Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

art app > pre-final anaphy reviewer (endo) > Flashcards

pre-final anaphy reviewer (endo) Flashcards

1
Q

“endo”
“krine”

A

within
to secrete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

allows cells to communicate with each other to regulate body acts

A

chemical messenger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

produced by a specific collection of cells or by glands

A

chemical messenger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

secreted by cells in the local area

A

autocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

it acts locally in nearby cells. secreted by one cell type in the extracellular fluid and affects the surrounding cells.

A

paracrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

secreted by neuron to activate an adjacent cell. travels short distances.

A

neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

secreted into the bloodstream by certain glands and cells.

A

endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4 classes of chemical messenger

A

autocrine
paracrine
neurotransmitter
endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

10 functions of endocrine system

A

metabolism
control of food intake ad digestion
tissue development
ion regulation
water balance
heart rate and blood pressure changes
control of blood glucose and other nutrients
control reproductive functions
uterine contractions and milk release
immune system function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

secretes endocrine cells called “hormones” into the bloodstream.

A

endocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

differences of ES and NS (6)

A
  • NS uses electrical impulses -ES uses chemical signals
  • NS is rapid - ES is slow
  • electrical impulses travels - ES chemical messenger travels
  • NS consists of spinal cord n brain - ES consists of glands
  • NS control both voluntary n involuntary - ES involuntary
  • NS activates its target quickly - ES longer-lasting effects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

similarities of NS n ES (2)

A

both reacts to a stimuli
both helps maintain homeostasis
both sends n receives messages
hypothalamus is linked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

difference of endocrine nd exocrine

A

endo-within exo-going out
endo-xducts exo-with ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

“hormon”

A

set into motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

hormones must remain active in the circulation long enough to arrive at their target cells

A

stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

lifespan of a given hormone

A

half-life-TRH=water soluble
long-life-cortisol=lipid soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

can reach target cells within 2 mins

A

half life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

can reach target cells more than an hour

A

long life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

hormones must be able to interact to the target cells

A

communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hormones require chaperone to arrive safely to the target

A

distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

protects smaller hormones

A

bounding hormones\binding proteins/chaperone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3 characteristics of hormone

A

stability
communication
distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

chemical nature of hormones

A

water soluble
lipid soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

can dissolve easily in the blood and circulates as free hormones.

A

water-soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

can transport to the blood with the help of binding proteins

A

lipid soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

refers to the control of hormonal release in response to changes. ex. release of insulin

A

humoral stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

“bodily fluid”

A

humor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

hormone secretion in response to action potentials in neuron. occuring during stress activity

A

neural stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

release of a hormone in response to other hormone

A

hormonal stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Allows secretion of other hormones

A

tropic hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

inhibits secretion of other hormones

A

inhibiting hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

inhibits secretion of other hormones

A

inhibiting hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

self-limiting. prevents further hormone secretion once the set point is achieved.

A

negative feedback

34
Q

self-promoting system whereby hormone increases overtime.

A

positive feedback

35
Q

portion where a hormone binds

A

receptor site

36
Q

llows only a specific hormone to bind

A

specificity

37
Q

consists of ductless glands that secretes hormones into the interstitial fluid.

A

endocrine glands and hormones

38
Q

richest blood supply

A

endocrine glands(adrenal n thyroid glands)

39
Q

small gland about a size of pea

A

pituitary gland

40
Q

2 division of pituitary gland

A

anterior n posterior pituitary gland

40
Q

2 division of pituitary gland

A

anterior n posterior pituitary gland

41
Q

made up of epithelial cells.

A

APG

42
Q

extension of the brain and is composed of nerve cells.

A

PPG

43
Q

known as body’s “master gland”

A

pituitary gland

44
Q

part of the brain that controls autonomic nervous system.
controls apg n ppg

A

hypothalamus

45
Q

transported through veins to a second capillary bed

A

neuropeptides

46
Q

releasing hormone -
inhibiting hormone -

A

secretion
inhibition

47
Q

target tissue: most tissues that stimulates growth of bones and muscles.

A

growth hormone

48
Q

too littles gh causes?
too much gh causes?

A
  • pituitary dwarfism
    + gigantism/acromegaly
49
Q

target tissue: thyroid gland and binds to membrane bound receptors on cells of the thyroid gland.

A

thyroid-stimulating hormone

50
Q

too little tsh causes?
too many tsh ?

A

-thyroid gland decreases
-thyroid gland enlarges

51
Q

target tissue: adrenal cortex and binds to membrane receptor on adrenal cortex cells

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

52
Q

prevents degenerating adrenal cortex

A

cortisol?/hydrocortisone

53
Q

increases melanin production in melanocytes to make skin darker in color

A

melanocytes-stimulating hormone

54
Q

bind to receptor of the cells in gonads

A

gonadotropins

55
Q

primary reproductive organs

A

gonads

56
Q

target tissue: ovary n testes

A

luteinizing hormone

57
Q

target tissue: follicle and seminiferous tubules

A

follicle stimulating hormones

58
Q

target tissue: ovary and mammary glands and testis

A

prolactin

59
Q

target tissue: kidney

A

antidiuretic hormone

60
Q

reduced adh release causes?
increased adh release?

A
  • large amount of dilute urine
    + diabetes insipidus (produce large amnt of urine)
    = excessive loss of water from the blood
    =loss of important electrocytes
61
Q

target tissue: uterus and mammary gland. causes contraction of smooth muscle cells of the uterus and milk let down from breasts.

A

ocytoxin

62
Q

given under certain conditions to assist childbirth and constrict uterine blood vessels after childbirth.

A

pitocin

63
Q

made up of two lobes connected by a narrow band called isthmus.
lobes are located just inferior to the larynxx. largest endo gland

A

thyroid gland

64
Q

target tissue: most cells of the body and regulates the metabolism in the body

A

thyroid hormone

65
Q

target tissue; bone. secreted when the blood concentration of ca2+ becomes too high

A

calcitonin

66
Q

excessive thyroid hormone causes?
lack of th?

A

+ hyperthyroidism/ graves’s disease
- hypothyroidism/ decrease metabolic rate

67
Q

the posterior wall of thyroid gland

A

parathyroid glsnd

68
Q

pth effects

A

increase vitamin d production
increases blodd calcium level

69
Q

small glands located superior to each kidneys

A

adrenal glands

70
Q

inner part of adrenal gland?
outer?

A
  • adrenal medulla
  • adrenal cortex
71
Q

target tissue; blood vessel, heart, liver, adipocytes.
fight or flight hormone

A

epinephrine

72
Q

target tissue: kidney (lesser), intestine, and sweat glands. regulates blood volume,level of potassium n sodium. major hormone= aldosterone

A

mineralocorticoids

73
Q

target tissues: most tissues. major hormone= cortisol

A

glucocoticoids

74
Q

secreted by the inner layer of adrenal cortex

A

adrenal androgens

75
Q

consists of pancreatic islets

A

pancreas

76
Q

3 types of islets

A

alpha
beta
delta

77
Q

alpha secretes what
beta
delta

A

-glucagon
-insulin
-somatostatin

78
Q

the inability of tissues to respond to insulin

A

diabetes mellitus

79
Q

an unintentional autoimmune reaction which the body fights itself that stops the body from making insulin. needs insulin to survive.
insulin-dependent

A

type 1 diabetes

80
Q

body doesn’t use insulin well and can’t maintain normal blood sugar level.
noninsulin-dependent

A

type 2 diabetes

art app (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions