praxis reading

Question 1

Phonemic awareness is?

Answer 1

Recognizing the individual sounds in words.
You can do phonemic awareness without knowing how to read or write.

Question 2

Phonological awareness is ?

Answer 2

includes identifying and manipulating units of oral language, including parts of a word, syllables, onsets and rimes

Question 3

phonics

Answer 3

understanding the relationship between sounds and spelling patterns ( graphemes) the rules of our language

Question 4

phonemes

Answer 4

individual sounds in words
44 sounds

Question 5

syllables

Answer 5

units of pronunciation having one vowel sound with or without surrounding consonants

Question 6

onsets

Answer 6

beginning consonant and consonant cluster
ex: t-ack
tr-ack

Question 7

rimes

Answer 7

vowel and consonants that follow the onset
t-ack is the rime
tr-ack- is the rime

Question 8

common rimes

Answer 8

-ack
-an
-aw
-ick
-ing

Question 9

blending

Answer 9

ability to blend the sounds that each letter stands for in a word
ex: black
/b/la/ck

Question 10

segmenting

Answer 10

breaking a word apart
ex:
base ball
dad d/ad/
behind be/hind

Question 11

substituting

Answer 11

replacing one phoneme with another
example: play
/s/ tay

Question 12

morphology

Answer 12

study of words and their forms
smallest units of meanings in words
ex: firehouse
fire and house are the two meanings in this word

Question 13

words can be broken down by

Answer 13

inflected forms -s, -es, -ed, -ing, -ly
contractios
possessives
compoundwords
syllables
base words
root workds

Question 14

Letter- sound correspondence

Answer 14

certain letters and combinations of letters that make specific sounds

Question 15

single letters
a single consonant represented by phoneme

Answer 15

b,d,f, g, h,j,k,l,m,n,p,r,s,t,v,w,yz

Question 16

doublets
2 letter( di) combinations that create 1 phoneme

Answer 16

ff, ll,ss,zz

Question 17

digraphs
2 letter combination that make one phoneme ( sound)

Answer 17

th, sh, ch, wh, ph, ng, gh,ck

Question 18

trigraphs
3 letter combinations that make 1 sounds

Answer 18

tch
dge

Question 19

dipthong
sounds formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable
in which the sound begins as one vowel and moves towards another

Answer 19

aisle
coin
loud
buy

Question 20

consonant blends
2 or three graphemes
and the consonant sounds are separate and identifiable

Answer 20

s-c-r scrape
cl clean
lk milk

Question 21

silent letter combinations

Answer 21

kn knock
wr wrestle
gn gnarly

Question 22

combination qu

Answer 22

These letters always go together and they make the kw sound

Question 23

single letters
A single vowel letter that stands for a vowel sound

Answer 23

short vowels cat, hit, gem, pot, sub
long vowels make the sounds of their letter
me, no, mute

Question 24

vowel teams

Answer 24

combinations of 2, 3, 4 letters. that stand for a vowel sound
ex: short vowel sounds,
head, hook
long vowel boat, sigh, weigh
dipthongs soil, bout

Question 25

sight words vs decodable words

Answer 25

want said see what by are

Question 26

roots

Answer 26

parts of a word that provide the meaning of the word cred di auto

Question 27

prefixes at the beginning of words that change the meaning

Answer 27

un dis im in mis ir

Question 28

suffixes at the end of a word that changes the meaning

Answer 28

er ment ion ing ed

Question 29

compound words

Answer 29

mailman sidewalk

Question 30

Preproduction stage

Answer 30

silent period use visuals and cues

Question 31

early production

Answer 31

can last up to 6 months 1000 new words short phrases use pictures to represent ideas

Question 32

speech emergence

Answer 32

3000 words simple phrases and sentences some comprehension

Question 33

intermediate fluency

Answer 33

6000 words or more communicate effectively through speech and writing

Question 34

advanced fluency

Answer 34

4-10 years to achieve this level comprehension and thinking critically

Question 35

approaches for ELLS

Answer 35

Honor silent periods visuals cooperative learning allow use of native language

Question 36

ELLS learning approaches

Answer 36

start with closed vowels ex cat, sat, mat open vowels - go, fly, he,

Question 37

ell approaches

Answer 37

vowel consonant silent e kite skate poke vowel teams ea, ay, ee

Question 38

ell approaches

Answer 38

r controlled car far the r makes the ending sounf

Question 39

synactic

Answer 39

structure of a sentence I no go to the park

Question 40

semantic

Answer 40

meaning of words in a sentence

Question 41

fluency

Answer 41

reading without having to stop

Question 42

prosody

Answer 42

reading with expression

Question 43

miscue analyis

Answer 43

looking over the running record analyzing why the student miscued

Question 44

repeated reading

Answer 44

reading a passage over and over again

Question 45

choral reading

Answer 45

reading in unison helps fluency, prosody and confidence

Question 46

running records

Answer 46

following along as a student reads