Practice Test Flashcards
The ability of a postsynaptic neuron to respond to the presence of a particular neurotransmitter that is released from a neighboring presynaptic neuron is dependent on which of the following conditions?
(A) The storage of the neurotransmitter in the presynaptic neuron.
(B) The ability of the neurotransmitter to penetrate the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron.
(C) The presence of receptors on the postsynaptic neuron that have an affinity for that particular neurotransmitter.
(D) Whether or not the neurotransmitter is excitatory or inhibitory.
(E) Whether or not the postsynaptic neuron has an axon that is myelinated.
C
Critics have argued that projective tests are too... (A) Brief (B) Concrete (C) Quantitative (D) Objective (E) Subjective
E
Organizing the string of letters B-F-J-T-A-V-K-C into JFK-TV-CAB is an example of... (A) Simplifying (B) Clustering (C) Seriating (D) Chunking (E) Paraphrasing
D
When persuasive communications follow the peripheral route, they focus on which of the following? (A) Beliefs (B) Facts (C) Values (D) Emotions (E) Cognitions
D
Consider the sentence, “The dishwasher is running.” Which of the following is true?
(A) It can have more than one surface structure.
(B) It can have more than one deep structure.
(C) It is grammatically incorrect.
(D) It can have more than one syntax.
(E) It violates the rules of bottom-up processing.
B
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), children with separation anxiety disorder often experience which of the following symptoms in addition to excessive fear or anxiety over separation from attachment figures?
(A) Excessive concern about the safety and well-being of attachment figures.
(B) Persistent desire to develop relationships with adults other than those who serve as major attachment figures.
(C) Pervasive anxiety about failure in school or social situations.
(D) Perceptual delusion’s that the child’s parents have been replaced by physically identical imposters.
(E) Irresistible urges to perform and repeat a certain act over and over again.
A
Patients with bilateral damage to the hippocampal formation are tested on motor learning tasks such as the Tower of Hanoi. Studies show that the patients improve their performance with repeated exposures. When asked whether they have ever seen the task, even after numerous test sessions with it, they typically report not having seen it before. Such results have led to which of the following conclusions?
(A) Patients with hippocampal injury suffer from confabulation similar to Korsakoff’s patients.
(B) The inability to remember the Tower of Hanoi reflects a fundamental lesion-induced inability to name objects.
(C) Although procedural memory may not rely on normal hippocampal functioning, declarative memory does.
(D) Hippocampal injury enhances the acquisition of tasks relying on motor learning.
(E) Whereas procedural memory is severely impaired after hippocampal injury, reference memory is intact.
C
Which of the following is chemically similar to opiates, has the ability to reduce pain, and is blocked by the action of naloxone? (A) Norepinephrine (B) Acetylcholine (C) Serotonin (D) Endorphin (E) Dopamine
D
When stress is prolonged, the most likely result is…
(A) Generalized weakening of the immune system.
(B) Damage to brain areas within the pons and medulla.
(C) An increase in the level of naturally produced endorphins.
(D) Intensification of the effects of natural killer cells.
(E) An increase in the number of T cells.
A
The bradykinesia, cogwheel rigidity, and tremors that characterize Parkinson's disease are a result of the degeneration of dopaminergic cells in the... (A) Association cortex (B) Cerebellum (C) Hippocampus (D) Reticular formation (E) Substantia nigra
E
Which of the following best characterizes an infant’s object concept at six month’s of age?
(A) The infant’s visual system is too immature to enable focusing on an object in the visual field.
(B) The infant is unable to track moving objects in the visual field.
(C) The infant is not surprised when two objects are seen to occupy the same space at the same time.
(D) The infant’s understanding of object mechanics is as sophisticated as the adult’s understanding.
(E) The infant understands objects to be solid bounded entities that take up space and move on continuous paths.
E
A 40-item vocabulary test was administered to a group of students. A second, similar test of vocabulary terms was administered to the same group of students approximately one week later. The researcher reported that the correlation between these two tests was r = .90. What type of reliability is represented in this example? (A) Test-retest (B) Internal consistency (C) Alternate forms (D) Split-half (E) Inter-rater
C
The preference for a loosely-knit social frame-work in which individuals are responsible only for the care of their children and themselves is known as... (A) Collectivism (B) Individualism (C) Ethnocentrism (D) Egocentrism (E) Interactionism
B
Over many trials a puff of air aimed at JoAnne's eyes is paired with a loud noise and a subtle smell. Afterward, it is very likely that JoAnne's conditioned eye blink will be under the control of the loud noise and not the subtle smell. This phenomenon is an example of... (A) Overshadowing (B) Conditioned Suppression (C) Generalization (D) Counterconditioning (E) Reinstatement
A
The idea that people cope with stress by moving toward people, away from people, or against people is most consistent with the views of... (A) Aaron Beck (B) Carl Rogers (C) Karen Horney (D) Erik Erikson (E) Erich Fromm
C
