Pre-eclampsia

Question 1

Definition of pre-eclampsia

Answer 1

Presence of Pregnancy induced hypertension and pregnancy induced proteinuria which stops after delivery

Question 2

Pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia:

Answer 2

Poor placentation in the first half of the pregnancy
Leads to the oxidatively stressed placenta in the second half of pregnancy
Dysfunctional maternal endothelium, increased systemic inflammatory response

Question 3

Maternal crises of pre-eclampsia

Answer 3

Eclampsia
HELLP syndrome
Cerebral haemorrhage
Cortical blindness
ARDS
DIC
Oedema

Question 4

Fetal crises of pre-eclampsia

Answer 4

Intrauterine asphyxia
Intrauterine death
Placental abruption

Question 5

Possible Features of pre-eclampsia

Answer 5

PIH
Generalised oedema
Haemoconcentration
Increased haematocrit
Hyperuricaemia
Proteinuria
Hypocalciuria
Raised plasma creatinine
Reduced creatinine clearance
Raised AST, ALT

Question 6

Maternal Risk factors for pre-eclampsia

Answer 6

Diabetes
Hypertension
Chronic renal disease
Obesity
PCOS
Previous pre-eclampsia
Family history
Antiphospholipid antibody syndromes

Question 7

Fetal risk factors for pre-eclampsia

Answer 7

Trisomy
Hydatidiform mole
Multiple pregnancy
Placental hydrops

Question 8

Antihypertensive drugs contraindicated in pre-eclampsia

Answer 8

ACE inhibitors

Angiotensin II inhibitors

Question 9

Drugs used in pre-eclampsia

Answer 9

Labetalol

Nifedipine

Question 10

ACE inhibitors
Angiotensin II inhibitors
Teratogenic

Answer 10

Growth restriction
Oligohydramnios
Intrauterine + post natal renal failure