Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSA > Practice paper notes > Flashcards

Practice paper notes Flashcards

1
Q

Emergency treatment for anaphylaxis

A

Adrenaline (base) 0.5mg for anaphylaxis 1mg/1ml (1 in 1,000) solution for injection pre-filled syringes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Classes of shock

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drugs that cause hyperkalaemia

A
  • heparins
  • ACE inhibitors (-ril)
  • Anti-rejection (organ) drugs (tacrolimus, ciclosporin)
  • K sparing diuretics - spironolactone, amiloride, and triamterene
  • Angiotensin II receptor blockers - Candesartan, Losartan, Azilsartan (-artan)
  • NSAIDS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Drugs that should be stopped before surgery

A
  • All that aren’t necessary
  • Anti-platelet
  • Anti-coag
  • Blood thinning
  • Contraceptive
  • Lithium
  • Potassium-sparing diuretic
  • Ace-inhibitor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Drugs that are nephrotoxic

A
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Allupurinol (gout)
  • Ciclosporin
  • Abx
    • Aminoglycosides - gent
    • Nitrofurantoin
    • Trimethoprim
    • Ciprofloxacin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Drugs that should not be stopped during surgery (rule of thumb)

A
  • Neuro/psych drugs
  • Endocrine (steriods/thyriod)
  • Immunomodulators
  • Cardiovascular
  • Glaucoma
  • Drugs of dependence

(Corticosteriods Antiepileptics Antiparkinsonian drugs Antipsychotics Anxiolytics Bronchodilators Cardiovascular drugs Glaucoma drugs Immunosuppressants Drugs of dependence Thyroid Antithyroid drugs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Drugs that cause confusion

A
  • Steriod
  • Opiod
  • Benzos (diazepam)
  • trazodone hydrochloride (psych drugs)
  • NSAIDS
  • ABx
  • Muscle relaxants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Drugs that cause hyperglycaemia

A
  • Steriods
  • In diabetes
    • B blockers
    • Thiazide diuretics
    • Anti psychotics
    • HIV and AIDS medications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Drugs that cause hyponatraemia

A
  • Thiazide diuretics
  • SSRIs
  • ACE-inhibitors
  • Fluids (dilutional)
  • Anti-convulsants (carbamazapine)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hepatotoxic drugs

A
  • ABx
    • Co-amox
    • Isoniazid (TB ABx)
  • Metformin
  • Immunomodulators (Azathioprine, Methotrexate)
  • NSAIDs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What drug is typically used for patients in a dystonic crisis?

A

Procyclidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Maintenance fluid perscription

A
  • 25-30mls/kg/24 hrs
  • 1 mmol/kg/24 hours sodium, chloride (0.9%saline), potassium
  • 50–100 g/24 hours glucose (e.g. glucose 5% contains 5 g/100ml)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Long term drugs that should not be stopped aburptly

A
  • Steriods
  • Beta Blockers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What range of INR is acceptable before a dose change is required?

A

+/- 0.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does low INR mean

A

Your blood clots more easily give mucho grande warfrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Drugs that cause hypokalaemia

A
  • thiazide + loop diuretic
  • Insulin
  • Steriods
  • Beta agonist (salbutamol, metaproterenol)
17
Q

K sparing diuretics

A
  • Amiloride.
  • Eplerenone
  • Spironolactone
  • Triamterene
18
Q

Thiazide diuretics

A
  • Chlorothiazide
  • Chlorthalidone.
  • Hydrochlorothiazide
  • Indapamide.
  • Metolazone.
19
Q

Loop diuretics

A
  • Bumetanide
  • Ethacrynic acid
  • Furosemide
  • Torsemide
20
Q

How does metformin work?

A
  1. Decreases hepato gluconeogenesis
  2. Decreases intestinal absorption of glucose
  3. Increases peripheral glucose uptake and usage = increase glucose sensitivity
21
Q

How does gliclazide work

A
  1. Stimulates beta cells of pancreas to release insulin
  2. Increases insulin sensitivty
22
Q

What is difference between monophasic and phasic contraception and why is each given

A
  • Both types of COC
  • Monophasic = each pill has the same progesterone and ostrogen in it
  • Phasic = not every pill has the same amount of hormone in it
  • Monophasic is your standard just give to the woman
  • Phasic is reserved for women who do not have withdrawal bleeding (hormonal period or fake period) or who get break through bleeding on monophasic
23
Q

what is your routine maintenance of:

H2O

Na, K, Cl

glucose

A

25-30 ml/kg/day H2O

1mmol/kg/day, Na, K, Cl

50-100g/day glucose

24
Q

Which drugs interact with contraception

A

All liver enzyme inducers

  • ABx (used in TB) THESE ARE REALLY BAD FOR INTERACTING
    • rifabutin
    • rifampicin
  • Anti-epileptics
    • carbamazepine
    • eslicarbazepine
    • oxcarbazepine
    • phenytoin
    • phenobarbital
    • primidone
    • topiramate
  • HIV meds
    • nevirapine
    • ritonavir
  • OTC
    • St Johns Wort
  • Anti fungal
    • griseofulvin
25
Q

Drugs MOST likely to cause GI upset

A

‘Indigestion’

  • NSAIDs
  • Allendronic acid
  • Steriods

‘Diahrroea’

  • PPI
  • Allendronic acid
26
Q

Extra-pyrimidal symptoms

A
  • Dystonia - spasms
  • Akathisia - Feeling inner restlessness, fidgeting (legs)
  • Parkinsonism - Rigidity, tremor, bradykinesia, instability
  • Bradykinesia - Slow movement
  • Tremor - Rhythmic mm contractions
  • Tardive dyskinesia - Irreg jerking

PSA (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions