Pre American Revolution Part 2

Question 0

Declaratory Act

Answer 0

Law passed in 1776 to accompany repeal of the Strap Act that stated that Parliament had the authority to legislate for the colonies “in all cases whatsoever.”

Question 1

Sugar Act

Answer 1

Law passed in 1764 to raise revenue in the American colonies. It lowered the duty from 6 pence to 3 pence per gallon on foreign molasses imported into the colonies and increased the restrictions on colonial commerce.

Question 2

Townshend Revenue Acts

Answer 2

Acts of Parliament, passed in 1767, imposing duties on colonial tea, lead, paint, paper, and glass.

Question 3

Boston Massacre

Answer 3

After months of increasing friction between townspeople and the British troops stationed in the city, on March 5, 1770, British troops fired on American civilians in Boston.

Question 4

Boston Tea Party

Answer 4

Incident that occurred on December 16, 1773, in which Bostonians, disguised as Indians, destroyed £10,000 worth of tea belonging to the British East India Company in order to prevent payment of the duty on it.

Question 5

First Continental Congress

Answer 5

Meeting of delegates from most of the colonies held in 1774 in response to the Coercive Acts. The Congress endorsed the Suffolk Resolves, adopted the Declaration of Rights and Grievances, and agreed to establish the Continental Association

Question 6

Minutemen

Answer 6

Special companies of militia formed in Massachusetts and elsewhere beginning in late 1744.

Question 7

Declaration of Independence

Answer 7

The document by which the second Continental Congress announced and justified its decision to renounce the colonies’ allegiance to the British government.

Question 8

Loyalists

Answer 8

British colonists who opposed independence from Britain.

Question 9

Tories

Answer 9

A derisive term applied to Loyalists in America who supported the king and Parliament just before and during the American Revolution.

Question 10

Articles of Confederation

Answer 10

Written document setting up the loose confederation of states that comprised the first national government of the United States.

Question 11

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Answer 11

Legislation that prohibited slavery in the northwest territories and provided the model for the incorporation of future territories into the union as co-– equal states.

Question 12

Bill of Rights

Answer 12

A written summary of inalienable rights and liberties.

Question 13

Tea Act

Answer 13

Act of Parliament that permitted the East India Company to sell through agents in America without paying The duty customarily collected in Britain, thus reducing the retail price.

Question 14

Olive Branch Petition

Answer 14

The Olive Branch Petition was adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 5, 1775, in a final attempt to avoid a full-on war between the Thirteen Colonies that the Congress represented, and Great Britain. The petition affirmed American loyalty to Great Britain and entreated the king to prevent further conflict.

Question 15

Virtual representation

Answer 15

The notion that parliamentary members represented the interests of the nation as a whole, not those of the particular district that elected them.

Question 16

Annapolis Convention

Answer 16

Conference of State delegates at Annapolis, Maryland, that issued a call in September 1786 for a convention to meet at Philadelphia to consider fundamental changes.

Question 17

Virginia Plan

Answer 17

Proposal calling for a national legislature in which the states would be represented according to population.

Question 18

New Jersey Plan

Answer 18

Proposal of the New Jersey delegation for a strengthened national government in which all states would have an equal representation in a unicameral legislature.

Question 19

Great Compromise

Answer 19

Plan proposed at the 1787 Constitutional convention for creating a national bicameral legislature in which all states would be equally represented in the Senate and proportionally represented in the House.

Question 20

Federalists

Answer 20

Supporters of the Constitution who favored its ratification.

Question 21

Anti-Federalists

Answer 21

Opponents of the Constitution in the debate over its ratification.

Question 22

Judicial Review

Answer 22

A power implied in the Constitution that gives federal courts The right to review and determine the constitutionality of acts passed by Congress and state legislatures.

Question 23

Treaty of Greenville

Answer 23

Treaty of 1795 in which native Americans in the old Northwest were forced to cede most of the present state of Ohio to the United States.

Question 24

XYZ Affair

Answer 24

Diplomatic incident in 1798 in which Americans were outraged by the demand of the French for a bride as a condition for negotiating with American diplomats.

Question 25

Federalism

Answer 25

The sharing of powers between the national government and the states.

Question 26

Alien and Sedition Acts

Answer 26

Collective name given to four acts passed by Congress in 1798 that curtailed freedom of speech and the liberty of foreign residents in United States.