Practice Test 2 Flashcards
What is the study of cells?
Cytology
What is the study of tissue called
Histology
A group of similar cells that perform specialized functions are called a
Tissue
__________ is the state of balance in the body. The body is at the state, it means it performs at its maximum potential
Homeostasis
Organs functioning together for a common purpose is called an
Organ system
In anatomical position, the palms are facing backwards true or false
False. In anatomical position the palms are facing up
Sagittal view divides the body into anterior and posterior, true or false?
False. The sagittal divides the body into unequal left and right portions
_________ plane divides the body into superior and inferior
Transverse
Sagittal plane divides the body into left and right, true or false?
True
Tissue serving a common purpose or function makes up
An organ
In anatomical position, the thumb is on the medial side of the hand true or false?
False. In anatomical position the thumb is on the lateral side of the hand
The great toe is on the medial side of the foot, true or false?
True
Opposite of contralateral is
Ipsilateral
What are other terms for superior?
Cranial or hyper
The other term for inferior is
Claudial
If you know the superficial femoral artery extends from slightly inferior to the groin area to the knee area which part of it is the proximal part in which part is the distal part?
The portion by the groin is proximal, distal is by the knee
The other term for anterior is?
Ventral.
The other term for posterior is
Dorsal
Pertaining to the covering of an organ is
Visceral
Pertaining to the outer wall of cavity is
Parietal
Laying down on the back is called the
Supine position
Laying down on the chest is the
Prone position
Laying down supine, with feet elevated is called the
Trendelenburg position
Laying down supine, with feet lowered is called the
Reverse Trendelenburg position
In the ________ position, the patient lies on their back, thighs acutely flexed on the abdomen, and legs flexed on thighs; legs are widely separated and raised. Used freq in GYN
Lithotomy
___________ position is useful in advanced pregnancy to avoid hypotension caused by IVC compression
Semi – Fowler
Sitting in this position is also called ________. It prevents aspiration
Fowler
__________ is the position used for rectal exams.
Sims. The position consists of the patient in left or right oblique, with opposite leg flexed at the hip and knee.
Turning the foot inward is called
Inversion
Turning the foot outward is called
Eversion
Turning The forearm so that the palm of the hand faces backward is called
Supination. Seen in anatomical position
Turning the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces forward is called
Pronation
Describe flexion and extension of the forearm
Flexion of the forearm is when the fist moves towards the shoulder. Extension of the forearm is when the fist moves away from the shoulder. The movement originates at the elbow
A sagittal plane divides the body into ventral and dorsal Plains, true or false?
False. The coronal plane divides the body into ventral and dorsal planes
The ventral cavity consists of:
The thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities. Sometimes the abdominal and pelvic cavities are referred to together, forming the abdominopelvic cavity. The diaphragm is also included in the ventral cavity
The dorsal cavity consists of:
The cranial and spinal cavities
Name the nine regions of Addison’s planes
Left and right hypochondria, left and right lumbar, left and right iliac fossa, epigastric, hypogastirum, umbilicus
What are the four quadrants of the abdominal pelvic area?
right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant left lower quadrant
The right hypochondriac region of the abdomen corresponds to which quarter?
Right upper quadrant
What does BOS stand for?
Base of support.
Narrow base of support characterizes unstable and mobile systems, true or false?
True
What constitutes a person’s base of support?
Feet and the space between them.
Center of gravity is a hypothetical point at which the object will balance, true or false?
True
Stability can be achieved when a body center of gravity is over its base of support, true or false?
True
The body will topple if the center of gravity is displaced outside its base of support, true or false?
True
Smooth muscles, not skeletal muscles in the body have red and white fibers, true or false?
False. smooth muscles ARE skeletal muscles
Red fibers are considered the slow twitch fibers, true or false?
True
Exercise intensity initiates which type dominates force production- true or false?
True
White muscle fibers do not fatigue quickly, so we don’t collapse, true or false?
False. White muscle fibers do fatigue quickly. They are responsible for rapid movements
Red muscle fibers are responsible for postural stability, true or false?
True
When lifting boxes or patients, keep your knees straight, true or false?
False – keep your back straight, and bend your knees
For effective transfers, a person should use the motility of white muscles for lifting and the postural muscles for support, true or false?
True
When lifting boxes or patients, keep your back straight as much as possible, true or false?
True
When transporting a patient, the most important things to verify is the:________ and ________
Name and DOB
When transporting a patient, when you leave the patient alone, when your test includes the patient turning to the other side, or when the patient appears drowsy or showing altered level of consciousness, make sure to
____________!!!!!
Put up the bedrails!
When transferring a patient from wheelchair to a bed or vice versa always position the patient so that he or she is transferring towards their strong side, true or false
True
When transferring a patient to a wheelchair or a bed or vice versa make sure that the bed and the wheelchair are both
Locked, and the brakes are on
When transferring a patient from wheelchair to a bed or vice versa, make sure necessary personnel are employed to help assist in the move, communication has ensured that the patient understands the procedure, true or false?
True.
Always explain to the patient that they are about to be transferred and how that will be happening. They are people, not luggage.
When lifting a patient, the person performing the transfer should stand with feet apart shoulder width apart to widen the base of support-true or false?
True
When lifting a patient, the patient center of gravity should be held close to the transfers center of gravity, true or false?
True
When lifting patients, it is important to keep the back stationary and straight and do all the lifting by bending the knees, true or false
True. The back should be kept as straight as possible and the weight lifted with the thighs and knees.
Ambulatory means_______.
Sometimes the term is used for ______
Mobile. Outpatients.
When transferring a patient, you can twist your trunk, true or false?
False. Never twist at the trunk. It weakens the base of support by shifting the center of gravity.
The condition when someone feels dizzy when he or she sits up quickly after prolonged we company position is called___________. Patient might show slurring or slowing of speech. This is indicative of decreased blood flow to the brain.
Orthostatic blood pressure
If you’re going to do a study on a patient in wheelchair and the patient informs you that he or she is capable of the transfer to the bed on their own, what should you do?
Allow them to move themselves as much as possible
When assisting patients while transferring from bed to wheelchair or vice versa, which one can you choose – the gait belt or Bill Gates?
The gait belt
If you were transferring a patient who weighs 130 pounds and the patient can’t bear weight on their lower extremities, which method of transfer can be used? In this method where does the stronger transfer stand? And who is in charge of the transfer?
It is called a two person transfer. The strongest person is at the patient’s head and is in charge of overall transfer orders.
Before you transfer a patient from or to a wheelchair, make sure the wheelchair is locked and the feet rest are swung away, true or false?
True
If you were transferring a patient who is a sumo wrestler, what method of transfer is preferable?
Hydraulic lift
When transferring a patient from bed to a stretcher and the patient can do the transfer on their own, make sure the bed and the stretcher are ___________.
Aligned right next to each other, the brakes are on, and the outer rails are up.
When transferring a patient from bed to stretcher and the patient can’t help with the transfer usage of ________ and _______ to help with the transfer.
A bodyboard, other staff.
50% of the population has this body habitus
What is Sthenic?
In sthenic body habitus, the stomach is J-shaped and is located low in comparison with that of the hypersthenic true or false?
True.
The elderly have what body habitus?
Asthenic
People who are usually thin but healthy and somewhat under wait for his or her height have a body habitus of
Hyposthenic 35% of population
A patient with hypersthenic body habitus possesses a gallbladder that is high and lies farther to the right, a stomach which is located high and in transverse section, is this true or false?
True
What does MSI stand for?
Musculoskeletal injury
Define musculoskeletal injury
Musculoskeletal injury refers to a group of disorders caused by or aggravated by workplace activities.
More than 80% of sonographers surveyed reported symptoms of MSA, true or false?
True
What are five contributing factors to the increased incidence of MSI reports?
More scans, more obese patients, staffing shortages, aging workforce, increased awareness
Left handed scanners tend to have shoulder and neck injuries; right handed scanners tend to have wrist and elbow problems, true or false?
False. Lefties have wrist and elbow problems. Right handed scanners tend to have shoulder and neck injuries
Sonographers who lack variety in studies are less prone to MSI, true or false.
False. Sonographers need variety in studies to stop repetitive injury.