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APPLICATION OF CERAMICS > PRACTICE QUIZ > Flashcards

PRACTICE QUIZ Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanical Properties, thermal properties

A

hardness,
brittleness, and high melting temperatures.

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2
Q

Ceramic pieces normally cannot be
fabricated using conventional metal forming
techniques

A

TRUE

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3
Q

are a familiar group of ceramics

A

glasses

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4
Q

What are the
applications of glasses

A

containers, lenses, and fiberglass

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5
Q

they are
noncrystalline silicates containing other oxides, notably
CaO, Na2O, K2O, and Al2O3, which influence the its
properties.

A

glasses

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6
Q

consists of
approximately 70 wt% SiO2, the balance being mainly
Na2O (soda) and CaO (lime).

A

soda–lime glass

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7
Q

two prime
assets of glasses

A

optical transparency
and the relative ease with which they may be
fabricated.

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8
Q

Most inorganic glasses can be made to
transform from a noncrystalline state to one that is
crystalline by the proper high-temperature heat
treatment.

A

Crystallization

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9
Q

The product of crystallization is a fine grained polycrystalline material
that is often called a

A

glass-ceramic.

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10
Q

the formation of
these small glass-ceramic grains is, in a sense, a
phase transformation, which involves

A

nucleation and
growth stages.

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11
Q

is
often added to the glass to promote crystallization

A

nucleating agent

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12
Q

exmaple of nucleating agent

A

titanium dioxide

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13
Q

Glass-ceramic materials have been designed to have relatively high mechanical strengths

A

true

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14
Q

Glass-ceramic materials have been designed to have high coefficients of thermal expansion (to avoid thermal
shock);

A

FALSE

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15
Q

Glass-ceramic materials have been designed to have relatively high temperature capabilities;
*good dielectric properties (for electronic packaging
applications);

A

TRUE

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16
Q

Glass-ceramic materials have been designed to have good biological compatibility

A

TRUE

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17
Q

Some glass-ceramics may be made optically

A

transparent;
others are opaque.

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18
Q

the most attractive attribute of GLASS CERAMICS

A

ease with which they may be
fabricated

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19
Q

used conveniently in the mass production of nearly pore-free
ware.

A

conventional glass-forming techniques

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20
Q

Glass-ceramics are manufactured
commercially under the trade names of

A

Pyrocem
CorningWare
Cercor
Vision

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21
Q

most common uses for glass ceramics
are ovenware, tableware, oven
windows, and range tops

A

ovenware,
tableware,
oven
windows, and
range tops

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22
Q

Why are glass ceramics used in thermal environment usage

A

strength
excellent resistance to thermal shock
serve as electrical insulators
substrates for printed circuit boards
architectural cladding
heat exchangers and
regenerators

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23
Q

most widely used ceramic raw
materials

A

Clay

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24
Q

inexpensive ingredient,
found naturally in great abundance

A

clay

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25
Q

is
used as mined without any upgrading of quality

A

clay

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26
Q

its popularity lies in the ease
with which they may be formed

A

clay

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27
Q

when
mixed in the proper proportions, clay and water
form

A

plastic mass

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28
Q

is very amenable to
shaping.

A

plastic mass

29
Q

Most of the clay-based products fall within two
broad classifications

A

structural clay products and
the whitewares

30
Q

include
building bricks, tiles, and sewer pipes—applications
in which structural integrity is important.

A

Structural clay products

31
Q

become white after the high-
temperature firing. Included in this group are
porcelain, pottery, tableware, china, and plumbing
fixtures (sanitary ware).

A

Whiteware ceramics

32
Q

Another important class of ceramics
that are used in large tonnages

A

refractory ceramics.

33
Q

salient properties of refractory ceramics

A

withstand high temperatures without melting
or decomposing and the capacity to remain
unreactive and inert when exposed to
severe environments.

34
Q

most common marketed form of refactory materails

A

bricks

35
Q

The performance of a refractory ceramic
depends to a large degree on its
composition. On this basis, there are
several classifications

A
  1. Fireclay ref.
  2. Silica Ref.
  3. Basic Ref.
  4. Special ref.
36
Q

The primary ingredients for the fireclay
refractories are

A

high-purity fireclays, alumina
and silica mixtures usually containing between
25 and 45 wt% alumina.

37
Q

During refractory service use, the
presence of a small amount of a liquid phase
is not allowable so does compromising
mechanical integrity.

A

false

38
Q

at this temperature, the fraction
of liquid phase present will depend on
refractory composition

A

above 1587 degree celscius

39
Q

are used principally in
furnace construction, to confine hot
atmospheres, and to thermally insulate
structural members from excessive
temperatures.

A

fireclay bricks

40
Q

strength is
not ordinarily an important consideration in this type of brick

A

fireclay

41
Q

Its prime ingredient is silica and it is sometimes termed as acid refractories

A

Silica Ref.

42
Q

These materials, well
known for their high-temperature load-
bearing capacity, are commonly used in the
arched roofs of steel- and glass-making
furnaces

A

Silica Ref.

43
Q

slags that are rich in silica and is often used as
containment vessels for them.

A

acid slags

44
Q

Since they are readily attacked by slags
composed of a high proportion of ________, and _________contact with
these oxide materials should be avoided.

A

CaO
and/or MgO (basic slugs)

45
Q

refractories that are rich in
periclase, or magnesia (MgO), and may also contain calcium, chromium and iron compounds, are termed

A

Basic ref.

46
Q

The
presence of this compound is deleterious to Basec ref’s high-
temperature performance

A

silica

47
Q

are especially resistant to attack by slags
containing high concentrations of MgO and
CaO and find extensive use in some steel-
making open hearth furnaces

A

Basic refractories

48
Q

are relatively high-purity
oxide materials, many of which may be produced with very little
porosity.

A

Special Refractories

49
Q

Included in this group are alumina, silica, magnesia,
beryllia (BeO), zirconia (ZrO2), and mullite (3Al2O3–2SiO2)

A

speical ref.

50
Q

has been used for electrical resistance
heating elements, as a crucible material, and in internal furnace
components.

A

Silicon carbide (SiC)

51
Q

are very refractory, but find
limited application because they are susceptible to oxidation at
temperatures in excess of about 800°C (1470°F).

A

Carbon and graphite

52
Q

Expected to be relatively expensive

A

spe. ref.

53
Q

are used to wear, grind, or cut
away other material, which necessarily is softer.

A

abrasive ceramics

54
Q

he prime requisite for this group of materials
is hardness or
wear resistance; in addition,
a high degree of toughness

A

abrasive ceramics

55
Q

may be
produced from abrasive
frictional forces, so some
refractoriness is also desirable.

A

high temperatures

56
Q

both
natural and synthetic, are
utilized as abrasives

A

diamond

57
Q

are used in several forms—
bonded to grinding wheels, as coated
abrasives, and as loose grains

A

abrasives

58
Q

the abrasive particles are
bonded to a wheel by means of a glassy
ceramic or an organic resin

A

bonded to form grinding wheels

59
Q

The surface
structure should contain some porosity; a
continual flow of air currents or liquid coolants
within the pores that surround the refractory
grains prevents excessive heating

A

true

60
Q

are those in which an
abrasive powder is coated on some type of
paper or cloth material

A

Coated abrasives

61
Q

is probably
the most familiar example of coated abrasive

A

sandpaper

62
Q

are all frequently ground
and polished using this form of abrasive

A

woods, metal, cermaics and plastics

63
Q

are all frequently ground
and polished using this form of abrasive

A

loose abrasive grains

64
Q

delivered in some type of oil- or water-based
vehicle

A

loose abrasive grains

65
Q

Several familiar ceramic
materials are classified as
inorganic

A

cements

66
Q

cement,
plaster of paris, and lime,
which, as a group, are produced
in extremely large quantities.

A

cements

67
Q

materials act as a
bonding phase that chemically binds
particulate aggregates into a single cohesive
structure.

A

cements

68
Q

glassy bonding phase that forms when clay
products and some refractory bricks are fired.
One important difference, however, is that the
cementitious bond develops at room
temperature

A

true

69
Q

consumed in the largest
tonnages

A

Portland cement

APPLICATION OF CERAMICS (2 decks)

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