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Praxis Quick-Study > Praxis QS Ch.1 & Ch.8 > Flashcards

Praxis QS Ch.1 & Ch.8 Flashcards

1
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal, B

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2
Q

CN VII

A

Facial, B

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3
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear, S

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4
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal, B

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5
Q

CN X

A

Vagus, B

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6
Q

CN XI

A

Spinal Accessory, M

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7
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal, M

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8
Q

CN Acronym

A

B2 S B2 M2

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9
Q

Cerebellum

A
  • Coordinated movements, equilibrium, posture, speech production
  • Problems –> Ataxia, dysarthria
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10
Q

Basal Ganglia

A
  • Transmits info to higher centers of the brain via thalamus

- Problems –> Dyskinesia (involuntary movements), dysarthria, unusual posture, changes in body tone

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11
Q

Thalamus

A
  • Consciousness, alertness, transmits sensory and motor information
  • Part of diencephalon
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12
Q

Hypothalamus

A
  • Controls emotions, integrates actions of ANS

- Part of diencephalon

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13
Q

RAS

A
  • Attention, consciousness, sleep/wake cycles, role of execution in motor activity
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14
Q

Brainstem

A
  • Bridge between cerebellum and all CNS structures, connects spinal cord with brain via diencephalon
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15
Q

Midbrain

A
  • Controls postural reflexes, visual/eye reflexes and movements
  • Contains substantia nigra
  • Part of brainstem
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16
Q

Pons

A
  • Connects cerebellum and cerebrum, transmits motor info

- Part of brainstem

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17
Q

Medulla

A
  • Controls breathing, HR, BP, important for speech production, transmits motor info to CN nuclei
  • Part of brainstem
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18
Q

MCA

A
  • Supplies entire lateral surface of cortex

- Problems –> Strokes, aphasia, reading and writing deficits, contralateral hemiplegia, impaired senses

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19
Q

ACA

A
  • Supplies middle portion of parietal and frontal lobes, corpus callosum, and basal ganglia
  • Problems –> Cognitive deficits, paralysis of feet and legs
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20
Q

Circle of Willis

A
  • Provides a common blood supply to various cerebral branches
  • Blocked above? Damage.
  • Blocked below? No damage/minimal damage
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21
Q

CNs for Speech

A

5, 7, 10, 11, 12

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22
Q

CNs for Phonation

A

7, 10

23
Q

CNs for Respiration

A

7, 10, 11

24
Q

CNs for Swallowing

A

5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12

25
Q

Projection Fibers

A

Relays info to glands and muscles

26
Q

Association Fibers

A
  • Intrahemisphere communication

- Arcuate fasciculus (connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas)

27
Q

Commissural Fibers

A
  • Interhemisphere communication

- Corpus callosum

28
Q

Pyramidal System

A
  • Responsible for voluntary movements

- Contains corticobulbar (speech) and corticospinal tracts

29
Q

Extrapyramidal System

A
  • Indirect activation of movement

- Responsible for posture, tone, and regulating movement

30
Q

SLN

A

S –> All of larynx

M –> CT muscle

31
Q

RLN

A

S –> Below VF

M –> All except CT muscle

32
Q

TOSS Acronym

A

Thyro Omo Sterno

33
Q

Aphasias Acronym

A

GMBT WTCA

   N        Y

F
C
R

34
Q

Nonfluent Aphasias

A

Global ANTERIOR LESION
MTA
Broca’s
TMA

35
Q

Fluent Aphasias

A

Wernicke’s POSTERIOR LESION
TSA
Conduction
Anomic

36
Q

Anterior Lesion

A

Nonfluent aphasia lesion type.

37
Q

Posterior Lesion

A

Fluent aphasia lesion type.

38
Q

Ataxic Dysarthria

A

Incoordination, drunken speech. Cerebellar. MS, TBI, cerebellar stroke.

Drunken speech, imprecise consonants, distorted vowels, harsh, excess & even stress, irregular articulatory breakdowns

39
Q

Flaccid Dysarthria

A

Weakness. LMN. MG, ALS.

Hypernasality, breathy, nasal emission, diminished reflexes, short phrases, nasal emission, monoP, monoL, imprecise consonants.

40
Q

Hyperkinetic Dysarthria

A

Involuntary. Basal ganglia. SD, essential tremor.

Variable rate, harsh, hypernasality, abnormal and involuntary movements, monoP, prolonged intervals, imprecise consonants, audible inspiration, excessive loudness, tremor, strained voice.

41
Q

Hypokinetic Dysarthria

A

Rigidity, mask-like face. Basal ganglia. PD.

Reduced stress, monoP, monoL, inappropriate silences, imprecise consonants, harsh, breathy, irregular breathing, mask-like face.

42
Q

Spastic Dysarthria

A

Spasticity. UMN (bilateral). PLS, brainstem stroke.

Reduced stress, monoP, monoL, harsh, imprecise consonants, pitch breaks, short phrases, hypernasality, weakness, breathy, reduced stress.

43
Q

UUMN Dysarthria

A

UMN (unilateral). Stroke, neurosurgery.

Weakeness, harsh, decreased loudness, strained, hypernasality, slow rate, short phrases, imprecise consonants.

44
Q

Flaccid-Spastic Dysarthra

A

LMN + UMN mixed.

Strain-strangled, harsh, hypernasality, monoP, low pitch, short phrases, prolonged intervals & phonemes, breathiness, audible inspiration, inappropriate silences, nasal emission.

45
Q

Ataxic-Spastic Dysarthria

A

Cerebellar + UMN mixed.

Imprecise loudness control, harsh, imprecise consonants, hypernasality, inappropriate pitch, sudden articulatory breakdowns.

46
Q

Global Aphasia

A

Impaired fluency
Impaired comprehension
Impaired repetition
*Most severe

47
Q

Mixed Transcortical Aphasia

A

Impaired fluency
Impaired comprehension
Intact repetition

48
Q

Broca’s Aphasia

A

Impaired fluency
Intact comprehension
Impaired repetition

49
Q

Transcortical Motor Aphasia

A

Impaired fluency
Intact comprehension
Intact repetition

50
Q

Wernicke’s Aphasia

A

Intact fluency
Impaired comprehension
Impaired repetition

51
Q

Transcortical Sensory Aphasia

A

Intact fluency
Impaired comprehension
Intact repetition
*Word salad, many words and ideas but doesn’t make sense

52
Q

Conduction Aphasia

A

Intact fluency
Intact comprehension
Impaired repetition
*Phonemic paraphasias

53
Q

Anomic Aphasia

A

Intact fluency
Intact comprehension
Intact repetition
*Impaired naming

Praxis Quick-Study (2 decks)

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