Practice Questions Unit 3 Flashcards
Neurones have two major functional properties.
What are these properties?
Select one: A. Impulsivity and reactivity B. Irritability and conductivity C. Plasticity and regeneration D. Sensory and effectory
B. Irritability and conductivity
What is the normal pressure inside the eyeball?
Select one: A. 10-15mmHg B. 15-20mmHg C. 20-25mmHg Incorrect D. 25-30mmHg
B. 15-20mmHg
Otitis externa refers to …
Select one:
A. infection of the inner ear and may be preceded by an upper respiratory infection
B. infection of the middle ear and may be preceded by an upper respiratory infection
C. inflammation of the external ear canal with a consequent loss of balance Incorrect
D. inflammation of the external ear canal, which could be caused by an allergy
D. inflammation of the external ear canal, which could be caused by an allergy
Three of the following are algogens; which one is not?
Select one: A. ATP Incorrect B. Bradykinin C. Dopamine D. Histamine
C. Dopamine.
One direct consequence of the production of algogens is to …
Select one: A. cause inflammation B. experience pain C. increase body temperature D. increase production of white blood cells
B. Experience pain.
Nociceptors are involved in the pain system and are common in which three of the following
In joints
In the cerebral cortex
Under the skin
Within the periosteum membrane surrounding bones
Select one: A. 1, 2 and 3 Incorrect B. 1, 2 and 4 C. 1, 3 and 4 D. 2, 3 and 4
C. 1, 3 and 4.
Which of the following is about 14 times more common in women than in men?
Select one: A. Hypersecretion of growth hormone B. Hyposecretion of growth hormone C. Hyperthyroidism Incorrect D. Hypothyroidism
D. Hypothyroidism (under activity of the thyroid)
Which of the following hormones does the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland release in response to nervous impulses from the hypothalamus?
Select one: A. Prolactin B. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone C. Oxytocin D. Follicle stimulating hormone
C. Oxytocin
How long does the process of sperm production and maturation take?
Select one: A. 60 days B. 70 days C. 80 days D. 90 days
B. 70 days.
What is the tube called that surrounds the testes? This is where sperm leaves the seminiferous tubules via this tube and enters he vas deferens (sperm duct)?
Epididymus.
Where in the reproductive system is the fundus found?
Select one: A. In the uterus B. In the cervix C. In the oviduct Incorrect D. In the vagina
A. In the uterus.
What process deters invasion of the vagina by pathogens?
Select one:
A. Production of ethanoic acid by lactobacilli Incorrect
B. Production of ethanoic acid by acetobacter species
C. Production of lactic acid by lactobacilli
D. Growth of Penicillium notatum
C. Production of lactic acid by lactobacilli
What is Benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy?
The gradual enlargement of the prostate may squeeze the urethra passing through it, leading to problems with passing urine.
Slow or intermittent urine flow in men may indicate which of the following conditions?
Select one: A. Benign prostatic hyperplasia B. Diabetes C. Erectile dysfunction D. Veno-occlusive disease
A. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
What is moniliasis more commonly known as?
Select one: A. Thrush B. Cystitis Incorrect C. Uterine carcinoma D. Ovarian cancer
A. Thrush
Which hormone increases glomerular filtration rate?
Select one: A. Atrial natriuretic peptide B. Angiotensin II C. Aldosterone D. Antidiuretic hormone
A. Atrial natriuretic peptide
The glomerulus sits in the:
Select one: A. loop of Henle Incorrect B. Bowman's capsule C. afferent arteriole D. distal convoluted tubule
B. Bowman’s capsule
Approximately how many microscopic filtration structures (“nephrons”) does a kidney contain?
Select one: A. Ten million (10 000 000) B. One million (1 000 000) C. One hundred thousand (100 000) Incorrect D. Ten thousand (10 000)
B. One million (1 000 000)
The area of the kidney called the ‘pelvis’ contains …
Select one: A. collecting ducts B. glomeruli C. loops of Henle Incorrect D. nephrons
A. Collecting ducts.
The following describes some common pathologies seen within the urinary system:
A. Blood cells and plasma proteins pass through the membranes into the filtrate
B. There is a decrease in glomerular filtration
C. Inflammation can be caused by an allergic reaction to bacterial toxins
D. Large numbers of microbes are present in the urine
Which of these statements would apply in the case of a urinary tract infection?
D. Large numbers of microbes are present in the urine
Cystitis is an infection of the …
Select one: A. bladder B. kidney C. ureters D. urethra
A. Bladder.
Three of the following are neurotransmitters; which one is not?
Select one: A. Acetylcholine B. Cortisol C. Noradrenaline Incorrect D. Serotonin
The correct answer is: Cortisol
Pain can be acute or chronic, depending on how long it lasts. Which line of the table summarises best the likely time differential?
( < = less than > = more than)
Acute
Chronic
A
< 6 seconds
> 6 seconds
B
< 6 minutes
> 6 minutes
C
< 6 hours
> 6 hours
D
< 6 weeks
> 6 weeks
D
< 6 weeks
> 6 weeks
Which of the following are fast-adapting sensors and are found in the dermis and skeletal muscles?
Select one: A. Nociceptors Incorrect B. Thermoreceptors C. Exteroreceptors D. Proprioceptors
B. Thermoreceptors
Which of the following controls the production of milk from the mammary glands?
Select one: A. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone B. Follicle stimulating hormone Incorrect C. Growth hormone D. Prolactin
D. Prolactin
Which endocrine gland produces adrenaline?
The adrenal glands, which are just above the kidneys
What effect does the drug acarbose have on the body?
Select one:
A. It inhibits the absorption of glucose from the gut
B. It inhibits glucose production by the liver
C. It stimulates the absorption of glucose from the gut
D. It stimulates glucose production by the liver
A. It inhibits the absorption of glucose from the gut
Cushing’s syndrome is a disease resulting from:
Select one: A. overactivity of the thryoid gland B. overactivity of the adrenal gland C. underactivity of the thyroid gland Incorrect D. underactivity of the adrenal gland
B. Over activity of the adrenal gland.
Which two of the following are produced by the testes?
Select one:
A. Testosterone and sperm
B. Secretions containing fructose and seminal fluid
C. Secretions containing fructose and testosterone
D. Seminal fluid and sperm
A. Testosterone and sperm
What happens to a newly released ovum?
Select one:
A. It is guided into the uterus by the fimbria
B. It is guided into the oviduct by the fimbria
C. It is guided into the oviduct by ciliated epithelia
D. It is guided into the uterus by ciliated epithelia
B. It is guided into the oviduct by the fimbria
Which hormone has a sharp rise at day 14 of the menstrual cycle? Select one: A. Oestrogen B. Luteinising hormone C. Progesterone D. Follicle stimulating hormone
B. Luteinising hormone.
A male patient undergoing chemotherapy and hormone therapy is likely to be suffering from which reproductive disorder?
Select one: A. Thrush B. Prostate cancer C. Erectile dysfunction D. Benign prostatic hypertrophy/hyperplasia
B. Prostate cancer.
A common problem with the male urinary/reproductive system in older men is called BPH.
What do the letters BPH stand for?
Select one: A. Balanced Peripheral Homeopathy B. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia C. Bladder Protein Homeostasis D. Blood Pressure Hypertension
B. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
When the water content in the blood is low, which gland releases anti-diuretic hormone?
Select one: A. Adrenal B. Pineal C. Pituitary D. Thyroid
C. Pituitary
Which hormone reduces glomerular filtration rate?
Select one: A. Atrial natiuretic peptide Incorrect B. Angiotensin II C. Aldosterone D. Antidiuretic hormone
B. Angiotensin II
Which substances are reabsorbed by the loops of Henle?
Select one: A. glucose and amino acids B. glucose, urea and water C. salts, glucose and water D. salts and urea
C. salts, glucose and water
What term is ascribed to renal patients who have lost 75% of their nephrons?
Select one: A. Renally impaired B. Renally incompetent C. Renally insufficient D. Renally invalid
C. Renally insufficient
What approximate percentage of erectile dysfunction cases are caused by physical problems with blood supply?
Select one: A. 33% B. 50% C. 66% D. 75%
C. 66%
