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Phys III Exam 1 > Practice Test 1 > Flashcards

Practice Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammatory pathways promote thrombosis, which is responsible for myocardial infarction and most strokes.

A

True

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2
Q

What is released from the endothelial wall, that promotes vasodilatation and limits platelet extension?

A

prostacyclin (PG12)

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3
Q

A traumatized vessel will constrict; most of the constriction is due to which of the following?

A

local myogenic spasm

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4
Q

Which of the following is effective at dissolving blood clots?

A

plasmin

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5
Q

What is the key step in blood coagulation?

A

the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

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6
Q

Fibrinogen and prothrombin along with factors VII, IX, X are produced by which organ?

A

liver

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7
Q

Concerning Ca++ role in blood clotting, which of the following statements is true?

A

required at all steps except the 1st two intrinsic steps

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8
Q

Compared to a typical ventricular muscle cell, which of the following is a characteristic of the SA node?

A

lacks a stable resting polarized state

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9
Q

At a normal resting membrane potential of -85 mV, which of the following ions is closest to its Nernst equilibrium potential?

A

K+

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10
Q

A 2-3 X elevation in extracellular fluid of what ion can cause flaccidity and weakness of cardiac muscle in part by decreasing the resting membrane potential.

A

K+

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11
Q

If end diastolic volume = 160 ml and end systolic volume = 120 ml; what is the ejection fraction?

A

25%

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12
Q

What allows the action potential to spread from one cardiac cell to an adjacent cardiac cell, and therefore allows the heart to behave as a syncytium?

A

intercalated discs

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13
Q

Which of the following create only a diastolic murmur?

A

mitral stenosis

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14
Q

Reperfusion injury following infarction is primarily associated with which of the following?

A

free radical production

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15
Q

Which of the following changes in ion flux will slow the heart rate?

A

increase in K+ efflux

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16
Q

What is the major function of the AV node?

A

delays the wave of depolarization from the atria to the ventricle

17
Q

An inverted T wave is associated with which of the following?

A

ischemia

18
Q

Most of the energy consumed by the heart for work is utilized for which of the following?

A

pressurization of blood by the ventricles

19
Q

As heart rate increases, cycle length decreases, which of the following statements is true?

A

diastole shortens more than systole

20
Q

If you block fast Na+ channels in a typical cardiac muscle cell using “tetradotoxin”, what will be observed?

A

depolarization is slowed

21
Q

No consistent relationship of P waves to QRS complexes describes which of the following?

A

3rd degree AV block

22
Q

At a constant operating pressure what happens to the wall tension as the radius of that chamber decreases?

A

decreases

23
Q

The preferred energy substrate of ventricular cardiac cells is which of the following?

A

FA

24
Q

Under resting conditions, what percentage of oxygen is extracted by the myocardium from the perfusing coronary blood flow?

A

70%

25
Q

If the sympathetic nerves to the heart are cut, and then the SNS is stimulated, heart rate will
still increase, why?

A

circulating norepinephrine/epinephrine from the adrenal medulla

26
Q

Which of the following statements regarding a prolonged QT interval (increased incidence of sudden cardiac death) is true?

A

males are more susceptible than females

27
Q

If the left atrial pressure is 7 mmHg., the left ventricular pressure is 100 mmHg., and the aortic blood pressure is 106 mmHg., what is the status of the valves on that side of the heart?

A

mitral and aortic valves closed

28
Q

Increased stretch on the ventricular fibers during filling, have what effect on calcium influx into the ventricular cells?

A

increase

29
Q

Which of the following has a positive inotropic effect on the ventricle.

A

acetylcholine

30
Q

A wave of repolarization moving toward the positive recording electrode would create what type of deflection?

A

negative deflection

31
Q

When does myocardial blood flow peak in the left ventricle?

A

at the onset of diastole

32
Q

What percentage of blood from the atrial to the ventricle is actively pumped?

A

25-30%

33
Q

Norepinephrine binds to which cardiac receptors?

A

beta

34
Q

At rest, if you block both divisions of the autonomic nervous system, what changes will occur?

A

HR will increase and strength of contraction will decrease

35
Q

Which has a positive inotropic effect on the ventricle?

A

thyroxine

Phys III Exam 1 (2 decks)

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