Practice Test Flashcards
1) In most tissue beds, blood flow is regulated in proportion to which of the following? A. arterial blood pressure B. cardiac output C. local metabolism D. mean circulatory filling pressure
C
1) Arterial blood pressure is independent of flow and what? A. arterial blood pressure B. cardiac output C. local metabolism D. mean circulatory filling pressure
B
1) What controls cardiac output?
A) local tissue flow
B) local metabolism
C) local blood vessels
A
1) Blood flow is proportional to what? A. arterial blood pressure B. cardiac output C. local metabolism D. mean circulatory filling pressure
C
2) resistance in the following tissue beds coronary = .40 mmHg/ml/min brain = .13 mmHg/ml/min liver = .08 mmHg/ml/min kidneys = .10 mmHg/ml/min What is the total peripheral resistance? A) greater than .71 B) between .08 and .4 C) less than .08 D) undeterminable
C
1/R=1/R+1/R+1/R+1/R
3) coronary = .40 mmHg/ml/min brain = .13 mmHg/ml/min liver = .08 mmHg/ml/min kidneys = .10 mmHg/ml/min Using the data above, which tissue bed would have the greatest flow? A) coronary B) brain C) liver D) kidneys
C (would have the least resistance)
4) In the following vessels the flow rate is identical, which vessel is offering the greatest resistance to flow? A) P1-50 P2-25 B) P1-70 P2-60 C) P1-80 P2-65 ***************EXAM************
A (greatest change in P1 to P2 is greatest resistance)
5) A broad band Doppler reading is indicative of what type of flow? A) laminar B) turbulent C) intermittent D) flow has ceased ***********EXAM**************
B (abnormal) (partial occlusion)
5) A narrow band reading is indicative of what type of flow? A) laminar B) turbulent C) intermittent D) flow has ceased
A (normal flow)
6) If a vessel with a length of 100 cm has a cross sectional area of .5cm2, and velocity of flow of 10cm/sec. The pressure drop across that length is 10mmHg. What is the flow in the vessel? A) 10ml/min B) 20ml/min C) 100ml/min D)300ml/min
D (F=vx)
7) The vascular compartment with the greatest total cross sectional area is which of the following? A) aorta B) large arteries C) capillaries D) large veins
C
7) The vascular compartment with the slowest speed of flow is which of the following? A) aorta B) large arteries C) capillaries D) large veins
C
8) Which of the following is not characteristic of parallel circuitry? A) independence of flow control B) maximizes total peripheral resistance C) Maximizes oxygen delivery to tissues D) decreases work load on the heart
B
8) Which of the following is characteristic of parallel circuitry? A) dependent of flow control B) minimize total peripheral resistance C) minimize oxygen delivery to tissue D) increases work load on the heart
B
9) A small change in volume producing a large change in pressure is characteristic of which vascular compartment? A) systemic arteries B) systemic veins C) microcirculation D) all of the above
A
9) A large change in volume producing a small change in pressure is characteristic of which vascular compartment? A) systemic arteries B) systemic veins C) microcirculation D) all of the above
B
10) Acetylcholine binding to the vascular endothelium has what effect?
A) vasodilatation by causing nitric oxide release
B) vasodilatation by causing adenosine release
C) vasoconstriction by triggering muscle spasm
D) vasoconstriction by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
A (vasodilator)
11) What is the effect of sympathetic nervous stimulation on most vascular smooth muscle?
A) vasodilatation mediated by alpha receptors
B) vasodilatation mediated by beta receptors
C) vasoconstriction mediated by alpha receptors
D) vasoconstriction mediated by beta receptors
C
12)During widespread sympathetic nervous system stimulation, which tissue bed would show the least increase in vascular resistance? A) stomach B) kidney C) lung D) liver
C (also heart and brain)
13) As a tissue becomes more active, how is blood flow to that tissue increased?
A) tissue releases local vasodilators
B) reflex increase in systemic blood pressure
C) sympathetic induced local vasodilatation
D) parasympathetic induced local vasodilatation
****EXAM*********
A
14) At a given mean circulatory filling pressure what happens to venous return as central venous pressure increases?
A) increases
B) decreases
C) stays constant
B
15) If cardiac output is stopped, arterial pressure will be expected to fall until it equals which of the following? A) critical closing pressure B) mean circulatory filling pressure C) pulse pressure D) central venous pressure
A
15) If cardiac output is stopped, arterial pressure will be expected to fall until it equals which of the following if there is a shunt? A) critical closing pressure B) mean circulatory filling pressure C) pulse pressure D) central venous pressure
B
16) In a healthy young adult comment about tissue flow during diastole (relaxation)?
A) it ceases
B) maintained by recoil of the arteries
C) maintained by release of local vasodilators
D)maintained by parasympathetic vasodilatation
B
17) If blood flow to a tissue doubles from 200ml/min to 400ml/min, and the AV O2 difference falls from .05 ml O2/ml to .025 ml O2/ml. Comment on the increase in flow
A) it is a functional increase in flow
B) it is due to an increase in tissue metabolism
C) it is likely due to shunting
D) it is due to the release of local vasodilators
****EXAM***
C
17) If blood flow to a tissue doubles from 200ml/min to 400ml/min, and the AV O2 is constant. Comment on the increase in flow.
A) it is a functional increase in flow
B) it is due to an increase in tissue metabolism
C) it is likely due to shunting
D) it is due to the release of local vasodilators
AB
18) What increases the plasma colloid osmotic effect by about 50%
A) positive charges on protein attracting and holding negative ions like chloride
B) negative changes on protein attracting and holding positive ions like sodium/albumin
C) the large quantity of fibrinogen that is converted to fibrin
D) the natural charge attraction of sodium and chloride
B
19) which of the following effects is not attributed to slow breathing (6 breaths/minute)
A) increased resting oxygen saturation
B) increased sympathetic activity
C) decreased chemoreflex activation
D) decreased mean arterial blood pressure
B