practice test Flashcards
Cephalometrics is NOT used to
a. Plan orthodontic treatment
b. Assess facial asymmetry
c. Measure foetal head growth Correct
d. Study craniofacial growth
c. Measure foetal head growth
Once contrast media is introduced into the knee joint it must not be moved or flexed.
Select one:
True
False
False
In dacrocystography, which is NOT a technique used to maximise ductal size on the image?
Select one:
a. Small focal spot is selected
b. Positioning the patient in OM position
c. Increased OFD is employed
d. Large focal spot is selected
e. Smallest receptor size selected
d. Large focal spot is selected Correct
Which of the following abbreviations refers to someone who may help the radiography department?
Select one:
a. FH
b. TLC
c. GSC
d. HCA
d. HCA Correct
Having a previous allergic reaction to local anesthetics is a primary contraindications for arthrography of any joint.
Give another primary contraindications for arthrography of any joint.
Allergic reaction to iodine based contrast media
The basic structure that is used to create most of the organic iodine contrast agents is:-
Select one:
a. Metrizoate
b. Pyridine
c. Benzene
d. Gadolinium
Benzene
Movement of the body part during between exposures will compromise the long bone study.
Select one:
True
False
True
Which abbreviation does not relate to the nervous system?
Select one:
a. BI
b. TBI
c. POP
d. CVA
POP Plaster of paris
Give one example of neuromuscular pathology that may require orthography:
fasciitis plantar
Fertilisation of the ovum occurs in the uterine tube.
Select one:
True
False
True
What is not a complication of gastric banding?
Select one:
a. Erosion into stomach
b. Band slippage Incorrect
c. Perforation of stomach
d. Malabsorption
e. Wound infection
Malabsorption
Osteoporosis in post menopausal women is defined by the WHO as having a BMD of
Select one:
a. 1.5 standard deviation below the average for the same age and sex population
b. 2.0 standard deviation below the average for the same age and sex population Incorrect
c. 2.5 standard deviation below the average for the normal young population
d. 1.0 standard deviation below the average for the normal young population
C. 2.5 standard deviation below the average for the normal young population
A z score produced during a DXA scan compares the patient’s bone density with that of
Select one:
a. a person with osteoporosis Incorrect
b. a person with osteopenia
c. an average young healthy individual with peak bone mass
d. an average individual of the same age and sex
C. an average individual of the same age and sex
Which of the following imaging modalities is not used during sailography?
Select one:
a. CT
b. Fluoroscopy
c. Ultrasound
d. Conventional radiography
c. Ultrasound
What does the abbreviation CHD mean?
Congestive Heart Disease
- Current use of macroradiography does NOT include
Select one:
a. trabeculae patterns on extremities
b. orbital phlebography
c. scaphoid
d. mammaography
e. avian radiography
orbital phlebography
Which of the following is not an abbreviation related to the abdomen?
Select one:
a. AAA
b. KUB
c. UTI
d. ICP Intra Cranial Pressure
d. ICP Intra Cranial Pressure
A sinus may form as a means of decompression of a synovial joint in what bony pathology (ies)?
Give one answer.
septic arthritis
Match the following abbreviations with the most suitable body system category. (answers are used more than once). AAA CABG TIA CPAP OM NBM KUB TLC BIBA FH UTI FT LMP GCS IUD MUA
AAA – Cardiovascular, CABG – Cardiovascular, TIA – Nervous, CPAP – Respiratory, OM – Musculoskeletal, NBM – Digestive, KUB – Urinary, TLC – Respiratory, BIBA – General/Hospital Information, FH – General/Hospital Information, UTI – Urinary, FT – Digestive, LMP – Reproductive, GCS – Nervous, IUD – Reproductive, MUA – Musculoskeletal
DXA of the hip requires the lower limb to be rotated medially15-20 degrees.
Select one:
True
False
True
Taking the medication Metaformin can be is contraindicated prior to what procedure
Select one:
a. Ba Enema
b. IV Urogram Correct
c. Retrograde cystourethrogram
d. Enterocoliosis
b. IV Urogram
What type of contrast media is used for Myelography?
Do not specify brand name.
Oil Based
There is a moderate risk to the patient’s eye and tear duct during a dacrocystogram; even if the patient has no allergies or infection.
True or False
False
Which of the following is an abbreviation for how a patient eats/doesn’t?
Select one:
a. AE
b. BM
c. ABM
d. NBM
d. NBM
Lacrimal gland tear production is located on the lateral side of the eye.
True or False
False
Myelography is largely being replaced by MRI and CT
Select one:
True
False
True
Which of the following is not an abbreviation of a line that you would be asked to image to check for placement?
Select one:
a. PICC Incorrect
b. FT
c. CVL
d. ACL
d. ACL
Clinical indications for bone densitometry does not include one of the following.
Select one:
a. Estrogen deficiency in women
b. Vertebral abnormalities
c. Hyperthyroidism
d. Polycystic kidney disease
e. Female with family history of osteoporosis
d. Polycystic kidney disease Correct
Select the 3 aspects of the Glascow Coma Scale
Select one or more: a. verbal response b. pain retraction response c. eye response d. reflex response e. motor response Feedback Your answer is correct.
a. verbal response
c. eye response
e. motor response
2/3 of all abnormalities demonstrated in the hysterosalpingogram arise from:
Select one:
a. maldevelopment of the uterus and fallopian tubes
b. maldevelopment of the uterus
c. congenital chromosomal abnormalities
d. maldevelopment of the fallopian tubes
e. maldevelopment of the uterus and congenital chromosomal abnormalities Incorrect
A.maldevelopment of the uterus and fallopian tubes
What does the abbreviation NAD stand for?
no abnormalities detected
When imaging a Bariatric patient during fluoroscopy what considerations must you make before continuing with examination?
Select one:
a. X-ray tube rating
b. All options apply
c. Mobility of patient
d. Weight limit and size of foot plate attachment.
e. Weight limit and size of fluoroscopy unit
b. All options apply
If a calculi is seen or expected in one of the salivary ducts which contrast media should be used?
Select one or more:
a. none
b. water soluble Incorrect
c. oil based
d. only air
c. oil based
Which of the following is not an abbreviation for hypertension?
Select one:
a. H/t
b. HT
c. HP
d. HTN
c. HP
Give a non traumatic reason for arthrography of the knee
Bakers cyst
The process of making a metal ion useful without the possibility of it binding chemically to the tissues of the body is called:-
Select one:
a. Concentration
b. Ionization
c. Chelating
d. Osmolarity
c. Chelating
Which of the salivary glands is the smallest?
Sublingual
Ultrasound is the modality most affected by obesity
Select one:
True
False
True
Which of the following is not a unit in a hospital?
Select one:
a. CCU
b. CHD
c. ICU
d. HDU
CHD
What is the recommended projection to show a stone in the submandibular gland?
Select one:
a. PA projection
b. Lateral oblique projection
c. AP projection
d. Superoinferior projection
e. Lateral projection
Superoinferior projection
For osteoporosis to be visible on conventional radiographs then a loss of at least
Answer:
Correct % of the trabecular bone must occur.
Write your answer as a number eg; 75
30
Osmolality of a solution refers to the _______________ of the solution.
Select one:
a. Weight
b. Volume
c. Viscosity
d. Miscibility
c. Viscosity
A patient that presents to the ED with a head injury may have which abbreviation on their notes?
Select one:
a. CHD
b. DSA
c. ABI
d. POP
c. ABI Acquired brain injury
In macroradiography, magnification factors greater than ____ are impracticable if a 0.6 mm2 focus is used.
Select one:
a. 2.0x and 3.0x
b. 3.0 x
c. 1.5 x
d. 1.5x and 2.0x
e. 2.0 x
C. 1.5 x
What does MUA stand for?
Manipulation under anaesthetic
Which of the following abbreviations are you most likely to see on a request for a chest x ray?
Select one:
a. BE
b. CABG
c. TBI
d. OM
b. CABG
Which of the following terms is not an aspect of the uterine tube?
Select one:
a. Isthmus
b. Infundibulum
c. Ampulla
d. Cornu
d. Cornu
For a cephalogram, which positioning/technique aid is NOT used?
Select one:
a. bite block
b. wedge filter
c. nose piece
d. ear plugs in EAM
a. bite block
Why is the risk of contrast reaction so low in a dacrocystogram?
Select one:
a. absorption of contrast occurs within 24 hours.
b. a small amount is used
c. low reaction contrast medium is chosen
d. ducts can tolerate a high ph
e. dilution of contrast with tears
B. a small amount is used
Select the dental imaging that is intra oral .
Select one or more:
a. Periapical
b. Bitewing
c. Occlusal
d. Cephalostat
e. Orthopantomogram
b. Bitewing
Which imaging system provides a single frontal perspective of the whole mandible?
OPG
Select the considerations that must be considered when examining a bariatric patient on an x ray table.
Select one or more: a. Weight limit and size of x-ray table b. Patient management – limited ability to mobilize c. X-ray tube rating (2 fr/s or 3/frs - tube heating
a. Weight limit and size
of x-ray table
c. X-ray tube rating (2
fr/s or 3/frs - tube heating
Which two abbreviations relate to pregnancy?
Select one:
a. MXT and OM
b. HCG and LMP
c. GFR and LMP
d. NAD and HCG
b. HCG and LMP
Which of the following terms is used to describe a blockage or inability of the uterine tube to allow the flow of fluid?
Select one:
a. Guage
b. Stenosis
c. Patency
d. Atresia
b. Stenosis
What region of the spine do the majority a dermal sinus tracts occur?
Sacrum
Myelography is a radiographic study of;
Select one or more:
a. nerve root brances
b. spinal cord Correct
c. pia mater
d. intervertebral spaces
e. intervertebral foramen
b. spinal cord
Hysterosalpingography is contraindicated for:
Select one:
a. intermittent abnormal Uterine Bleeding
b. primary infertility
c. patency of fallopian tubes
d. pelvic inflammatory disease
e. secondary infertility
a. intermittent abnormal Uterine Bleeding
A track with open ends that communicates with 2 body areas is termed a
Fistula
Select the option which is not a reason for a GCS score to be invalid.
Select one:
a. patient has taken mind altering drugs
b. patient is under 4 years of age
c. None of these choices.
d. patient has consumed a large amount of alcohol
e. patient is in shock with a systolic BP < 80
c. None of these choices
What classification of joints are studied using arthrography?
Synovial joints
Myelography can be performed with positive contrast agents only.
Select one:
True
False
False
An opening to the skin surface & may yield pus or fluid is termed a
Sinus
An allergic type reaction to a substance is caused by Answer
hypersensitivity
List two (2) common sites of pathological fistulas caused by childbirth trauma
Rectovagina Vesicovaginorectal
A T score above -1 indicate
Select one:
a. normal bone
b. developing bone
c. osteoporosis
d. osteopenia
e. severe osteoporosis
A. normal bone
Which abbreviation would not relate to an x-ray request for a wrist?
Select one:
a. ROMW
b. POP
c. CVL
d. ROP
c. CVL
The excretory pathway for the majority of the organic iodine compounds is through the:-
Select one:
a. Hepatic portal system
b. Urinary system
c. Respiratory system
d. GI tract by defecation
Urinary system
During a Panorex (OPG) it is important to keep the _________ positioning line parallel to the floor
Select one or more:
a. IOML
b. OML
c. GAL
d. AML
a. IOML
Select the common limitations a radiologist may noted on his/her report on a bariatric patient’s radiographic examination.
Select one or more:
a. Motion artifact noted
b. Underpenetration resulting in insufficient
contrast
c. ROI located out of field of view
d. Attenuation of ultrasound signal that made it
difficult to distinguish normal anatomy & anatomic landmarks
b. Underpenetration resulting in insufficient
contrast
What is the name commonly given to the four conjoined tendons that make up the shoulder joint?
Rotator Cuff
Renal insufficiency is indicated if the BUN ( blood urea nitrogen) level exceeds ________________ mg/dl and the Creatinine is above ___________________
30,1.5
For a cephalogram, which positioning/technique aid is NOT used?
Select one:
a. nose piece
b. ear plugs in EAM
c. wedge filter
d. bite block
d. bite block
What three joints are included on one IR for a long bone study of the lower limb?
List these in order from superior to inferior with a comma in between.
hip,knee,ankle
What type of fistulogram is usually caused by necrotizing following surgery or irradiation
bronchopleural
What is the name for the surgical procedure that shortens a limb by fusing the epiphysis?
Epiphysiodeses
Which of the following region(s) do renal calculi commonly impact?
Select one:
a. at pelviureteric junction within the kidney
b. all options apply
c. at point of entry into the bladder
d. at level crossing of bifurcation of common iliac artery
b. all options apply
Which is the largest of the salivary glands?
parotid
Adult patients are at risk of contrast agent overdose if they have
i renal failure ii asthma iii urticaria iv cardiac failure v acites
a. All of the choices Incorrect
b. i, iv and v only
c. i ,ii and iv only
d. ii, iii, and v only
b. i, iv and v only
List the six rights of basic principle for the administration for medication.
patient, drug, dosage, route, time, documentation
Bone strength and bone density are directly proportional.
Select one:
True
False
True
Give an example of a negative contrast media used in arthrography.
Room air
The distal portion of the uterine tube opens in to the peritoneal cavity.
Select one:
True
False
True
The risk for a patient developing lactic acidosis is increased if a type 2 diabetic patient is taking what treatment?
metformin
The successful dacrocystograms images have been completed. What is the primary post operative instruction given to the patient about post operative risks?
wear an eye patch
Which is not a limitations noted on Radiologist’s reports of plain x-rays taken on Bariatric patients?
Select one:
a. Area of interest located outside the field of view.
b. Underpenetration resulting in insufficient contrast.
c. Contact between the patient’s body & imaging bore or gantry that caused beam hardening or near-field artifacts.
d. Artifacts caused by patient motion.
c.Contact between the patient’s body & imaging bore or gantry that caused beam hardening or near-field artifacts.
What is the usual site of the Contrast Media introduction during a dacrocystogram?
punctum
What three forms of knee injury require athrography?
Select one or more:
a. Sheath tears
b. Menisci tears
c. Joint capsule tears
d. Skin tears Incorrect
e. Ligament tears
f. Muscle tears Incorrect
Joint capsule tears, Menisci tears, Ligament tears
During an IVU, what 45 degree AP oblique would best demonstrate the RIGHT URETER?
Select one:
a. RAO
b. LAO
c. RPO
d. LPO
c. RPO
- What is NOT considered a common cause of leg length discrepancy?
Select one:
a. Polio
b. Legg-Perthes
c. Hemihypertrophy
d. Osgood-Schlatters’s disease
e. Epiphysiodeses
d. Osgood-Schlatters’s disease
What focal spot size is recommended for macroradiography?
Write your answer as a number with the units eg; 0.9mm
0.3mm
The major benefit of using a high and low kVp xray source with a DXA system is:
Select one:
a. Demonstrates attenuation differences between bone and soft tissue
b. Significantly reduces post processing time of the digital imaging
c. Reduces patient dose significantly
d. Reduces wear and tear on xray tube significantly
a. Demonstrates attenuation differences between bone and soft tissue
Which body system is the abbreviation HSG related to? Select one: a. Respiratory b. Gastric c. Reproductive d. Nervous
c. Reproductive
At approximately Answer:
Incorrect years of age is the first age more bone is being removed than is being replaced by new bone formation.
Write your answer as a number eg: 15
35
In which site does sialolithiasis occurs most often ? Select one: a. 80% occur in the submandibular gland b. 80% occur in the sublingual gland c. 40% occur in the submandibular gland d. 80% occur in the parotid gland e. 40% occur in the sublingual gland
a. 80% occur in the submandibular gland
Which of the following would not be a risk factor for extravasation.
Select one:
a. Use of metal needle in place of plastic cannular
b. Abnormal circulation caused by atherosclerotic vessels
c. Venous thrombosis
d. Tourniquets no being released during the injection.
Abnormal circulation caused by atherosclerotic vessels
All of these answers begin with D. Select the correct answer for each space. Ductal, Defect, Diagnosis, Dysphagia, Detected, Digital, Dual, Deep, Developmental, Disease D\_\_\_\_\_\_ Carcinoma In Situ Atrial Septal D\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ D\_\_\_\_\_x Difficulty swallowing is termed \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ No Abnormalities D\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ D\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Subtraction Angiography D\_\_\_\_\_\_ Energy X-ray Absorption D\_\_\_\_\_\_Vein Thrombosis D\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Dysplasia of the hip Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary D\_\_\_\_\_\_
The correct answer is: D______ Carcinoma In Situ – Ductal, Atrial Septal D________ – Defect, D_____x – Diagnosis, Difficulty swallowing is termed ___________ – Dysphagia, No Abnormalities D__________ – Detected, D_______ Subtraction Angiography – Digital, D______ Energy X-ray Absorption – Dual, D______Vein Thrombosis – Deep, D_______ Dysplasia of the hip – Developmental, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary D______ – Disease
The anatomic/ physiologic structure that prevents various chemicals and other harmful substances from passing to the central nervous system from the blood is called :-
Select one:
a. Parenchyma
b. Intima
c. Dura mater
d. Blood-brain barrier
d. Blood-brain barrier
Which of these is not a criteria for surgical intervention for bariatric patient?
Select one:
a. BMI between 35 and 40 with an obesity related disease Incorrect
b. BMI greater than 40
c. Weight twice the patient’s ideal weight.
d. Patient planning pregnancy in next year.
e. No psychiatric or drug dependency problems.
: Patient planning pregnancy in next year.
Into what space is the contrast media introduced with myelography?
subarachnoid space
When undertaking radiation dose calculations for a 2 x macroradiography of the wrist, where the FFD remains the same, the patient dose will:
Select one:
a. stay the same
b. increase significantly because of the air gap
c. increase slightly
d. decrease significantly because of the air gap
e. decrease slightly
c. increase slightly
Which two abbreviations are related ( ie; relates to same system)?
Select one:
a. ACL and ACJ
b. R/O and ROM
c. CSF and LP
d. NBM and NEB
c. CSF and LP
Arthrography is a sterile procedure?
Select one:
True
False
True
The purpose of densitometry is to
Select one:
a. Measure bone mineral density
b. Diagnose osteoporosis
c. All options apply
d. To rule out osteopenia
e. Access the response to osteoporosis therapy
c. All options apply
Which of the following are considered to be an activation triggering type of reaction to contrast media?
i nausea ii thrombus formation iii heamolysis Select one: a. All options b. ii and iii only c. 1 and ii only d. i only
ii and iii only
As the iodine concentration___________________
the viscosity of the substance will________________.
Select one:
a. decreases, increase
b. increases, increase
c. decreases, remains the same
d. increases, decrease
b. increases, increase
Sialography is contraindicated for:
Select one:
a. Severe inflammation of the salivary gland or duct
b. Calculi lodged in salivary duct
c. Pain and swelling after a meals
d. Possible obstruction of the salivary duct
e. Salivary duct fistula
a. Severe inflammation of the salivary gland or duct
The 12 small ducts leading from the sublingual glands to the oral cavity are called;
Select one:
a. Wharton’s ducts
b. Ducts of Rivunus
c. Accessory salivary ducts
d. Stenson’s ducts
Ducts of Rivunus
