Pragmatics

Question 1

Implicature

Answer 1

An implied meaning that has to be inferred as a result of a conversational maximum being broken

Question 2

Inference

Answer 2

The understanding of implied meanings

Question 3

Irony

Answer 3

Using language to signal an attitude other than what has been literally expressed

Question 4

Deixis

Answer 4

Words that are context bound where meaning depends on who is using them and where and when they are being used

Question 5

Speech acts

Answer 5

Communicative acts that carry meaning beyond the words and phrases used within them for example apologies and promises

Question 6

Politeness

Answer 6

The awareness of other’s needs to be approved of and liked and/or given freedom to express their own identity and choices

Question 7

Face

Answer 7

The concept of how all communication relies on presenting a “face” to listeners and audiences and the management of positive and negative face needs contribute to interaction

Question 8

Cooperative principles

Answer 8

In conversation : how interaction is generally based upon various kinds of cooperative behaviour between speakers.