Praxtical

Question 1

Waves

Answer 1

Fill the ripple tank so the water has a depth of approximately 5mm. Place the ripple tank on top of a piece of white paper or card.
2 Place a wooden rod on the surface of the water and attach it to the low voltage power supply and motor. Add a lamp to the circuit and hold the lamp above the ripple tank.
3. View the wave pattern from the side of the tank. looking through the water.
4. To measure the wavelength. place the metre ruler perpendicular to the wavefronts on the page Measure across as many wavefronts as possible and
5
divide by the number of waves.
To measure the frequency. count the number of waves passing a particular point in the wave tank over a given time measure 10 or 20 seconds using a stop clock).
6. To calculate the wave speed, multiplu the wavelength by the frequency.

Question 2

Leslie

Answer 2

Place a Leslie cube on a heat-resistant mat. Fill it. almost to the top. with boiling water and replace the lid.
2. Leave for one minute. This is to enable the surfaces to heat up to the temperature of the water.
3. Use the infrared detector to measure the intensitu of infrared radiation emitted from each surface or the temperature of the surface. Make sure that the detector is the same distance from each surface for each reading.

Question 3

Acceleration

Answer 3

1. Draw equally spaced straight lines perpendicular to the edge of the bench leg.
   20cm apart)
2. Attach a toy car to some string at one end. with the other end running across the bench pulley
   Attach the weight stand to the loose end of the string. Hold the weight of the pulley so it doesn’t pull the car but so that the string is fully extended
   Release the weight stand and begin the timer, stop timing when the car hits the pulley at the other end of the bench.
   5
   Add 10g of mass to the weight stack, repeating steps 1-4.
3. Repeat adding 10g of mass until 100g is reached.
   Calculate the acceleration with the different masses

Question 4

Hooks law

Answer 4

Secure a clamp stand to the bench using a G-clamp.
2. Use a clamp to secure the spring to the top of the clamp stand and another
Clamp to sucure the ruler next to the spring 3
clamp to secure the ruler next to the spring.
Ensure that the ruler is vertical, and is at Ocm next to the top of the spring.
4. Record the initial length of the spring.
5. Add 100g masses to the spring and record the new length of the spring.
Repeat until kg of masses has been added to the spring.
7. Calculate the extension at each weight by subtracting the new length by the original length.
8 Plot data on graph

Question 5

Vibrating spring

Answer 5

Produce a standing wave on the vibrating string by adjusting the frequency or the generator, the position of the wooden bridge and the tension in the string (by adding or removing masses). A standing wave is created when the wave doesn’t appear to move horizontally, instead the string appears to oscillate only vertically.
2. To measure the wavelength, use a metre ruler to measure across multiple standing waves and divide by the number of total waves.
The wavelengths of a standing wave is measured across two halves, as shown in the diagram to the left.

To measure the frequency, use a stopwatch to time wave oscillations over ten complete cycles. If the wave is slow enough, time the point at the centre of the half-wavelength, starting at equilibrium and counting every other time the string passes the equilibrium as a complete cycle. Divide this value by 10 to find the time period. Then use the equation,