Practicum #2 Flashcards
Five bone shape classes
Long, short, flat, sesamoid, and irregular
Types of bone markings
Depressions, openings, and projections
List the four depressions
Fossa, fovea, facet, groove/sulcus
Define groove/sulcus
Long indentation where a narrow structure travels.
Example is interterbecular groove on proximal end of humerus
Define fossa
Indentation in a bone where another structure fits.
Example would be on distal epiphysis of humerus on anterior side
Define fovea
Shallow pit.
Example is fovea capitis on head of femur
Define facet
Concex or concave surface where two bones articulate.
Example would be posterior side of vertebra on either side of spinous process
What are the three opening types
Fissure, foramen, canal/meatus
Define fissure
Narrow slit in bone or between adjacent parts of bone.
Example is superior orbital fissures of the sphenoid
Define foramen
Hole in a bone.
Example is foramen magnum in skull
Define canal/meatus
Tunnel through bone.
Example would be external acoustic meatus (ear canal)
What are the ten projections
Condyle, crest, head, tubercle/tuberosity, epicondyle, process, spine, protuberance, trochanter, and line
Define condyle
Rounded end of bone that articulate as with another bone
Example is the mandibular condyle
Define crest
Ridge or projection.
Example is anterior crest of the tibia. Goes down entire length of diaphysis. What you feel when you feel your “shin bone”
Define head
Rounded projection from an epiphysis.
Define tubercle and tuberosity
Tubercle: small, rounded bony projection
Example is greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus (proximal end)
Tuberosity: larger tubercle
Example is the tuberosity on the humerus (about halfway down) known as the deltoid tuberosity
Define epicondyle
Small projection usually proximal to a condyle
Examples are medial and later epicondyles of the distal end of humerus
Define process
Prominent bony projection
Examples are coracoid process on anterior side of scapula and acromian process of scapula
Define spine
Sharp process
Define protuberance
Outgrowth from a bone
Define trochanter
Large projection (only found on femur)
Define line
Long and narrow ridge
Removing the inorganic matrix of bone would do what?
Make it flexible and unable to resist compressions
Removing the organic matrix of bone would do what?
Make it brittle and shatter easily
