Practice Test 1 Flashcards
Noam Chomsky
Children with impoverished backgrounds are more likely to have behavioral and emotional difficulties
In all cases of suicidal ideation…
Parents will have to be notified early
Do you need parental permission to talk with a student about their cognitive assessment results?
Yes
A test’s psychometrics in general should be above…
0.70
School “readiness” is related to…
A condition that exists when maturation is sufficiently developed to allow the rapid acquisition of basic academic skills
The halo effect
When an initial positive judgment unconsciously colors the perception of the individual as a whole (can confound formal observations)
Erikson’s Stages of Development
Birth-18 months: Trust v. Mistrust 2-3: Autonomy v. Shame and Doubt 3-5: Initiative v. Guilt 6-11: Industry v. Inferiority 12-18: Identity v. Role Confusion
Complaints regarding Section 504 should be directed to…
The Office for Civil Rights
When parents demand to see a test protocol…
Provide parents with qualitative information and your reasoning when interpreting results. A protocol may be used in your explanation, but not copied.
Autism is associated with…
Abnormalities in brain structures and function
Which approaches are best for building intrinsic motivation?
Cognitive approaches (e.g., choice selection)
Which therapy works best for selective mutism?
Stimulus fading (i.e., gradual desensitization)
Albert Bandura
Studied aggression in children and conducted experiments using a “Bobo” doll.
Heuristic
A tool used in problem solving and is based on reducing the number of factors to consider
What is the prevalence rate for learning disabilities?
4-8%
What is the gifted range for standard scores?
125-135
Narrative recording
Contains a running record and notes on a student
Student learning develops as target skills progress through which phases?
Acquisition -> proficiency -> generalization -> adaptation
What key sources of information should be used in an effective threat assessment?
Student of concern interview, parents, staff, and peers
What should all effective threat assessment and risk management plans contain?
Increased supervision at school and home
Dialectical behavior therapy attempt to build skills related to the following four primary areas:
mindfulness, stress tolerance, interpersonal skills, and emotional regulation
What is the primary trait of PTSD?
The urge to retell the personal perception and interpretation of the traumatic event
A concussion is commonly referred to as…
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)
Legal case most closely aligned to least restrictive environment
Oberti v. Cementon
Father of school psychology
Lightner Witmer
Perkins Act
Gives rights to transition special education students into vocational programs
Hobson v. Hansen
Schools must provide equal educational opportunities despite a family’s SES
Diana v. State Board of Education
Assessments must be administered in the native language of the student to validate minority testing practices
Larry P. v. Riles
The percentage of minority students placed in special education classrooms cannot exceed the percentage in the representative population
PASE v. Hannon
Endorsed the use of standardized tests as long as the tests are not culturally biased and are used with several other measures
PARC v. Commonwealth of PA
Marks the genesis of FAPE; intellectually disabled children should have access to public education and due process rights should be honored and preserved
Marshall v. Georgia
The percentage of minorities placed in special education can exceed the percentage in the representative population as long as the appropriate and proper steps for placement were followed
Honig v. Doe
Special education students must have a manifestation hearing to review placement if they are suspended for more than 10 days
Oberti v. Cementon
Affirmed the rights of special needs students to be included in regular education classes and activities
Rowley v. Hudson Board of Ed.
Public schools do not have to provide the best education, but rather an adequate education; defined parameters for FAPE
Tarasoff Case
A school district has a duty to warn the parents if their child is in danger
Lau v. Nichols
Schools must provide accommodations for ESL students
Tatro v. Irving Independent School District
Schools must provide medical services that do not require a medical doctor to perform such medical services, even if the child needs full-time attention from a nurse
Piaget’s Four Stages of Development
Sensorimotor (0-2): Involves motor actions and senses Preoperational (2-7): Symbolic function emerges Concrete operational (7-11): Begin to think about more than just one dimension of a problem or situation Formal operational (11+): Complex abstract thought emerges and hypothetical and deductive reasoning develops
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development
Preconventional: Behavior is based on the desire to avoid punishment and gain rewards
Conventional: Behavior is designed to acquire the approval of others and maintain social relations
Postconventional: Judgements about right and wrong are logical and behavior is controlled by an internalized ethical code that is relatively independent of the approval or disapproval of others
three levels of RTI data analysis
variability, level, and trend
What percentage of students have reported being bullied?
20-30%
Prevalence of ASD
1 in 88 people
Theory associated with perspective-taking difficulties
Theory of Mind
Best practices in pedagogy involve which broad concepts?
Explicit & systematic
How much time does a special education team have to complete a formal evaluation if signed permission to proceed has been provided?
60 days
Who is considered the first school psychologist?
Arnold Gesell
The right hemisphere of the brain is associated with…
new learning and processing novel information
The left hemisphere of the brain is associated with…
memory for learned facts, logic, and details
Cognitive processing model
attention -> encoding -> storage -> decoding
Epstein’s Model of Parental Involvement
parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home, decision making, collaborating with community
MLM
statistical model of parameters that vary at more than one level
According to NASP, suicide in the school-aged population is the
second leading cause of death
Bullying is conceptualized as
Violence characterized by a consistent abuse of power
