Praxis Reading Flashcards
What are 3 meta linguistic abilities that young children acquire through early involvement in reading activities as described by Reid?
Word Consciousness
Language and conventions of print
Functions of print
Word consciousness = ?
Children who have access to books can first understand the story through pictures. Gradually they begin to understand the connection between the spoken word and the printed words.
Language and Conventions of print = ?
Children learn how to hold a book, read left to right, where to begin reading, and how to continue from one line to another.
Functions of print = ?1
Children learn that print can be used for a variety of purposes and functions.
What is word knowledge?
Information about words and letters
What is lexical knowledge?
Knowledge of word meanings
Orthographic knowledge?
Knowledge of spelling patterns and pronunciations
What is semantic knowledge?
Combining the reader’s background knowledge of a topic with the text information
Explain phonemic awareness
The acknowledgment of SOUNDS and words
ex: acknowledging
What are phonemes?
The smallest unit of language capable of conveying distinction in meaning
Explain phonological awareness
The ability of the reader to recognize the sounds of a spoken language.
ex: RHYMING!!! break down “sleep” into “/sl/ /eep/”
What is RIME
The vowel and everything after it
Word analysis = ?
The process readers use to figure out unfamiliar words based on written patterns
Word recognition = ?
process of automatically determining the pronunciation and some degree of the meaning of an unknown word
Decoding?
Changing communication signals into messages
Encoding?
Changing a message into symbols
ex: Spelling
Phonics?
The connection between the sounds and letters on a page
ex: sounding out individual letters to figure out the word
High frequency words?
The words most often used in the English language
What is the key word method?
Uses words and illustrations that highlight salient features of meaning
ex: Drawing a picture
What are the 5 developmental stages of spelling?
PELTD
Pre-phonemic Early phonemic Letter-name Transitional Derivational
Pre-phonemic spelling?
Children know that letters stand for a message but they do not know the relationship between spelling and pronunciation
What is sound-letter correspondence?
It is composed of the sounds represented by the letters of the alphabet
WIDA level = Entering
Beginning/Preproduction
if the pupil does not understand or speak English with the exception of a few isolated words or expressions
WIDA level = Beginning
Beginning/Production
if all of the following criteria are met:
-understand and speaks conversational and academic English with hesitancy
-the pupil is at a pre-emergent or emergent level of reading and writing below grade level
