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Serology practicum > practicum > Flashcards

practicum Flashcards

1
Q

What is labeled in the direct fluorescent antibody test?

A

The known Ab

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2
Q

what is the clinical significance of ELISA?

A

Enzyme labled Ag competes w/ unlabeled pt Ag for binding sites on Ab molecules. More pt Ag = less enzyme labeled Ag to attach.

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3
Q

what is the clinical significance of complement fixation test?

A

If lysis occurs in stage 2, complement did not fix during stage 1.

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4
Q

principle/clinical significance of FTA-ABS

A
  • specific for syphillis
  • pt. serum is absorbed with extract of nonpathogenic Reiter treponeme to remove nonspecific treponomel Ab.
  • Nichols strain of T. Pallidium allowed to react with pt. serum.
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5
Q

significance of the Davidson test

A
  • anti-sheep Abs after absorption with guinea pig kidney

* a pos. reaction is indicated by complete removal of anti-sheep agglutinins by guinea pig kidney.

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6
Q

what is the significance of the RA test

A

Rheumatoid factor

EIA technique or nephelometric assay used to test for IgG or IgA isotypes (rarely occur in other diseases)

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7
Q

what is the significance of ANA test

A

SLE (lupus)

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8
Q

Are cells seperated before or after they are incubated when looking for cold agglutinins?

A

After incubation

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9
Q

what is the causative agent of syphilis?

A

Treponema Pallidum

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10
Q

what is the causative agent of mononucleosis?

A

Epstein Barr virus (herpes)

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11
Q

which class of immunoglobulins are produced 1st after exposure to Ag

A

IgM

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12
Q

which class of immunoglobulins are found in the greatest concentration?

A

IgG

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13
Q

which class of immunoglobulins are in the greatest concentration after 2nd Ag exposure?

A

IgG

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14
Q

which class of immunoglobulins are associated with allergic reactions?

A

IgE

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15
Q

define heterophile Ab

A
  • Forssman Ab must be removed from pt. serum before testing b/c it causes questionable results.
  • Forssman Ab removed by guinea pig kidney
  • Non-forssman type Ab are removed with Beef RBCs.
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16
Q

what is the Paul-Bunnell presumptive test?

A

agglutination of 2% seep RBCs by all heterophile Ab in pt. serum. Pos. for IM Ab, Forssman Ab and serum sickness Ab. Pos. test followed by Davidson Differential to confirm IM.

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17
Q

what are the results of the davidson differential test in IM Abs?

A

Absorbed by guinea pig kidney: NO

Absorbed by Beef RBCs: YES

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18
Q

what are the davidson differential characteristics of Forssman Abs.

A

Absorbed by guinea pig kidney: NO

Absorbed by Beef RBCs: YES

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19
Q

what is a reagin?

A

Ab formed against lipid material from damaged cells (syphillis)

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20
Q

what is an anamnestic response?

A

secondary response to Ag

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21
Q

what is the the prozone?

A

Ab excess

22
Q

what is the postzone?

A

Ag excess

23
Q

what is FC?

A

It activates complement

24
Q

what is passive immunity?

A

passed through mothers milk

25
Q

what is acquired immunity?

A

natural exposure of vaccination

26
Q

what is adoptive immunity?

A

host from an immune donor

27
Q

what results are seen in syphilis with a biological false pos.?

A

tests detect Ab in serum that can be caused by agents other than syphilis

28
Q

what sample is used for RPR?

A

serum or plasma

29
Q

what samples can be used for VDRL?

A

serum or CSF

30
Q

what are the complement cascade subcomponents?

A

qrs

31
Q

what is the complement cascade?

A

C1, C4, C2, C3, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9

32
Q

in the complement cascade C2 requires what to form?

A

Ca+

33
Q

in the complement cascade C8, C9 require what to form?

A

Mg 3+

34
Q

what is the most abundant in the cascade?

A

C#

35
Q

C4 and C2 require what to form C3?

A

Mg 3+

36
Q

immunoglobulin classes that bind complement?

A

IgM (1 molecule needed)

IgG (2 molecules needed)

37
Q

What type of immunity are B cells responsible for?

A

Humoral immunity-synthesis & release of Ab into blood & body fluids, directly neturalizes Ag.

38
Q

what type of immunity are T cells responsible for?

A

Cellular immunity- production of sensitized lymphocytes & their products (lymphokines)

39
Q

state the titer # that indicates immunity to rubella

A

10

40
Q

if an individual is vaccinated for rubella, name the type of immunity this is.

A

active immunity

41
Q

what is the special handling for cold agglutinins?

A

keep blood sample at 37C until serum & cells seperate

42
Q

List the correct order of appearance of specific markers (Ab/Ag) for Hep B

A 
HBsAg
HBeAg
IgM anti-HBc
anti-HBe
anti-HBs
s, e, c, e, s
43
Q

which hepatitis marker indicates the pt. is in the early stages of recovery?

A

anti-HBe

44
Q

what are the modes of transmission for different hep viruses?

A

fecal-oral

blood borne

45
Q

test most widely used to detect HIV antibody

A

ELISA

46
Q

how long on average does it take for an individual to develop HIV Abs after exposure to HIV virus?

A

6-12 weeks

47
Q

what is the RAST test used for?

A

IgE (determines allergies)

48
Q

multiple myeloma commonly involves which immunoglobulin class?

A

IgG

49
Q

what is the main barrier against foreign particle invasion into the body?

A

skin

50
Q

what is the window phase in HIV testing?

A

the length of time after infection that it takes for the virus to become detectable by HIV test.

Serology practicum (1 decks)

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