practice test

Question 1

A patient receiving atorvastatin therapy to reduce high cholesterol level call the clinic and reports, ‘I am experiencing severe pain in both my legs.’ what is the nurse’s best response?

Answer 1

Stop taking the drug and visit the clinic immediately.

The patient may have pain in both legs because of myopathy, an adverse effect of atorvastatin. It progresses to a life-threatening condition called rhabdomyolysis.

Question 2

which insulin should the nurse administer to supplement basal insulin to imitate the pancreatic surge of insulin that accompanies eating?

Answer 2

Insulin glulisine

Question 3

Before the nurse administers isosorbide mononitrate, what is a priority nursing assessment?

Answer 3

Assess blood pressure

Isosorbide mononitrate is vasodilator.

Question 4

the nurse is meeting to review learning objectives proposed for those orientating to a clinical support role in medication sales. Which learning activity does the nurse question for compliance with the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act?

Answer 4

Halting publication of off-label drug use findings.

Publication of off-label drug use findings is permitted by the FDA Modernization Act.

Question 5

Which is a first-line antitubercular drug?

Answer 5

Isoniazid

Question 6

The nurse know that which organ is primarily responsible for maintaining fluid volume and osmolality

Answer 6

Kidneys

Question 7

The provider has to increase the fentanyl dose for a patient who has been taking fentanyl long term to achieve pain relief. What will the nurse communicate to the oncoming shift?

Answer 7

The patient has developed tolerance.

Question 8

In what phase is the new drug released for general use, permitting observation of its effects in a large population?

Answer 8

Phase IV

Question 9

A patient is prescribed a first-generation antihistamine medication. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in the patient teaching?

Answer 9

This medication may cause drowsiness and dizziness.

Question 10

Which type allergic reaction occurs more frequently with penicillin than with any other drug?

Answer 10

Anaphylaxic

Anaphylaxis (laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe hypotension)

Question 11

The nurse is administering several different diuretics. Which drug will produce the most diuresis in a patient?

Answer 11

Furosemide

Furosemide works at the loop of Henle, and where it produces the greatest diuresis.

Question 12

When teaching the nursing student about coronary heart disease, which statement will the nurse include in the session?

Answer 12

Coronary heart disease occurs because of the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Question 13

The primary health care provider prescribes vancomycin to a patient who has a streptococcal infection. What should the nurse assess to ensure safe administration of the drug?

Answer 13

Renal function

Question 14

which interventions should the nurse implement for a patient who is prescribed a first-generation antipsychotic?

Answer 14

Instruct the patient wo change positions slowly.
Instruct the patient to avoid alcohol during therapy.
Instruct the patient not to drive until the effects of the drug are known.

Question 15

A patient with severe respiratory depression is treated in the emergency department for opioid toxicity. What drug will be used to respiratory depression in this situation?

Answer 15

Naloxone

Question 16

Which laboratory reports should the nurse evaluate if the patient is administered vancomycin and tobramycin?

Answer 16

serum creatinine

Question 17

A nurse is assessing a child with an inadequate intake of vitamin D. which condition will the nurse monitor for in this child?

Answer 17

Rickets

Question 18

The nurse administers varicella virus vaccine to a child. which type of drug will the nurse advise the parent to avoid giving the child for 6 weeks following vaccination?

Answer 18

Aspirin

This precaution is based on the risk of developing Reye’s syndrome.

Question 19

Which structure is found in the inner ear?

Answer 19

semicircular canals

Question 20

A patient cannot take oral cyanocobalamin. which is an appropriate intervention?

Answer 20

administer intranasal cyanocobalamin

Question 21

a patient is prescribed levorphanol to treat chronic pain. Why does the nurse instruct the patient to increase fluid intake while taking levorphanol?

Answer 21

to prevent the risk of constipation

Question 22

what interventions does the nurse implement for a patient who is prescribed a benzodiazepine for anxiety?

Answer 22

teach relaxation methods
instruct the patient not to drive during therapy.
instruct the patient to change positions slowly.
teach the patient to avoid alcohol during therapy.

Question 23

Which antiretroviral medication is suitable for administration through the subcutaneous route?

Answer 23

Enfuvirtide

Enfuvirtide is the only available antiretroviral medication available that can be administered by subQ route.

Question 24

which antiprotozoal drug is effective for the treatment of trichomoniasis

Answer 24

Metronidazole

Question 25

The patient who has tuberculosis is treated with isoniazid. The nurse should monitor for which symptoms that could indicate a vitamin B6 deficiency caused by the medication?

Answer 25

Numbness and tinging in the fingers and toes.

Dose-related peripheral neuropathy is the most common adverse effect of isoniazid.

Question 26

a patient presents to the clinic with a urinary tract infection. the nurse anticipates an antibacterial medication that is effective against which organism to be prescribed?

Answer 26

Escherichia coli

Question 27

in which part of the ear are cochlea and semicircular canals located?

Answer 27

Inner

Question 28

The drug manufacturer has prepared an investigational new drug application. After which phase will the manufacturer submit the application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for approval?

Answer 28

Phase III

Question 29

which antilipemic medication reduces serum cholesterol by inhibiting its absorption in the small intestine?

Answer 29

Ezetimibe

The only cholesterol absorption inhibitor on the U.S. market, is effective in lowering total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglyceride levels.

Question 30

which cardiovascular finding does the nurse identify as a possible adverse effect of erythromycin therapy?

Answer 30

Prolonged QT interval

When present in high levels, erythromycin can prolong the QT interval, causing a potentially fatal ventricular dysrhythmia.

Question 31

A patient with human immunodeficiency virus who began treatment with abacavir 4 weeks ago presents with fever, rash, nausea, and a cough. Which is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 31

fever

Question 32

A patient was recently prescribed fluphenazine for schizophrenia. once the patient’s symptoms are being controlled, what should the nurse tell the patient?

Answer 32

your healthcare provider will lower your dose of medication

Question 33

A patient who takes multiple antibiotics starts to experience diarrheal stools. the nurse anticipates administration of which antibiotic if a stool sample tests positive for Clostridium difficile?

Answer 33

Metronidazole

The treatment of choice for antibiotic-associated colitis cause by C. Diff

Question 34

the nurse should teach a patient at risk of developing progressive vision loss from dry ate-related macular degeneration (ARMD_ to increase the dietary intake of which nutrients?

Answer 34

Antioxidants and zinc

Question 35

In the case of an inhalational anthrax attack, the nurse would prepare for how many days of antibiotic treatment, including intravenous and by mouth, for affected adults?

Answer 35

60

Question 36

Which benzodiazepine has rapid onset, is short acting, relieves anxiety, and provides sedation before and during procedures?

Answer 36

Midazolam

Used during the preoperative period to relieve anxiety, proved sedation, and help induce general anesthesia.

Question 37

An unlicensed assistive personnel staff member asks the nurse how the blood gets back to the heart. How should the nurse respond?

Answer 37

By way of the venous pump.

Question 38

Melanin provides protection against ultraviolet radiation through which layer of the skin

Answer 38

basal layer of the epidermis

Question 39

A patient who recently returned from South America is admitted with suspected vivax malaria. Which symptoms does the nurse expect to find upon assessing the patient?

Answer 39

chills
fever
diaphoresis

Question 40

the nurse caring for patient with cystic fibrosis is preparing to administer a transmembrane regulator modifier. for which adverse effects will the nurse monitor the patient?

Answer 40

nausea
dyspnea
diarrhea
nasal congestion

Question 41

which is an environmental factor that affects the patient’s response to a medication?

Answer 41

diet

Question 42

the nurse is assessing a patient with huntington’s disease for chorea. which finding will the nurse observe that confirms the chorea?

Answer 42

continuous movements of the whole body

Question 43

the nurse is assessing a patient with an acute poisoning episode. what is the most important need for this patient?

Answer 43

supportive care

Question 44

a patient with hyperlipidemia is prescribed atorvastatin; however, the patient does not want to take a pill and prefers powder form. what alternative medication available in powder form would be most beneficial for the patient?

Answer 44

colesevelam

Question 45

a patient has hypermagnesemia form overuse of antacids. which assessment is priority?

Answer 45

respiratory rate

Question 46

the nurse finds that a patient discontinued drug therapy because of an inability to afford the medications. As a result, the expected patient goals were not met. what action does the nurse take?

Answer 46

the nurse assesses the patient’s needs and develops new goals

Question 47

In discharge teaching, the nurse should emphasize to a patient receiving a beta-agonist bronchodilator the importance of reporting which side effect?

Answer 47

tachycardia

A beta-agonist bronchodilator stimulates the beta receptors of the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in tachycardia, bonchodilation, hyperglycemia, and alertness.

Question 48

the nurse is planning a teaching session for coworkers about laws that require a company to report adverse effects of nonpresciption drugs and dietary supplements. Which act would the nurse review in preparation for the teaching?

Answer 48

The Dietary Supplement and Nonprescirption Drug Consumer Protection Act.

Question 49

which laboratory values would the nurse monitor closely in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who is taking riluzole?

Answer 49

Aminotransferase levels (ALT)

Question 50

The patient is receiving tobramycin. the nurse asks the patient to choose daily meal selections, to which the patient responds, ‘Oh, dear, I don’t want another IV.’ the nurse makes which assessment about the pateint’s response?

Answer 50

Some hearing loss may have occurred.

Question 51

the school nurse is teaching high school students about the immune system. which characteristic of the immune system produces faster and prolonged symptoms after initial exposure to an antigen?

Answer 51

Memory

Question 52

the nurse should recognize that which organ is the most frequent site of helminthic infestation?

Answer 52

Intestine

Question 53

a nurse is administering cinacalcet. what should the nurse monitor to observe for therapeutic response?

Answer 53

serum calcium level

Question 54

the healthcare provider indicates that the patient will be ordered an opioid antitussive. which medication would the nurse anticipate the provider will order?

Answer 54

codeine

Question 55

a patient who takes sumatriptan for migraines tells the nurse she and her husband are attempting to conceive. what is the best response by the nurse

Answer 55

please talk with your provider about changing your migraine medication.

Question 56

a patient questions the use of epinephrine for repair of a laceration, stating, ‘I thought that was the drug they use in the emergency room when patients have cardiac arrest.’ Select the nurse’s best response.

Answer 56

epinephrine enhances the duration of action for lidocaine and minimizes bleeding at the laceration site.

Question 57

A patient has acquired an infection while in the hospital. then nurse uses which term to identify this infection?

Answer 57

health care-associated infection.

Question 58

A provider has ordered once-daily phenytoin for an 8 year old child who has a seizure disorder, and the parents say that it is impossible to have the child take pills by mouth. what intervention would the nurse recommend?

Answer 58

the parents should ask the healthcare provider for a suspension form of the medication.

Question 59

a patient asks the nurse, why should I switch to fexofenadine for my allergies when I’ve taken diphenhydramine for so long?’ which response should the nurse make?

Answer 59

There is not nearly as much drowsiness and sedation.

Question 60

what is the primary indication for the administration of morphine

Answer 60

to relieve acute and chronic pain

Question 61

which resource would the nurse use to determine if adverse effects had been identified after a drug was on the market?

Answer 61

the black box warning.

Question 62

the nurse is preparing healthy research subjects for the first phase of a new drug trial. what information will be obtained on the completion of phase I of the trial

Answer 62

the pharmacokinetics of the drug

Question 63

which action indicates the nurse is following the joint commission’s pain management standards?

Answer 63

the nurse assesses the fifth vital sign

Question 64

which diseases have the greatest effect on drug metabolism and excretion?

Answer 64

liver disease

kidney disease

Question 65

the nurse is caring for a patient with hypercholesterolemia who is taking 20mg of simvastatin as prescribed. after a few days, the patient’s urinalysis reposts indicated the presence of myoglobin. what instruction would the nurse receive from the primary health care provider?

Answer 65

discontinue administering the medication.

Question 66

why is the incidence of protozoal infection rising in the united states?

Answer 66

people from the united states are traveling around the world more often.

Question 67

the nurse is teaching the parent of a premature infant about respiratory distress syndrome. which is the underlying cause of RDS of prematurity?

Answer 67

low level of lung surfactant

Question 68

a patient is receiving thiothixene. what symptoms indicate the patient may be having a adverse effect?

Answer 68

convulsions

Question 69

what are the modes of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus infection

Answer 69

sexual contact
mother to fetus
blood transfusion

Question 70

what is the main purpose of the assessment phase of the nursing process?

Answer 70

to validate and document patient data

Question 71

A patient is diagnosed with sprue. what should the nurse teach the patient?

Answer 71

this condition decreases folic acid uptake

Question 72

before the patient starts therapy with tinidazole, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of which condition?

Answer 72

central nervous system disease

Question 73

a patient is prescribed lorazepam and a glucocorticoid during chemotherapy treatments. what is the nurse’s best action?

Answer 73

administer the medications and asses the patient for relief

Question 74

which statement indicates that a pregnant patient has understood the nurse’s discharge teaching regarding folic acid?

Answer 74

folic acid deficit can cause spina bifida

Question 75

a patient is prescribed rifampin for the treatment of tuberculosis. while checking the patient’s history, the nurse finds that the patient is taking oral contraceptive therapy. what should the nurse advise the patient concerning the safe use of rifampin?

Answer 75

use other forms of birth control

Question 76

the nurse who is working in a pediatric unit administers tetracycline to a preschool-age child. what is a potential side effect of the medication for this child?

Answer 76

discoloration of teeth