Practice Questions

Question 1

Name the most superficial connective tissue relating to the skeletal muscle

Answer 1

Epimysium- Surrounds the whole muscle (most superficial = closest to surface)

Question 2

What does the abbreviation CSF stand for?

Answer 2

Cerebrospinal fluid- CSF surrounds the brain and spinal cord and provides protection and nutrients

Question 3

Which organelle is considered the main ‘control centre’ of the cell?

Answer 3

Nucleus- contains DNA in the form of chromosomes

Question 4

What is the prefix in the term tachycardia?

Answer 4

Tachy- the prefix is the start of the word

Question 5

Which layer of the skin contains nerves and blood vessels?

Answer 5

Dermis- contains all the ‘stuff’ (nerves, hair, blood vessels, glands etc)

Question 6

What does trichotillomania refer to?

Answer 6

The abnormal, compulsive condition of pulling out one’s hair- trich/o = hair till/o = pulling out mania = abnormal, compulsive condition

Question 7

What are the proximal and distal extremities of a long bone called?

Answer 7

Epiphyses (-es = plural, singular would be epiphysis)

Question 8

What do ligaments connect?

Answer 8

Bones to bones

Question 9

What attaches bones tendons?

Answer 9

Tendons attach directly to bones so nothing connects these

Question 10

What connects muscles to bones?

Answer 10

Tendons

Question 11

What connects muscles to muscles?

Answer 11

Fascia and other connective tissue

Question 12

Which primary tissue type would chondrocytes be found in?

Answer 12

Connective- chondr/o = cartilage = connective tissue

Question 13

The deltoid has which type of muscle fibre arrangement?

Answer 13

Multipennate

Question 14

What is the second component of the cardiac conduction system?

Answer 14

AV node

SA node= 1st component
Bundle of His= 3rd component
Purkinje fibres= 4th (or 5th if you count bundle branches)

Question 15

Which blood vessel has the smallest lumen?

Answer 15

Capillaries: one cell thick for efficient diffusion

Question 16

The term ‘oste/o’ forms which word component?

Answer 16

Combining form: provides information regarding the specific body part affected and has a combining vowel

Question 17

True or false: T lymphocytes are produced and matured in the thymus

Answer 17

False: They are produced in the bone marrow and matured in the thymus

Question 18

What can the peyer’s patches in the small intestine be classified as?

Answer 18

MALT and GALT
Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
Gut associated lymphoid tissue

Question 19

Which line of defence includes the gut microflora?

Answer 19

1st line of defence- physical, chemical and microbiological barriers

Question 20

What does CCU stand for?

Answer 20

Coronary care unit

Question 21

What is the 3rd section of the small intestine?

Answer 21

Ileum

Question 22

What is the name of the membrane which lines the outside of abdominal organs?

Answer 22

Peritoneum

Question 23

What occurs during inspiration?

Answer 23

Increased thoracic volume- air rushes in

Question 24

What is a thoracotomy?

Answer 24

Surgical incision into the thoracic cavity

Question 25

Which term refers to vomiting of blood?

Answer 25

Haematemesis

Question 26

The ascending colon, transverse colon and descending colon all refer to regions of what digestive organ?

Answer 26

Large intestine (colon)

Question 27

What is the role of the gallbladder?

Answer 27

Store and concentrate bile

Question 28

What are the main components of the urinary system, in order through which urine flows?

Answer 28

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Question 29

The sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems are all what divisions of what nervous system?

Answer 29

Autonomic nervous system

Question 30

Which part of a neuron provides a fatty insulation to help speed up the transmission of action potentials?

Answer 30

Schwann cell- produces myelin sheath which wraps around the axon

Question 31

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for processing vision, colour and shape?

Answer 31

Occipital lobe

Question 32

Which of the following is responsible for focusing light onto the retina?

Answer 32

Lens

Question 33

What is the function of the cochlea?

Answer 33

To convert soundwaves into neural signals

Question 34

Which receptors are involved in smell and taste?

Answer 34

Chemoreceptors

Question 35

What is the function of the conjunctiva?

Answer 35

To supply nutrients and lubrication to the eye

Question 36

The levels of which essential nutrient ion are regulated by the parathyroid gland?

Answer 36

Calcium

Question 37

What is dysarthria?

Answer 37

The abnormal condition of difficulty speaking?

Question 38

What is the name of the medical condition which refers to inflammation in bones and joints?

Answer 38

Osteoarthritis

Question 39

What does BMI stand for?

Answer 39

Body mass index

Question 40

Which type of muscle is striated and involuntary?

Answer 40

Cardiac