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PRACTICE TEST: SAFe 4 Practitioner Certification Flashcards

PRACTICE TEST: SAFe 4 Practitioner Certification

1
Q

What are the SAFe Core Values?

  • Code Quality, Fast Feedback, Alignment, Trust
  • Built-in Quality, Program Execution, Alignment, Transparency
  • Commitment, Competency, Collocation, Culture
  • People and Culture, Transparency, Collaboration, Responding to Change
A

QPAT

Built-in Quality, Program Execution, Alignment, Transparency

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2
Q

During Iteration Execution, a team’s velocity tends to be most affected by what?

  • Changing financial planners, a new Scrum Master, or new testers
  • Changing team size, team makeup, and technical context
  • Product Owner changes, changing estimations, and new features
  • Productivity changes, team location, and innovation measures
A

Changing team size, team makeup, and technical context

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3
Q

Which statement describes one element of the CALMR approach to DevOps?

  • Decentralize decision making
  • Build cross-functional Agile Release Trains around the flow of value to the customer
  • Keep everything under version control
  • Establish a work environment of shared responsibility
A

Establish a work environment of shared responsibility

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4
Q

Which statement is true about Iteration planning for Kanban teams?

  • Kanban teams do not commit to Service Level Agreements
  • Kanban teams find high value in trying to plan the Iteration in detail
  • Kanban teams estimate their velocity
  • Kanban teams publish Iteration Goals
A

Kanban teams publish Iteration Goals

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5
Q

When should a component team be used?

  • To gain the fastest velocity with well-defined interfaces
  • To develop T-shaped skills together with continuous integration
  • To obtain high reuse and technical specialization with a focus on Non-functional Requirements
  • To create each replaceable component with minimized dependencies
A

To obtain high reuse and technical specialization with a focus on Non-functional Requirements

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6
Q

What visibility should Scrum Masters provide during the Agile Release Train Sync?

  • Visibility into single source design decisions
  • Visibility into collaboration deployment
  • Visibility into progress and impediments
  • Visibility into System Solution Intent
A

Visibility into progress and impediments

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the Iteration Review?

  • To serve as a forecasting meeting where the work is estimated for the Program Increments
  • To identify where there is too much work in the system and where the teams are being overloaded
  • To show the backlog items and work on possible solutions for the backlog items
  • To measure the team’s progress by showing working Stories to the stakeholders and getting feedback from them
A

To measure the team’s progress by showing working Stories to the stakeholders and getting feedback from them

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8
Q

Which statement is true about the PI Planning event?

  • It involves Product Management and Product Owners on the first day and the rest of the teams on the second day
  • It involves only the team members who are most qualified to estimate the work
  • It involves Program Portfolio Management to prioritize the Stories presented by teams during the final plan review
  • It involves everyone in the Program over a two-day period
A

It involves everyone in the Program over a two-day period

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9
Q

What is the role of the Release Train Engineer?

  • To serve as the content authority at the Program level
  • To serve as the Scrum Master for the Agile Release Train
  • To coach teams to improve their results
  • To ensure the technical integrity of all development in the Agile Release Train
A

To serve as the Scrum Master for the Agile Release Train

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10
Q

What is the role of the Scrum Master?

  • To be a stakeholder who has the primary business and technical responsibility for fitness for use
  • To coordinate Portfolio Epics through the Portfolio Kanban system
  • To act as a servant leader who helps teams self-organize, self-manage, and deliver using effective Agile practices
  • To facilitate Agile Release Train processes and Solution Train execution
A

To act as a servant leader who helps teams self-organize, self-manage, and deliver using effective Agile practices

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11
Q

What replaces detailed requirements documents?

  • Pair work
  • Unit tests
  • Stories
  • Task boards
A

Stories

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12
Q

What is typically included in the Definition of Done for the team increment?

  • Stories are accepted by Product Management
  • Completed features meet acceptance criteria
  • Regression testing is done
  • Stories are accepted by the Product Owner
A

Stories are accepted by the Product Owner

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13
Q

Quality is first and foremost a function of what in a Lean-Agile environment?

  • Deployment
  • Empowered solution authority
  • Culture
  • Capacity allocation
A

Culture

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14
Q

What is one of the typical Kanban classes of service for Agile teams?

  • Review
  • Fixed-date
  • Accepted
  • Funnel
A

Answer: Fixed date

  • Standard – Represents the baseline class of service, applicable to work items that are neither expedited or fixed date. Most backlog items should fall into this category. The CoD is linear for standard items, meaning that value cannot be achieved until delivery occurs, but there’s no fixed-date requirement.
  • Fixed date – Describes work items that must be delivered on or before a specific date. Typically, the COD of these items is nonlinear and is highly sensitive to small changes in the delivery date; these must be actively managed to mitigate the schedule risk. Therefore, these items are pulled into development when necessary to be finished on time. Some items may require additional analysis to refine the expected lead time. Some need to be reclassified as expedite if the team falls behind.
  • Expedite – An expedite backlog item has an unacceptable CoD and therefore requires immediate attention. It can be pulled into development, even in violation of current WIP limits. Typically, there can be only one expedite item in the system at a time, and teams may set a policy to swarm on that item to make sure it moves through the system rapidly.
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15
Q

Why do Lean-Agile Leaders try to connect the silos of business, system engineering, hardware, software, test, and quality assurance?

  • To align around value
  • To allow friction between the teams
  • To optimize vertical communication
  • To enforce organizational boundaries between functions
A

To align around value

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16
Q

Iteration Planning, Iteration Review, and Backlog Refinement are examples of which type of event?

  • Sync event
  • PI event
  • Team event
  • Program event
A

PI event

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17
Q

What are the four levels of the Scaled Agile Framework 4.5?

  • Epic, Capability, Feature, Story
  • Portfolio, Value Stream, Program, Team
  • Framework, Theme, Delivery, Iteration
  • Team, Program, Large Solution, Portfolio
A

Team, Program, Large Solution, Portfolio

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18
Q

Which factor helps unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers?

  • Autonomy
  • Pay-for-performance
  • Team performance incentives
  • Parallel development
A

Autonomy

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19
Q

What is an example of a modified Fibonacci sequence?

  • …5, 8, 13, 21, 34…
  • … 2, 4, 5, 9, 11…
  • …1, 1, 3, 5, 5…
  • …5, 8, 13, 20, 40…
A

…5, 8, 13, 20, 40…

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20
Q

Which statement reflects one of the steps for setting normalized velocity?

  • The team members assess their availability, acknowledging time off and other potential duties
  • Identify work on technical infrastructure, tooling, and other systemic impediments
  • Maintenance tasks are not required to list for velocity; maintenance tasks fall outside this scope
  • Determining velocity is a new function in each Iteration; previous Iterations should not be transferred to a new Iteration
A

The team members assess their availability, acknowledging time off and other potential duties

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21
Q

Which statement is true about Work-In-Process (WIP) limits?

  • Lower WIP limits result in fewer Stories being completed
  • Lower WIP limits improve flow
  • Higher WIP limits result in lower utilization
  • Higher WIP limits provide richer feedback
A

Lower WIP limits improve flow

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22
Q

What is the recommended size of an Agile Team?

  • 10 – 15 people
  • 5 – 9 people
  • 3 – 5 people
  • 8 – 12 people
A

5 – 9 people

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23
Q

Why is the modified Fibonacci sequence used when estimating?

  • It can be used to predict unit test coverage
  • It reflects the uncertainty in estimating larger items
  • It serves as a way to estimate large ranges
  • It results in greater precision
A

It reflects the uncertainty in estimating larger items

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24
Q

An Agile Team collects the Iteration metrics they have agreed upon during which part of the team retrospective?

  • During the features agreement retrospective
  • During the qualitative part of the team retrospective
  • During the time and materials retrospective
  • During the quantitative part of the team retrospective
A

Answer: During the quantitative part of the team retrospective

  • Quantitative review – The team assesses whether they met the Iteration Goals. This is a binary measure: yes or no. They also collect any other metrics they agreed to analyze. This should include velocity—both the portion that is available for new development and the part devoted to maintenance. Agile teams collect and apply other Iteration Metrics for visibility and to help with process improvement. This data is also the context for the qualitative section that follows.
  • Qualitative review – First the team reviews the improvement stories they had identified in the prior retrospective, and then analyzes the current process, with a focus on finding one or two things it can do better in the next iteration. Since many improvement items have a significant scope, the team should divide them into smaller improvement stories, so that they can focus on what they can improve during an iteration.
25
Q

The “3 Cs” is a popular guideline for writing user stories. What does each of the three C’s represent? (Choose three.)

  • Conform
  • Confirmation
  • Concept
  • Conversation
  • Clarification
  • Card
A
  • Card
  • Conversation
  • Confirmation
26
Q

The Agile Release Train aligns teams to a common mission using a single Vision and what else?

  • Roadmap
  • Weighted Shortest Job First
  • Continuous Integration
  • Agile Budgeting
A

Roadmap

27
Q

Which two views does the Iteration Review provide into the Program? (Choose two.)

  • How the team did on the Iteration
  • How the team is responding to the stakeholders
  • How the team is doing on the Program Increment
  • How the team is demonstrating transparency of decision-making
  • How the team is increasing empowerment
A
  • How the team did on the Iteration
  • How the team is responding to the stakeholders
28
Q

Which two statements describe the responsibilities of the Product Owner? (Choose two.)

  • To be a single voice for the customer and stakeholders
  • To ensure the team follows Agile principles and practices
  • To coach the team
  • To own and manage the team Backlog
  • To protect the team from external forces
A
  • To be a single voice for the customer and stakeholders
  • To own and manage the team Backlog
29
Q

Which three questions should each team member answer during the Daily Stand-up? (Choose three.)

  • What did I do yesterday to advance the Iteration goals?
  • How am I optimizing the full Solution?
  • Are there any impediments that will prevent the team from meeting the Iteration goals?
  • What will I do today to advance the Iteration goals?
  • How am I splitting the Solutions into Capabilities and Enablers?
  • How I am contributing to an environment of continuous change?
A
  • What did I do yesterday to advance the Iteration goals?
  • Are there any impediments that will prevent the team from meeting the Iteration goals?
  • What will I do today to advance the Iteration goals?
30
Q

What is the role of the System Architect/Engineer?

  • To implement continuous improvement methods
  • To manage dependencies
  • To define the design for the system
  • To guide the teams and support the Architectural Runway
A
  • To guide the teams and support the Architectural Runway
31
Q

A Cumulative Flow Diagram (CFD) shows how lead time and Work-in-Process evolve over time. Which curve does the CFD focus on?

  • Implementation curve (“movement”) and Departure curve (“done”)
  • Arrival curve (“to-do”) and Departure curve (“done”)
  • Arrival curve (“to do”) and Evolution curve (“change”)
  • Backlog curve (“work”) and Departure curve (“done”)
A

Arrival curve (“to-do”) and Departure curve (“done”)

32
Q

Which responsibility belongs to the Product Owner in the team?

  • To facilitate team meetings and drive Agile behavior
  • To foster normalized estimating within the team
  • To foster adoption of Agile technical practices
  • To sequence backlog items to program priorities, events, and dependencies
A

To sequence backlog items to program priorities, events, and dependencies

33
Q

What is critical to successfully implementing quality in a Lean-Agile environment?

  • Team capacity
  • Agile Release Train
  • Culture
  • A phased-gate rollout
A

Culture

34
Q

Which activity is key to successfully implementing the Scaled Agile Framework?

  • Use a cadence-based PI Planning process
  • Replace the PI Planning process with the Inspect and Adapt workshop when possible
  • Use the Innovation and Planning iteration instead of the PI Planning process
  • Remove blocks such as Portfolio estimation
A

Use a cadence-based PI Planning process

35
Q

If the PI System Demo shows the current state of the Solution, then who is this demo intended for?

  • The Business Owners
  • The Product Owner
  • The Scrum Masters
  • The Agile Team
A

The Business Owners

36
Q

What is the goal of the SAFe House of Lean model?

  • Innovation
  • Flow
  • Relentless Improvement
  • Value
A

Value

37
Q

What are two reasons Agile development is more beneficial than waterfall development? (Choose two.)

  • It allows management to track project progress based on steering committees and metrics
  • It allows businesses to deliver value to the market more quickly
  • It requires phase-gate approvals to ensure that everyone is moving together
  • It relies on external provider dependencies
  • It increases productivity and employee engagement
A
  • It allows businesses to deliver value to the market more quickly
  • It increases productivity and employee engagement
38
Q

What is the benefit of separating the release from the Solution?

  • It allows the Systems Team to integrate with ease
  • It allows Agile Teams to release on cadence
  • It allows the Agile Release Train to demo value every two weeks
  • It allows the release of different Solution elements at different times
A

It allows the release of different Solution elements at different times

39
Q

How can a technical exploration enabler be demo’ed?

  • Show the acceptance tests written for the exploration
  • Demonstrate working systems in the production environment
  • Explain how the exploration achieved its larger business objectives
  • Show the knowledge gained by the exploration
A

Show the knowledge gained by the exploration

40
Q

How does relentless improvement support value in the SAFe House of Lean?

  • It uses informed decision-making through fast feedback
  • It optimizes the whole
  • It builds long-term partnerships based on trust
  • It allows teams to pivot without mercy or guilt
A

It optimizes the whole

41
Q

Which statement describes a cadence-based PI Planning event?

  • It is not a required event but tasks move forward at higher velocity when the meeting occurs
  • It is an all-hands, two day event with the goal to identify impediments that could happen
  • It is very important and should be postponed until all participants can attend
  • As many team members as possible should attend remotely to reduce travel costs
A

It is very important and should be postponed until all participants can attend

42
Q

What is an example of a Program event?

  • Innovation and Planning
  • Daily Stand-up
  • Scrum of Scrums
  • Iteration Review
A

Scrum of Scrums

43
Q

James is a Product Owner. It is day seven of the Iteration and his team tells him that they may miss their Iteration commitment. What should James do?

  • Agree to add a person from the System Team to complete the work
  • Support splitting a Story into a coding story and a testing story, and then moving the testing story into the next Iteration
  • Support pulling a Story that has not been started
  • Support adding an Innovation and Planning Iteration directly after the current Iteration
A

Support pulling a Story that has not been started

44
Q

Which practices are demonstrated during the Inspect and Adapt event?

  • Forward focus, develop, cross-domain plan, and expedite execution
  • New start, job sequence, funnel, and enable
  • Reflect, problem solve, and identify improvement actions
  • Move forward, analyze future Stories, integrate, and iterate
A

Reflect, problem solve, and identify improvement actions

45
Q

What are the Core Values of SAFe?

A

QPAT

  1. Build-In Quality
  2. Program Execution
  3. Alignment
  4. Transparency
46
Q

What is the main focus under the SAFe House of Lean?

A

Value

47
Q

What are the four pillars that support the SAFe House of Lean?

A
  1. Respect for people and culture
  2. Flow
  3. Innovation
  4. Relentless Improvement
48
Q

What is the foundation of the SAFe House of Lean?

A

Leadership

49
Q

What is the purpose of the SAFe House of Lean?

A

Achieve the sustainably shortest lead time with:

  1. Best quality and value to people and society
  2. High morale, safety and customer delight
50
Q

What does Respect for people and culture mean?

A
  1. People do all the work
  2. Your customer is whoever consumes your work a.
    • Don’t overload them
    • b. Don’t make them wait
    • c. Don’t force them to do wasteful work
    • d. Don’t impose wishful thinking
  3. Build long-term partnerships based on trust
  4. Cultural change comes last, not first
  5. To change the culture, you have to change the organization
51
Q

What is Little’s Law

A

Average wait time = average queue length / average processing rate

52
Q

What is the power of “ba”

A

We, the work, and the knowledge are all one

  • dynamic interaction of individuals and the organization in the form of a self-organizing team; the fule of “ba” is it’s self-organizating nature
  • team members create new points of view and resolve contradictions through dialogue
  • “ba” is energized with intentions, vision, interest, and mission
  • Leaders provide automomy, variety, trust, and commitment
  • there is creative chaos via demanding performance goals
  • the team is challenged to question every norm of development
  • equal access to information at all levels is critical
53
Q

When should you lean towards Feature Teams?

A
  • fastest velocity
  • minimize dependencies
  • develop t-shaped skills
54
Q

When should you lean towards component teams?

A
  • high re-use, high technical specialization, critical NFR
  • creating each component as a “potentially replaceable part of the system, with well-defined interfaces”
55
Q

Define Solution Features for the Program Backlog

A

Features are services that fulfill user needs.

  • “Feature” is an industry-standard term familiar to marketing and Product Management
  • Expressed as a phrase, “value” is express in terms of benefits
  • Identified, prioritized, estimated, and maintained in the Program Backlog
56
Q

What 3 purposes do Iteration Goals provide?

A
  1. Align team members to a common purpose
  2. Align Program Teams to common PI Objectives and manage dependencies
  3. Provide continuous management information
57
Q

What are the siz recommended practices for Continuous Deployment (CD)?

A
  1. Maintain development and test envrionment to better match production
  2. Maintain a staging enviroment that emulates production
  3. Deploy to staging every Iteration
  4. Automate testing of features and nonfunctional requirements
  5. Automate deployment
  6. Decouple deployment from the release
58
Q

What does CALMR stand for in DevOps?

A
  • Culture: establish a culture of shared responsibility for development , deployment and operations
  • Automation: Automate the continuous delivery pipeline
  • Lean flow: Keep batch sizes small, limit WIP and provide extreme visibility
  • Measurement: Measure the flow through the pipeline. Implement application telemetry
  • Recovery: Architecture and enable low risk releases. Establish fast recovery, fast reversion, and fast fix-forward.
59
Q

What goes in a sample Iteration Review Agenda?

A
  1. Review business context and Iteration Goals.
  2. Demo and feedback of each Story, spike, refactor, and NFR
  3. Discussion of Stories not completed and why
  4. Current risks and impediments
  5. Revise team backlog and Team PI Objectives as needed

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