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Biology P1 > Praticals + Need To Know > Flashcards

Praticals + Need To Know Flashcards

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1
Q

What can HIV be controlled with

A

Antiretroviral drugs

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2
Q

What is a Vector

A

An organism that spreads disease

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3
Q

Properties of phloem tubes

A

Small pores allow cell sap to go through
Transport sugars made in leaves
unidirectional
Translocation

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4
Q

Properties of Xylem Tubes

A

Made of dead cells
Strengthened with lignin
Carry water from roots to leaves
Transpiration
Bio directional

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5
Q

What is the practical for photosynthesis

A

1) Put pondweed in test tube
Add Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate cut stem at angle
Invert and put in a beaker ensuring no air at top
2) Position Lamp on distance using metre rule wait 1 Min for plant to adjust to light intensity start stop clock count bubbbles

3) Change distance and repeat

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6
Q

What is the practical for PH on enzymes

A

1) Measure out Starch + amylase
Place separately in water bath with buffer solution prepare spotting tile with iodine drops
2) Every 10s put mixture in iodine solution if iodine changes there’s is starch
3) Repeat at different PH / Buffer solutions

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7
Q

What’s the practical for osmosis

A

1) Cut equal cylinders from potatoe remove excess water weigh using top pan balance
2) Place each in test tube with diff conc of sugar solution leave for 1 day
3) Remove cylinders dab off excess water re weigh and calculate % change in mass

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8
Q

How to test for Starch

A

Iodine solution - Turns Yellow to blue / black if present

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9
Q

How to test for Sugars

A

Use Benedict solution
Put in water bath
Turns Blue to Brick Red if present

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10
Q

How to test for Proteins

A

Use Biuret solution
Turns blue to purple

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11
Q

How to test for Fats

A

Use Ethanol
Goes colourless to cloudy white

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12
Q

What is the role of Small Intestine

A

Produces Protease amylase and lipase
Where digested food is absorbed into the blood

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13
Q

What do salivary glands do

A

Produce amylase enzyme in saliva

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14
Q

What does the liver do

A

Produce bile
Bile neutralises stomach acid
Emulsifies fats

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15
Q

Where is bile stored

A

Gall bladder

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16
Q

What is the role of the pancreas

A

Produces protease amylase and lipase
Releases them into small intestine

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17
Q

What do Alveoli do

A

Site of gas exchange little air sacs
Blood next to alveoli returns to lungs from body has lots of co2 and little oxygen
Oxygen diffusers out alveoli’s into. Blood

Carbon dioxide diffuses put blood into alveolus

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18
Q

What does right ventricle do

A

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

19
Q

What does left ventricle do

A

Takes in oxygenated blood to the other organs
Blood gives up oxygen at body cells and deoxygenated blood returns to heart

20
Q

What is a pacemaker

A

Produce small electric impulse spreads to muscle cells causing them to contract

21
Q

What’s an artificial pacemaker

A

Used to control heartbeat
Implanted under skin wire going to heart
Produces electric current for regular heart beat

22
Q

What is a double circulatory system

A

Blood enters heart twice everytime it’s pumped around the body

23
Q

Properties of alveoli

A

Thin walls (one cell thick) - short diffusion path

Large surface area - maximum exchange of gases

Moist surface - dissolving gasses can diffuse across alveolar walls

Rich blood supply - maintains conc gradient remove diffused gases

24
Q

What does right side of heart do

A

Pump deoxygenated blood to lungs

25
Q

What does left side of the heart do

A

Pump oxygenated blood to organs of body

26
Q

Drawback of Single circulatory system

A

Blood loses pressure
So blood travels to organs very slowly
Limiting oxygen

27
Q

Process of Heart

A

Blood flows into atria from vena cava and pulmonary vein
Atria contract pushing blood into ventricles
Ventricles contract forcing blood into pulmonary artery and the aorta and out of the heart
Blood flows into organs through arteries and returns through veins

28
Q

What does vena Cava do

A

Brings deoxygenated blood from the body

29
Q

What does the pulmonary artery do

A

Passes blood from heart to lungs

30
Q

What does the pulmonary vein do

A

Passes oxygenated blood from lungs to heart

31
Q

What does aorta do

A

Pumps oxygenated blood from heart to body

32
Q

Properties of Arteries

A

Carries blood away from heart
Thick walls +
Thin lumen to withstand high pressure

33
Q

Properties of capillaries

A

One cell thick walls
Allow short diffusion pathway between blood and cells

34
Q

Properties of Veins

A

Carries blood back to heart
Thin walls + Wide lumen to help blood flow in lower pressure
Valves to prevent backflow and deoxygenated blood

35
Q

What are villi

A

Cells in ur small intestine absorb nutrients into blood stream

Hair like shape means they have large surface area maximising rate of absorption

One cell thick short diffusion path
Steep conc gradient - blood capillaries

36
Q

Process of Mitosis

A

1) Genetic Material Duplicated , nucleus dissolves

2) 2 sets of chromosomes line up in middle, then pulled apart to opposite poles

3) mitochondria and ribosomes r duplicated new membranes formed around 2 sets of chromosomes to make new nucleui

4) Cell divides producing genetically identical diploid cell

37
Q

Cerebral Cortex functions

A

Memory
Problem solving
Speech

38
Q

Cerebellum functions

A

Movement
Balance
Coordination

39
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Signals to adrenal glands to release adrenaline
Heart and breathing rate

40
Q

Spongey Mespohyll

A

Gaps for gas exchange for diffusion
Large SA

41
Q

Waxy cuticle

A

Waterproof stop water loss from top of leaf

42
Q

Upper epedermis

A

Transparent let’s light come through

43
Q

Palisade Mesophyll

A

Most photosynthesis takes place here

Biology P1 (1 decks)

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