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VTNE > Practice Tests > Flashcards

Practice Tests Flashcards

1
Q 
The daily maintence energy requirement (kcal) for a 4 kg cat is:
A. 150
B. 220
C. 300
D. 360
A

B. 220

Dogs= 95-130 kcal/ kg/ day
Cats= 200-250 kcal daily
RER= 70 X BWkg ^ 0.75
MER= 1.6 X RER
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2
Q 
Which of the following is used primarily to vent waste gasses?
A. Flush Valve
B. Vaporizer
C. Scavenger
D. Flow Meter
A

C. Scavenger
Flush Valve delivers fresh oxygen to the common gas outlet bypassing the vaporizer.
Vaporizer- Isoflurane, volatizes the liquid anesthetic to a gas
Scavenger collects the anesthesia machines waste gases and disposes of them properly
Flow meter- controls the rate that a carrier gas is delivered.

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3
Q

When the symbol RX is seen on a drug description, it indicates the drug:
A. Contains radioactive materials and must be handled as a biohazard.
B. Is a potential abuse drug and may require special record keeping and storage.
C. Has been manufactured to standards approved for the use in North America.
D. Is available only by prescription from a licensed veterinarian.

A

D. Is available only by prescription from a licensed veterinarian.

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4
Q 
Isopropyl alcohol is most effective as a germicidal agent when used in aqueous solution at a concentration of:
A. 50%
B. 70%
C. 95%
D. 100%
A

B. 70%

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5
Q 
In a dog, assessment of the gingival sulcus depth should be performed during the dental prophylaxis with:
A. The point of the curette.
B. An ultrasonic scaler tip.
C. A periodontal probe.
D. Dental Radiography.
A

C. A periodontal probe

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6
Q

The canine cervix is located between the:
A. Ovaries and the horn of the uterus.
B. Vagina and the vulva
C. Vagina and the body of the uterus.
D. Ovaries and the uterine tubes (oviducts).

A

C. Vagina and the body of the uterus

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7
Q 
Arterial blood gas may provide erroneous results if it is:
A. Allowed to clot
B. Ran immediately
C. Stored on ice for 1 hour.
D. Void of room air
A

A. Allowed to clot

ABG (Arterial blood gas)

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8
Q 
The type of fracture that commonly affects young, growing animals and can result in limb deformities is called:
A. Comminuted
B. Transverse
C. Salter-Harris
D. T-Fracture
A

C. Salter-Harris

Comminuted fracture is a break or splinter of the bone into more than two fragments.
Transverse fracture is a break at a right angle to the long plate of the bone
Salter-Harris involves the epiphyseal plate or growth plate of the bone
T-Fracture is when a bone splits both longitudinally and transversely.

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9
Q 
Mandibular molars are commonly radiographed using which technique?
A. Lateral cranial
B. Bisecting angle
C. Caudorostral oblique
D. Parallel
A

D. Parallel

Parallel technique is used for mandibular premolar and molar teeth
Bisecting Angle is used for maxillary teeth and mandibular canine incisors

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10
Q 
Which of the following collection techniques will provide a urine sample that is free of contaminates for bacterial culture?
A. Free Flow
B. Cystocentesis
C. Catheterization
D. Manual expression
A

B. Cystocentesis

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11
Q 
Which active ingredient controls flea populations by breaking the life cycle at the egg stage?
A. Selamectin
B. Fipronil
C. Imidacloprid
D. Lufenuron
A

D. Lufenuron

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12
Q

The benefit of selective COX-2 inhibitors in the treatment of inflammation is they:
A. Have anti-inflammatory properties, but do not after the gastric protection provided by COX-1
B. Are antiemetic and antidiarrheal
C. Cause platelet aggregation
D. Do not cross the placenta

A

A. Have anti-inflammatory properties, but do not after the gastric protection provided by COX-1

COX-1’s primary role is to protect the stomach and intestines and contribute to blood clotting. COX-1 and COX-2 contribute to pain, fever, and inflammation.

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13
Q 
The most appropriate position to recover cattle from general anesthesia is:
A. Sternal Recumbency
B. Dorsal Recumbency
C. Right lateral recumbency
D. Left lateral recumbency
A

A. Sternal recumbency
If bovine must be placed into lateral recumbency it should always be on their right side, being on the right side allows you to monitor the patient for bloat. Place cattle in sternal position when ever possible.

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14
Q 
Which of the following drugs could add to the adverse effects of chocolate toxicity?
A. Acepromazine
B. Theophylline
C. Propranolol
D. Apomorphine
A

B. Theophylline

Theophylline because the drug affects the CNS causes excitement chocolate causes high heart rate and extra energy.

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15
Q 
A rodenticide that can depress clotting factors for 3-4 weeks is:
A. Brodifacoum
B. Warfarin
C. Bromethalin
D. Cholecalciferol
A

A. Brodifacoum

Brodifacoum can continue to be detectable in serum for up to 24 days.

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16
Q 
A rabbit presents with otoacariasis. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent?
A. Psoroptes cuniculi
B. Otodectes cynotis
C. Cheyletiella yuasguri
D. Sarcoptes scabiei
A

A. Psoroptes cuniculi
Otoacariasis- presence of ticks and mites within ear canal
Psoroptes cuniculi- mites in rabbits
Otodectes cynotis- mites in cats and some dogs
Cheyletiella yuasguri- mite most commonly in dogs
Sarcoptes scabiei- skin mite

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17
Q 
During a manufacturing shortage of Dichlorvos, which of the following drugs could a veterinarian prescribe as a substitute in the same drug class?
A. Milbemycin Oxime
B. Levamisole
C. Trichlorfon
D. Pyrantel pamote
A

A. Milbemycin Oxime
Dichlorvos treats intestinal parasites rounds, hooks, and whips.
Milbemycin Oxime- treats rounds, hooks, whips, and heartworms
Levamisole- roundworms only
Trichlorfon- external parasites
Pyrantel pamote- rounds and hooks

18
Q 
Which of the following is known as the Wolf tooth in an equine?
A. Canine
B. First premolar
C. Corner incisor
D. First molar
A

B. First premolar

19
Q 
Which is the best option for long term pain management of hip dysplasia in an 8-year-old golden retriever with Cushing's Disease?
A. NSAID'S
B. Opioids
C. Alpha 2 agonists
D. Corticosteroids
A

A. NSAID’S
NSAID’s are long term pain and inflammation control
Opioids are used to treat severe surgical pain and may also be used in advanced cases of cancer or to control severe arthritis pain.
Alpha- 2 agonists provide sedation, analgesia, muscle relaxation and anti-anxiety
Coricosteroids are steroids have anti-inflammatory properties.

20
Q 
The proper needle placement for a lumbar myelogram is between the:
A. 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae
B. 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae
C. 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae
D. 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae
A

D. 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae

21
Q 
Which of the following is the most likely source of bovine viral diarrhea in a herd of cattle?
A. Wildlife
B. Contaminated feed
C. Persistently infected animals
D. Contaminated water
A

C. Persistently infected animals

22
Q 
Which exposure factor primarily controls the quantity of x-rays produced?
A. Time
B. kVp
C. mA
D. SID
A

C. mA

23
Q 
Which bacterial disease is spread by contaminated humans or objects and is easily transmitted between horses?
A. Strangles
B. Tetanus
C. Thrush
D. Piroplasmosis
A

A. Strangles

24
Q 
The strongest analgesia is achieved by drugs that stimulate which of the following receptors?
A. Delta
B. Kappa
C. Mu
D. Sigma
A

C. Mu

25
Q 
If a fentanyl transdermal patch is being used to deliver long term analgesia, which of the following would inhibit the analgesic effect?
A. Butorphanol
B. Hydromorphone
C. Morphine
D. Dexmedetomidine
A

A. Butorphanol

Butorphanol and fentanyl fight against each other, acts as a plug to not let certain receptors work.

26
Q 
The coggins test is used to detect which equine disease?
A. Equine influenza
B. Viral arteritis
C. Viral encephalitis
D. Infectious anemia
A

D. Infectious anemia

27
Q 
Sedation ordered for a 13-lb (5.91 kg) cat at 11 mg/kg is supplied as a liquid with a concentration of 100 mg/ml, What volume is needed for this patient?
A. 0.65 ml
B. 0.88 ml
C. 1.25 ml
D. 1.43 ml
A

A. 0.65

28
Q 
The average gestation period in a hamster is approximately:
A. 9 days
B. 16 days
C. 24 days
D. 30 days
A

B. 16 days
Cat= 64 days Cow= 279-292 Dog= 58-65 average 61
Goat= 145-155 Horse= 330-342 Mouse= 19 days
Pig= 112-115 Rabbit= 28-35 Rat= 21-23 days
Hamster= 16-23 days.

29
Q 
Which of the following suture patterns is considered continuous?
A. Vertical mattress
B. Cruciate
C. Horizontal mattress
D. Ford interlocking
A

D. Ford interlocking
Single stitch Continuous

Simple interrupted Simple continuous
Vertical mattress Ford interlocking
Horizontal mattress Continuous subcuticular
Cruciate Continuous horizontal
mattress

30
Q

Which of the following could be seen in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis?
A. Hyperinsulinemia, increased potassium levels
B. Hypoinsulinemia, decreased potassium levels
C. Hyperglycemia, alkalosis
D. Hypoglycemia, acidosis

A

B. Hypoinsulinemia, decreased potassium levels
Occurs when there is not enough insulin in the body to control blood sugar (glucose) levels.
Diabetic ketoacidosis a condition that can lead to diabetic coma. When your cells dont get the glucose they need for energy, your body begins to burn fat for energy, which produces ketones.

31
Q

The correct order for the steps in the pain pathway is
A. Modulation, transmission, transduction, and perception
B. Transmission, transduction, perception, and modulation
C. Perception, modulation, transmission, and transduction
D. Transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception

A

D. Transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception

32
Q 
How often should a geriatric dog with chronic osteoarthritis be evaluated?
A. Every month
B. Every six months
C. Every 12 months
D. Evaluation not needed
A

A. Every month

33
Q 
Long-acting barbiturates are administered to dogs and cats as:
A. Anthelmintics
B. Analgesics
C. Anticholinergics
D. Anticonvulsants
A

D. Anticonvulsants

Barbiturates is a class of sedative and sleep-inducing drugs derived from barbituric acid.
Anthelmintic- used to destroy parasitic worms
Analgesics- pain medications
Anticholinergics- inhibiting the physiological action of acetylcholine, especially as a neurotransmitter
Anticonvulsant- used to prevent or reduce the severity of epileptic fits or anticonvulsants

34
Q 
To maximally improve visualization during an abdominal exploratory procedure, which retractor should be used?
A. Balfour
B. Senn
C. Gelpi
D. US Army
A

A. Balfour
Balfour- holds abdomen open
Senn- Manual tissue retractor, one of the tips has 3 sharp hooks
Gelpi- hold back underlying organs
US Army- used to expose surface layers of skin

35
Q 
The part of the control panel on a standard X-ray machine that provides manual adjustment of the transformer to allow for inconsistent electrical output in the:
A. Voltage compensator
B. Kilovoltage selector
C. Timer
D. Exposure Button
A

A. Voltage compensator
Voltmeter measures the voltage of electrical current and voltage compensator allows adjustment of voltage.
Kilovoltage selector allows precise selection of desired Kv.
Timer and exposure button are the quantity of x-rays reaching the film is directly related to the x-ray tube current and the time for which the tube is energized.

36
Q 
Which of the following drugs is used to suppress a cough?
A. Anti-inflammatory
B. Antihistamine
C. Anticholinergic
D. Antitussive
A

D. Antitussive
Anti-inflammatory used for pain/inflammation/ decrease fever/ prevents blood clots. Post operative pain/ osteoarthritis
Antihistamines used for allergy medication for itchy pets
Anticholinergic used for anesthesia, used to increase heart rate atropine/ glycopyrrolate
Antitussive- opiates or opioids that directly suppress the cough center in the medulla oblongota

37
Q

Which would be an appropriate action to take if a patient is hypothermic (less than 95- degree F) during anesthesia?
A. Administer an anticholinergic
B. Increase the intravenous fluid rate
C. Decrease the oxygen flow to the minimum requirement
D. Increase manual ventilations to the patient.

A

C. Decrease the oxygen flow to the minimum requirement

38
Q

In a dog or cat, the spleen is located on the:
A. Left side of the abdomen dorsal to the kidney
B. Right side of the abdomen just caudal to the liver
C. Right side of the abdomen ventral to the bladder
D. Left side of the abdomen just caudal to the stomach

A

D. Left side of the abdomen just caudal to the stomach

39
Q 
Where is the best site to administer intramuscular injections to swine?
A. Lumbar muscles
B. Muscles of the neck caudal to the ear
C. Hamstring muscles
D. Pectoral muscles
A

B. Muscles of the neck caudal to the ear

Giving swine or cattle injections in the neck is best for food processing issues.

40
Q 
A dorsoventral intraoral skull view is indicated for examination of the:
A. Temporomandibular joint
B. Mandible
C. Foramen magnum
D. Maxilla
A

D. Maxilla
Dorsoventral intraoral skull view= x-ray maxilla
Ventral dorsal intraoral skull view= x-ray mandible
Panoramic radiology= temporomandibular joint

41
Q 
On a Gram-stained smear, Streptococcus equi organisms appear as:
A. Gram-negative rods
B. Gram-positive cocci
C. Gram- negative cocci
D. Gram- positive rods
A

B. Gram-positive cocci

Gram-positive= blue/purple Gram-negative= pink/red
Gram- positive cocci always have coccus in their name.

42
Q

After a horse has been sedated with xylazine, the veterinary technician should instruct the owner to:
A. Remove lead shanks and any other form of physical restraint for the horse.
B. Avoid the rear of the animal because the horse may still kick if stimulated.
C. Not feed hay for 12 hours after the initial administration of the sedative
D. Avoid lifting the head up because it may cause the horse to lose balance.

A

B. Avoid the rear of the animal because the horse may still kick if stimulated.

VTNE (1 decks)

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