PRAXIS 2 Flashcards
meter that is composed of feet that are usually unaccented-unaccented-accented, usually used in light or whimsical poetry, such as a limerick
anapestic meter
an event, object, custom, person, or thing that is out of order in time; some unintentional, such as when an actor performing Shakespeare forgets to take off his watch; some deliberate to achieve a humorous or satiric effect, such as Mark Twains’s “A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court”
anachronism
a rhetorical term for the inversion of conventional word order. An example is, “Arms that wrap about a shawl” from ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’ by T.S. Eliot.
anastrophe
“To err is human, to forgive, divine,” by Alexander Pope, illustrates where words and phrases with opposite meanings are balanced against each other.
antithesis
a sudden transition in discourse from a significant idea to a trivial or ludicrous one. Alexander Pope’s ‘The Rape of the Lock,’ “Here thou, great Anna, whom three realms obey, Dost sometimes counsel take, and sometimes tea.”
anticlimax
a direct address to an object, idea, or to an absent or dead person
apostrophe
a word or word group that follows a noun and explains the noun more fully
appositive
an original model or pattern from which other later copies are made; especially a character, an action, or situation that seems to represent common patterns of human life. Often, include a symbol, a theme, a setting, or a character that some critics think have meaning for an entire culture
archetype
a short, often witty statement of a principle or a truth about life
aphorism
a pause or breathing-place about the middle of a metrical line, generally indicated by a pause in the sense.
caesura
the “turning downward” of the plot in a classical tragedy. By tradition, occurs in the fourth act of the play after the climax. Initiates the falling action of the play.
catastrophe
the “turning downward” of the plot in a classical tragedy. By tradition, occurs in the fourth act of the play after the climax. Initiates the falling action of the play.
classicism
the principles and styles admired in the classics of Greek and Roman literature, such as objectivity, sensibility, restraint, and formality
classicism
The framework emphasized five phases of reading instruction in a content domain: observing and personalizing, searching and retrieving, comprehending and integrating, communicating to others, and interacting with peers to construct meaning.
Concept-Oriented Reading Instruction
an elaborate figure of speech in which two seemingly dissimilar things or situations are compared
conceit
a formal poem focusing on death or mortality, usually beginning with the recent death of a particular person
elegy
a concise, witty saying in poetry or prose that either stands alone or is part of a larger work
epigram
the continuation of a grammatical construction of a line of verse into the next line; stands in opposition to an end-stop, creates a sense of suspense and excitement, emphasizes the last word of the line
enjambment
two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter
heroic couplet
expresses action or tells something about the subject without the action passing to a receiver, or object
intransitive verb
a figure of speech in which the name of an object is replaced by another which is closely associated with it. For example, “the crown” is used for the word monarch; “The White House” for the word president; “The See of Peter” for the pope; “the pitch” for a soccer field
metonymy
is a word or word group that makes the meaning of another word or word group more specific. The two kinds are adjectives and adverbs. They either make a noun more specific or a verb more specific
modifiers
follows, modifies, or refers to the direct object
object complement
novel with a colorful, loosely structured, episodic plot that revolves around the adventures of a central character from a low social class
picaresque
a novel in which historical people and events are represented as fictional
Roman a clef
eight lines of iambic pentameter and a ninth line of iambic hexameter, called an alexandrine, rhymed ababbcbbc
Spenserian stanza
is a word or word group in the predicate that describes or identifies the subject
subject complement
a figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole or the whole for a part, ex. “John Hancock” for the signature of any person
synecdoche
poetry written in three-line stanzas linked by end-ryhmes patterned aba, bcb, cdc… No specified stanzas, usually end with a single line or couplet rhyming with middle line of the last tercet. Dante first poet to use “Divine Comedy,”
Terza Rima
are formed from verbs. may have modifiers and complements. However, used as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, or verbs. There are three kinds: participles, gerunds, and infinitives
verbals
a rhetorical term for the use of a word to modify or govern two or more words although its use may be grammatically or logically correct with only one. Examples, “He fished for compliments and for trout,” and “The disgruntled employee took his coat and his vacation
Zeugma
favored sensory experience over intellectual appreciation, valued strong creative spirit rather than poet’s ability to follow formal structures and rules
Romantic Poets
this assessment tool allows the instructor to evaluate a student’s progress or decline; students also learn techniques for self-evaluation
conferencing
Unrhymed iambic pentameter. Bears a close resemblance to the rhythms of ordinary speech, giving poetry a natural feel. Shakespeare’s plays are written primarily in blank verse.
blank verse
unstressed, unstressed, stressed
anapestic
