occurs when a person experiences difficulties with work, family, social relations as a result of alcohol or drug abuse

A

Substance Abuse
- Tobacco, Alcohol, Cocaine, Narcotics, Sedatives, Amphetamines, Marijuana

37
Q

True or False
Alcohol is a CNS depressant & a potent teratogen. It also affects respiratory functions and can cause infant a congenital anomaly

A

True

38
Q

What syndrome can develop from drinking alcohol?

A

Fetal Alcoholic syndrome

39
Q

Most widely used illicit drug among women, both pregnant and non pregnant

A

Marijuana

40
Q

Maternal effects of marijuana

A
  • Anemia
  • Low maternal weight
41
Q

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine is the most common used of a group of drugs referred to as club drugs/party drugs. Give an example

A

Ecstacy
Meth

42
Q

Amphetamines maternal effect

A

Malnutrition

43
Q

Amphetamines Neonatal effects

A

Cleft palate & IUGR

44
Q

Effects of Narcotics

A

Infant: Perinatal asphyxia (low oxygen during gestation) , IUGR
PROM, STDs

45
Q

What is RH Sensitization?

A

occurs when the father has a negative rhesus and mother has a positive rhesus or VV

46
Q

What blood type is RBC Reduction safest to give to?

A

O-

47
Q

Effect of RH Sensitization

A

destruction of RBC

48
Q

a type of diagnostic test that checks for the presence of antibodies that attacks the RBC

A

Direct Coombs Test

49
Q

A Dx that checks for the presence of RBC in the blood supply of the mother

A

Indirect Coombs test

50
Q

Management:
When to give Rhogam if diagnosed before pregnancy?

A

28th wk of gestation and the first 72 hrs after delivery

51
Q

Iron deficiency anemia
Folic acid deficiency anemia
Sickle cell anemia
Thalassemia

A

Anemia

52
Q

IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
- Smaller than usual RBC
- Pale RBC

A
  • Microcytic
  • Hypochromic
53
Q

Iron D. A.
What are Hematemesis, Melena, hematochezia, Hemolysis?

A
  • Hematemesis: blood in vomit
  • Melena: Black tarry stool
  • Hematochezia: Fresh blood on lower GI track
  • Hemolysis: Destruction of RBCs
54
Q

Maternal Effects of IDA

A

Pallor (Pale skin)
Glossitis

55
Q

Management of IDA

A

Iron supplement
Intake Vitamin C-rich foods

56
Q

Distinct Characteristic of Folic Acid. D.A.

A

Macrocytic

57
Q

Fetal effects of F. A. D. A.

A

Abortion
Neural tube defect

58
Q

Characteristics:
- Normochromic, Sickle shaped
- Autosomal Recessive Genetic disorder
- Causes obstruction
- Not smooth flow to Blood vessels
- Hemolysis

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

59
Q

Dx for SCA

A
  • hemoglobin electrophoresis
  • Sickling test
60
Q

Genetic disorder that involves abnormal synthesis of Alpha or beta chains of hemoglobin leading to alteration in cell membrane and decrease RBC life span

  • Hypochromic and microcytic
A

Thalassemia

MCN (1 decks)

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