Pratice Test 1

Question 1

At what time during fetal growth is the heart fully developed?

Answer 1

40 days

Question 2

On the 30th day the truncus normally divides. What anomaly occurs if the truncus doesn’t divide?

Answer 2

Truncus arterious

Question 3

The sinus venous forms everything except?

Answer 3

Pulmonary arteries

Question 4

The truncus arteriosus forms everything except ?

Answer 4

Pulmonary veins

Question 5

What are 2 normal right to left fetal shunts in fetal circulation?

Answer 5

Foramen Ovale and ductus areriosus

Question 6

Which left to right shunts is the last to close in the normal post-party period? And when does it close?

Answer 6

PFO and it closed at the end of the first week

Question 7

In normal fetal circulation, which of the following has the least amount of blood flow?

PFO
Ductus arteruosus
Aorta
Pulmonary veins

Answer 7

Pulmonary veins

Question 8

In normal fetal circulation which has the least amount of blood flow?

Pulmonary artery blood flow increases
Left atrial pressure decreases
Pulmonary resistance decreases
Forman Ovale flow decreases

Answer 8

Left atrial pressure decreases

Question 9

The fetal ductus arteriosus closes soon after birth. What structure does it become?

Answer 9

Ligamentum arteriosum

Question 10

During the cardiac cycle. Rank the structures activated in order

Bundle of his
Av node
Sa node
Left bundle branch block
Purkinjie fibers

Answer 10

Sa node
Av node
Bundle of his
left bundle branch
Purkinjie fibers

Question 11

During a resting state which of the following ions is pumped out of cells of the myocardium?

Answer 11

Sodium

Question 12

During depolarization of the myocardial cell. Which ion rushes in first and which ion rushes in later?

Answer 12

Sodium followed by calcium

Question 13

Which ion helps slow heart muscle contraction?

Answer 13

Potassium

Question 14

In the cardiac cell action potential, what phases are included in the absolute refractory period?

Answer 14

Phase 1 into phase 3

Question 15

When contracting against which of the following pressures will the velocity of the muscle cell contraction be most rapid?

75mmhg
100mmhg
125mmhg
150mmhg

Answer 15

75mmhg

Question 16

What happens to the best following a pre mature ventricular depolarization?

Beat is weaker
Beat is shorter
Best is similar
Best is stronger

Answer 16

Beat becomes stronger

Question 17

Which of the following best describes afterload?

LV end diastolic pressure
Aortic pressure
EF
LV filling

Answer 17

Aortic pressure

Question 18

In a patient with a VSD, which of the following sites will provide a measure of pulmonic flow?

TV
MV
AV
SVC

Answer 18

MV

Question 19

Stimulation of the vagus nerve will result in?

Increased heart rate
Increases cardiac arrhythmias
Increased LV systolic pressure
Increased R-R interval

Answer 19

Increased R-R interval

Question 20

During the cardiac cycle which valve event most closely follows the p wave?

AV closure
MV opening
TV closure
Pulmonic valve opening

Answer 20

TV closure

Question 21

What hemodyanmic event follows the p wave ?

Atrial systole
Isovolumic contraction
Isovolumuc relaxation
Aortic regur

Answer 21

Atrial systole

Question 22

What hemodyanmic event follows the R-wave on the EKG?

Atrial systole
Isovolumic contraction
Isovolumuc relaxation
Aortic regur

Answer 22

Isovolumertic contraction

Question 23

During the cardiac cycle, which valve event most closely follows the T wave ?

AV closing
MV opening
TV closing
PV opening

Answer 23

AV closure

Question 24

What hemodyanmic event follows the T wave on EKG?

MR
AS
Isovolumic contraction
Isovolumic relaxation

Answer 24

Isovolumic relaxation

Question 25

True or false: the hemodymanic evaluation of aortic stenosis is performed during diastole

Answer 25

False

Question 26

True or false: the hemodyanmic evaluation of Tricuspid stenosis is performed during diastole?

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True or false: the hemodyanmic evaluation of pulmonic regur is performed during diastole?

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Which flow pattern is most likely the longest ? MS MR AS PI

Answer 28

PI

Question 29

Which of the following grades represents a murmur that is most faint ? 3 of 6 2 of 6 6 of 6 5 of 6

Answer 29

2 of 6

Question 30

A thrill is most likely associated with which of the following murmurs? Grade 1/6 Grade 2/6 Grade 3/6 Grade 5/6

Answer 30

5/6

Question 31

What is a typical or normal value for hematocrit? 20% 30% 40% 80%

Answer 31

40%

Question 32

What is the typical valve for mean left atrial pressure? 5mmhg 10mmhg 15mmhg 20mmhg

Answer 32

10mmhg

Question 33

What is the typical valve for mean right atrial pressure? 5mmhg 10mmhg 15mmhg 20mmhg

Answer 33

5mmhg

Question 34

What is the normal 02 sat for pulmonary artery? 100% 0% 50% 75%

Answer 34

75%

Question 35

What is the normal 02 sat for pulmonary veins? 100% 0% 50% 75%

Answer 35

100%

Question 36

During systole,the aortic and left ventricular pressures are quite different? What is this finding indicative of? AR MS MR AS

Answer 36

AS

Question 37

During diastole, the right atrial pressure is much higher than right ventricular pressure. What does this indicate? MS AS PS TS

Answer 37

TS

Question 38

What is the minimum length of time that echo records must be kept?

Answer 38

7 years

Question 39

Normally, how much fluid is found in the pericardial sac? 10cc 40cc 70cc 100cc

Answer 39

40cc