practice test Flashcards
A patient receiving atorvastatin therapy to reduce high cholesterol level call the clinic and reports, ‘I am experiencing severe pain in both my legs.’ what is the nurse’s best response?
Stop taking the drug and visit the clinic immediately.
The patient may have pain in both legs because of myopathy, an adverse effect of atorvastatin. It progresses to a life-threatening condition called rhabdomyolysis.
which insulin should the nurse administer to supplement basal insulin to imitate the pancreatic surge of insulin that accompanies eating?
Insulin glulisine
Before the nurse administers isosorbide mononitrate, what is a priority nursing assessment?
Assess blood pressure
Isosorbide mononitrate is vasodilator.
the nurse is meeting to review learning objectives proposed for those orientating to a clinical support role in medication sales. Which learning activity does the nurse question for compliance with the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act?
Halting publication of off-label drug use findings.
Publication of off-label drug use findings is permitted by the FDA Modernization Act.
Which is a first-line antitubercular drug?
Isoniazid
The nurse know that which organ is primarily responsible for maintaining fluid volume and osmolality
Kidneys
The provider has to increase the fentanyl dose for a patient who has been taking fentanyl long term to achieve pain relief. What will the nurse communicate to the oncoming shift?
The patient has developed tolerance.
In what phase is the new drug released for general use, permitting observation of its effects in a large population?
Phase IV
A patient is prescribed a first-generation antihistamine medication. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in the patient teaching?
This medication may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
Which type allergic reaction occurs more frequently with penicillin than with any other drug?
Anaphylaxic
Anaphylaxis (laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe hypotension)
The nurse is administering several different diuretics. Which drug will produce the most diuresis in a patient?
Furosemide
Furosemide works at the loop of Henle, and where it produces the greatest diuresis.
When teaching the nursing student about coronary heart disease, which statement will the nurse include in the session?
Coronary heart disease occurs because of the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
The primary health care provider prescribes vancomycin to a patient who has a streptococcal infection. What should the nurse assess to ensure safe administration of the drug?
Renal function
which interventions should the nurse implement for a patient who is prescribed a first-generation antipsychotic?
Instruct the patient wo change positions slowly.
Instruct the patient to avoid alcohol during therapy.
Instruct the patient not to drive until the effects of the drug are known.
A patient with severe respiratory depression is treated in the emergency department for opioid toxicity. What drug will be used to respiratory depression in this situation?
Naloxone
Which laboratory reports should the nurse evaluate if the patient is administered vancomycin and tobramycin?
serum creatinine
A nurse is assessing a child with an inadequate intake of vitamin D. which condition will the nurse monitor for in this child?
Rickets
The nurse administers varicella virus vaccine to a child. which type of drug will the nurse advise the parent to avoid giving the child for 6 weeks following vaccination?
Aspirin
This precaution is based on the risk of developing Reye’s syndrome.
Which structure is found in the inner ear?
semicircular canals
A patient cannot take oral cyanocobalamin. which is an appropriate intervention?
administer intranasal cyanocobalamin
a patient is prescribed levorphanol to treat chronic pain. Why does the nurse instruct the patient to increase fluid intake while taking levorphanol?
to prevent the risk of constipation
what interventions does the nurse implement for a patient who is prescribed a benzodiazepine for anxiety?
teach relaxation methods
instruct the patient not to drive during therapy.
instruct the patient to change positions slowly.
teach the patient to avoid alcohol during therapy.
Which antiretroviral medication is suitable for administration through the subcutaneous route?
Enfuvirtide
Enfuvirtide is the only available antiretroviral medication available that can be administered by subQ route.
which antiprotozoal drug is effective for the treatment of trichomoniasis
Metronidazole
The patient who has tuberculosis is treated with isoniazid. The nurse should monitor for which symptoms that could indicate a vitamin B6 deficiency caused by the medication?
Numbness and tinging in the fingers and toes.
Dose-related peripheral neuropathy is the most common adverse effect of isoniazid.
a patient presents to the clinic with a urinary tract infection. the nurse anticipates an antibacterial medication that is effective against which organism to be prescribed?
Escherichia coli
in which part of the ear are cochlea and semicircular canals located?
Inner
The drug manufacturer has prepared an investigational new drug application. After which phase will the manufacturer submit the application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for approval?
Phase III
which antilipemic medication reduces serum cholesterol by inhibiting its absorption in the small intestine?
Ezetimibe
The only cholesterol absorption inhibitor on the U.S. market, is effective in lowering total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglyceride levels.
which cardiovascular finding does the nurse identify as a possible adverse effect of erythromycin therapy?
Prolonged QT interval
When present in high levels, erythromycin can prolong the QT interval, causing a potentially fatal ventricular dysrhythmia.
A patient with human immunodeficiency virus who began treatment with abacavir 4 weeks ago presents with fever, rash, nausea, and a cough. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
fever
A patient was recently prescribed fluphenazine for schizophrenia. once the patient’s symptoms are being controlled, what should the nurse tell the patient?
your healthcare provider will lower your dose of medication
A patient who takes multiple antibiotics starts to experience diarrheal stools. the nurse anticipates administration of which antibiotic if a stool sample tests positive for Clostridium difficile?
Metronidazole
The treatment of choice for antibiotic-associated colitis cause by C. Diff
the nurse should teach a patient at risk of developing progressive vision loss from dry ate-related macular degeneration (ARMD_ to increase the dietary intake of which nutrients?
Antioxidants and zinc
In the case of an inhalational anthrax attack, the nurse would prepare for how many days of antibiotic treatment, including intravenous and by mouth, for affected adults?
60
Which benzodiazepine has rapid onset, is short acting, relieves anxiety, and provides sedation before and during procedures?
Midazolam
Used during the preoperative period to relieve anxiety, proved sedation, and help induce general anesthesia.
An unlicensed assistive personnel staff member asks the nurse how the blood gets back to the heart. How should the nurse respond?
By way of the venous pump.
Melanin provides protection against ultraviolet radiation through which layer of the skin
basal layer of the epidermis
A patient who recently returned from South America is admitted with suspected vivax malaria. Which symptoms does the nurse expect to find upon assessing the patient?
chills
fever
diaphoresis
the nurse caring for patient with cystic fibrosis is preparing to administer a transmembrane regulator modifier. for which adverse effects will the nurse monitor the patient?
nausea
dyspnea
diarrhea
nasal congestion
which is an environmental factor that affects the patient’s response to a medication?
diet
the nurse is assessing a patient with huntington’s disease for chorea. which finding will the nurse observe that confirms the chorea?
continuous movements of the whole body
the nurse is assessing a patient with an acute poisoning episode. what is the most important need for this patient?
supportive care
a patient with hyperlipidemia is prescribed atorvastatin; however, the patient does not want to take a pill and prefers powder form. what alternative medication available in powder form would be most beneficial for the patient?
colesevelam
a patient has hypermagnesemia form overuse of antacids. which assessment is priority?
respiratory rate
the nurse finds that a patient discontinued drug therapy because of an inability to afford the medications. As a result, the expected patient goals were not met. what action does the nurse take?
the nurse assesses the patient’s needs and develops new goals
In discharge teaching, the nurse should emphasize to a patient receiving a beta-agonist bronchodilator the importance of reporting which side effect?
tachycardia
A beta-agonist bronchodilator stimulates the beta receptors of the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in tachycardia, bonchodilation, hyperglycemia, and alertness.
the nurse is planning a teaching session for coworkers about laws that require a company to report adverse effects of nonpresciption drugs and dietary supplements. Which act would the nurse review in preparation for the teaching?
The Dietary Supplement and Nonprescirption Drug Consumer Protection Act.
which laboratory values would the nurse monitor closely in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who is taking riluzole?
Aminotransferase levels (ALT)
The patient is receiving tobramycin. the nurse asks the patient to choose daily meal selections, to which the patient responds, ‘Oh, dear, I don’t want another IV.’ the nurse makes which assessment about the pateint’s response?
Some hearing loss may have occurred.
the school nurse is teaching high school students about the immune system. which characteristic of the immune system produces faster and prolonged symptoms after initial exposure to an antigen?
Memory
the nurse should recognize that which organ is the most frequent site of helminthic infestation?
Intestine
a nurse is administering cinacalcet. what should the nurse monitor to observe for therapeutic response?
serum calcium level
the healthcare provider indicates that the patient will be ordered an opioid antitussive. which medication would the nurse anticipate the provider will order?
codeine
a patient who takes sumatriptan for migraines tells the nurse she and her husband are attempting to conceive. what is the best response by the nurse
please talk with your provider about changing your migraine medication.
a patient questions the use of epinephrine for repair of a laceration, stating, ‘I thought that was the drug they use in the emergency room when patients have cardiac arrest.’ Select the nurse’s best response.
epinephrine enhances the duration of action for lidocaine and minimizes bleeding at the laceration site.
A patient has acquired an infection while in the hospital. then nurse uses which term to identify this infection?
health care-associated infection.
A provider has ordered once-daily phenytoin for an 8 year old child who has a seizure disorder, and the parents say that it is impossible to have the child take pills by mouth. what intervention would the nurse recommend?
the parents should ask the healthcare provider for a suspension form of the medication.
a patient asks the nurse, why should I switch to fexofenadine for my allergies when I’ve taken diphenhydramine for so long?’ which response should the nurse make?
There is not nearly as much drowsiness and sedation.
what is the primary indication for the administration of morphine
to relieve acute and chronic pain
which resource would the nurse use to determine if adverse effects had been identified after a drug was on the market?
the black box warning.
the nurse is preparing healthy research subjects for the first phase of a new drug trial. what information will be obtained on the completion of phase I of the trial
the pharmacokinetics of the drug
which action indicates the nurse is following the joint commission’s pain management standards?
the nurse assesses the fifth vital sign
which diseases have the greatest effect on drug metabolism and excretion?
liver disease
kidney disease
the nurse is caring for a patient with hypercholesterolemia who is taking 20mg of simvastatin as prescribed. after a few days, the patient’s urinalysis reposts indicated the presence of myoglobin. what instruction would the nurse receive from the primary health care provider?
discontinue administering the medication.
why is the incidence of protozoal infection rising in the united states?
people from the united states are traveling around the world more often.
the nurse is teaching the parent of a premature infant about respiratory distress syndrome. which is the underlying cause of RDS of prematurity?
low level of lung surfactant
a patient is receiving thiothixene. what symptoms indicate the patient may be having a adverse effect?
convulsions
what are the modes of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus infection
sexual contact
mother to fetus
blood transfusion
what is the main purpose of the assessment phase of the nursing process?
to validate and document patient data
A patient is diagnosed with sprue. what should the nurse teach the patient?
this condition decreases folic acid uptake
before the patient starts therapy with tinidazole, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of which condition?
central nervous system disease
a patient is prescribed lorazepam and a glucocorticoid during chemotherapy treatments. what is the nurse’s best action?
administer the medications and asses the patient for relief
which statement indicates that a pregnant patient has understood the nurse’s discharge teaching regarding folic acid?
folic acid deficit can cause spina bifida
a patient is prescribed rifampin for the treatment of tuberculosis. while checking the patient’s history, the nurse finds that the patient is taking oral contraceptive therapy. what should the nurse advise the patient concerning the safe use of rifampin?
use other forms of birth control
the nurse who is working in a pediatric unit administers tetracycline to a preschool-age child. what is a potential side effect of the medication for this child?
discoloration of teeth
