Pre-colonial Philippines

Question 1

Found in Angono Rock Shelter. Pictograms and drawing of animals.

Answer 1

Angono Petroglyphs (5000BC)

Question 2

We had no economic, political, and linguistic connections within Maritime Asia during the pre-colonial Philippines.

Answer 2

False.

Question 3

Who made a project to make a documentary history of the Philippine Islands available to the general public of 55 volumes of primary source documents in Philippine history translated from Spanish to English.

Answer 3

BLAIR & ROBERTSON PAPERS

Question 4

Writing that was adopted by the Moros in the southern Philippines. It was introduced to Southeast Asia so that people might be able to read the Quran.

Answer 4

Jawi writing.

Question 5

Baybayin would be used as one of the symbols of the Katipunan.

Answer 5

True.

Question 6

Baybayin therefore was a symbol of the Filipino longing for the glorious past and to remind the people that they were not uncultured or uncivilized barbarians as claimed by Spaniards.

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

The Baybayin in fact was preserved by the Spanish and was used in the religious text like the Doctrina Christiana.

Answer 7

True.

Question 8

Baybayin was only used by upper class natives.

Answer 8

False.

Question 9

According to Fr. Francisco Colin - most of the native population was literate and can read and write in baybayin.

Answer 9

True.

Question 10

Early communities elements:

Answer 10

social organization, material life and inter-island contacts.

Question 11

Meaning of body tattoos.

Answer 11

A mark achievement in battle and in slave raiding.

Question 12

Written in Spanish; 16th century book of unknown origin.

Answer 12

The Boxer-Codex

Question 13

There is an abundance of gold during the pre-colonial Philippines.

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

Pigafetta, gave the description of a Butuan chief that testified of his ruling status, access to foreign manufactured goods and military achievement.

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

The earliest major trading center in the Philippine archipelago.

Answer 15

Butuan trade.

Question 16

The sale of Pearls is a signature Philippine product.

Answer 16

True.

Question 17

Chinese records reference Ma-i, perhaps referring to Mindoro, which brought goods directly to Canton for the first time in 982.

Answer 17

True.

Question 18

Considered a burial jar. It has a boat with two human figures representing two souls on a voyage to the afterlife.

Answer 18

Manunggul Jar (900 BC)

Question 19

The Philippine archipelago was not isolated from the rest of Maritime Southeast Asia.

Answer 19

True.

Question 20

In pre-colonial Philippines, there is an existence of regional networks throughout Southeast Asia: trade, tributary, travel and political records.

Answer 20

True.

Question 21

The existence of indigenous chiefdoms- Barangays led by a Datu are defined by territorial location, not personal attachment.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

It contained baybayin; written in the old Bisayan language. A pot from the 14th to 16th century.

Answer 22

Calatagan Clay pot (14th to 16th century)

Question 23

Used for trade or to show ownership of items; written in baybayin.

Answer 23

The Butuan Ivory Seals (9th to 12th century)

Question 24

The King of Butuan sent an embassy to Sung China; an unknown script, perhaps Javanese.

Answer 24

The Butuan Silver Slip (1000 AD)

Question 25

Oldest written document that existed in the Philippines; discovered in 1986.

Answer 25

Laguna Copperplate

Question 26

Who is Antonio Pigafetta?

Answer 26

Part of Magellan’s team. A scholar/ chronicler.

Question 27

What did the Spanish learn from the natives?

Answer 27

They learned about their culture.

Question 28

What was the significance of the coconut fruit?

Answer 28

A source of life. “A family of 10 persons can be supported in two trees, by utilizing one of them during one week.”

Question 29

What were exchanged?

Answer 29

Aside from merchandise, they also exchanged culture, food, clothing, beliefs, etc. Pigafetta’s account/ description of the Philippines before is testimony that he actually learned something about the pre-colonial Philippines.

Question 30

How did Pigafetta describe the Spanish arrival?

Answer 30

Spaniards arrived wounded, but they were warmly welcomed by the Filipinos.

Question 31

Who is Fr. Plasencia? When and why did he write the document?

Answer 31

A Franciscan Missionary. Wrote it in 1589 to document the customs & traditions of the country to the King of Spain. Upon the request of Governor Santiago-Rivera for the guidance of alcalde mayors to settle the disputes between native Filipinos.

Question 32

How does one get married and what happens when one gets divorced?

Answer 32

Depending on who you marry. Division of “dowry” and inheritance depends on your family/ class.

Question 33

Discuss the pre colonial justice system.

Answer 33

Investigations passed by datu must take place in the barangay. If the litigant feels unfairly judged, they call others “fair and just men”. Summon a judge from another barangay if chief vs chief. They had laws that could condemn death to a man of low birth if they insult the daughter/ wife of the chief.

Question 34

How does one become a slave in pre colonial society?

Answer 34

By birth/ marriage/ penalty.

Question 35

What were the different classes that existed during the pre-colonial period? What do they do and what was their function in the village?

Answer 35

Maharlikas = “nobles” or “free-born” who cannot be sold and did not have any taxes to pay the datus (chiefs) in exchange for accompanying him in war. Aliping namamahay = “common people” who serve and accompany their master, either a datu or not. They get to live in their own houses and can acquire lands and properties. Aliping saguiguilid = “slaves” serve their master in his own house and are possibly sold.

Question 36

Which place did Fr. Plasencia observe the Tagalogs?

Answer 36

Written in Spain pero parang observed in Laguna