Practice Multiple Choice Questions - Psychological testing

Question 1

Psychological tests are
A more relevant to psychological theory than practice
B more relevant to psychological practice than theory
C important tools for psychological research
D rarely used in research settings

Answer 1

C important tools for psychological research

Question 2

2 The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was designed to
A screen soldiers during the Second World War
B discriminate between normal adults and patient groups with particular diagnoses
C assess personality in normal adults
D assess Multiphasic Personality Disorder

Answer 2

B discriminate between normal adults and patient groups with particular diagnoses

Question 3

3 Psychological tests are objective because
A they are scored in a simple, straightforward manner
B scoring is heavily dependent on the judgment of the scorer
C different scorers are likely to produce the same test score from the same test
performance
D they are based on responses to ambiguous stimuli
D item response theory suggests that many items should be used

Answer 3

C different scorers are likely to produce the same test score from the same test
performance

Question 4

4 A psychological test is
A a measure of personality or ability
B an objective procedure for sampling and quantifying human behaviour
C a set of questions or items whose answers can be tallied to yield a total score
D a method of tapping into someone’s unconscious

Answer 4

B an objective procedure for sampling and quantifying human behaviour

Question 5

5. Psychological tests are used to
A promote self-understanding
B help make decisions about people
C measure psychological constructs
D all of the above

Answer 5

D all of the above

Question 6

6. Psychometric properties of a psychological test refer to
   A the criteria that a test needs to meet to be a useful device
   B the costs of the test
   C the number of items in the test
   D the time it takes to complete the test

Answer 6

A the criteria that a test needs to meet to be a useful device

Question 7

7. Psychological tests are usually composed of a large number of items because
   A any one item is usually influenced by a host of factors apart from the psychological
   construct of interest
   B it is better to measure many traits rather than just a few
   C total scores need to be calculated from the sum of raw scores
   D item response theory suggests that many items should be used

Answer 7

A any one item is usually influenced by a host of factors apart from the psychological
construct of interest

Question 8

8. A psychological test can become obsolete when
   A psychological theory develops to render the basis of the test obsolete
   B society changes to render the content of items less appropriate
   C society changes to render the tests norms obsolete
   D all of the above

Answer 8

D all of the above

Question 9

9. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a subprocess of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A psychological testing; observation
B psychological testing; interviewing
C interviewing; psychological assessment
D psychological assessment; observation

Answer 9

C interviewing; psychological assessment

Question 10

10. Which of the following is not usually used in psychological assessment?
A observation
B psychological testing
C interviewing
D counselling

Answer 10

D counselling

Question 11

11. In Australia and overseas, test publishers usually require test purchasers to register before
    they are allowed to buy psychological tests. This is to ensure that
    A they can afford to pay for the tests
    B the test purchasers do not have a criminal record
    C confidential test materials are supplied only to professionals who are appropriately
    trained and qualified
    D the tests are supplied only to professionals who are ethical

Answer 11

C confidential test materials are supplied only to professionals who are appropriately
trained and qualified

Question 12

12. Results for a client on a psychological test
    A should not be interpreted by a computer
    B should be interpreted by a computer
    C should be interpreted in isolation
    D should not be interpreted in isolation

Answer 12

D should not be interpreted in isolation

Question 13

13. A psychological report should
A directly and adequately answer the referral question
B be at least ten pages long
C use jargon
D be read only by the client

Answer 13

A directly and adequately answer the referral question

Question 14

14. If a psychologist violates the ethical principles of the Australian Psychological Society, they
    A may be deregistered by the registration board
    B will be fined by the Australian Psychological Society
    C will be prosecuted in a court of law
    D may be prosecuted by the Australian Psychological Society

Answer 14

A may be deregistered by the registration board

Question 15

15. The impact of culture on a test
    A is limited to the language of the test items
    B goes beyond the language of the test items
    C is only limited to intelligence tests
    D is only limited to personality tests

Answer 15

B goes beyond the language of the test items

Question 16

16. Psychological tests are better than other means of psychological assessment because they
    A are cheaper
    B have norms for comparison purpose
    C have face validity
    D are suitable for measuring all psychological constructs

Answer 16

B have norms for comparison purpose

Question 17

17. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition is an example of a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ test
A individual-administered
B group-administered
C computer-administered
D criterion-referenced

Answer 17

A individual-administered

Question 18

18. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–Second Edition is an example of a
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ test
A criterion-referenced
B performance
C self-report
D self-scoring

Answer 18

C self-report

Question 19

19. The code of ethics of the Australian Psychological Society is based on the principles of
    A respects for the rights and dignity of people and peoples, propriety and integrity
    B respects for the rights and dignity of people and peoples, propriety and education
    C discipline, propriety and integrity
    D discipline, education and integrity

Answer 19

A respects for the rights and dignity of people and peoples, propriety and integrity

Question 20

20. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
    A psychological tests can be modified to accommodate the differently abled when the
    changes are not central to the construct being assessed
    B modifying a psychological test to accommodate the differently abled is not dependent
    on the purpose of the test
    C standardised psychological test materials should not be changed to accommodate the
    differently abled
    D psychologists should not use their creativity when modifying a psychological test to
    accommodate the differently abled

Answer 20

A psychological tests can be modified to accommodate the differently abled when the
changes are not central to the construct being assessed

Question 21

21. A culture-fair psychological test
    A is the same as a culture-free test
    B has not been developed
    C is not systematically affected by differences in the cultural background of the test takers
    D is systematically affected by differences in the cultural background of the test takers

Answer 21

C is not systematically affected by differences in the cultural background of the test takers

Question 22

22. A negative sign in front of a z score
    A indicates that the mean of the raw scores of the reference sample is below the raw
    score from which it was calculated
    B means that the distribution of scores in the reference sample is skewed
    C indicates that the raw score from which it was calculated is below the mean of the
    reference sample
    D is not possible: all z scores must be positive

Answer 22

C indicates that the raw score from which it was calculated is below the mean of the
reference sample

Question 23

23. If a z score is provided for a distribution that is normal or close to it
    A the percentage of cases above the z score can be determined
    B the percentage of cases below the z score can be determined
    C the percentage of cases between the man and the z score can be determined
    D all of the above

Answer 23

D all of the above

Question 24

24. Item scores on a psychological test
    A can only be 1 or 0
    B cannot be calculated for every person taking the test
    C are obtained by applying a consistent rule
    D none of the above

Answer 24

C are obtained by applying a consistent rule

Question 25

25. A norm-referenced test
    A uses the test itself as the standard to interpret an individual score
    B uses the scores of a representative sample to interpret an individual score
    C uses people’s normal understanding of response to the test to interpret an individual
    score
    D is rarely used in psychological assessment

Answer 25

B uses the scores of a representative sample to interpret an individual score

Question 26

26. A linear transformation of test scores
    A maintains the distances among raw scores
    B increases the distances among raw scores in proportion to their magnitude
    C can only increase test scores
    D provides no simple relationship between original and transformed scores

Answer 26

A maintains the distances among raw scores

Question 27

27. The z score
    A is a widely used transformation in psychological testing
    B is a linear transformation of the original score
    C depends on the mean and standard deviation of the reference sample
    D all the above

Answer 27

D all the above

Question 28

28. That average IQ is 100
    A is inherent in the theory of intelligence
    B is entirely arbitrary
    C is based on a convention established in the eighteenth century
    D results from its origin in the country developing the metric system

Answer 28

B is entirely arbitrary

Question 29

29. A percentile score
    A expresses a raw score in terms of the percentage of cases that lie below it
    B expresses the raw score in terms of the percentage of items correct
    C expresses a raw score in terms of the percentage of such scores in a distribution
    D expresses a raw score in terms of a linear transformation of scores in the distribution

Answer 29

A expresses a raw score in terms of the percentage of cases that lie below it

Question 30

30. A psychological test can be thought of as
    A a sample of items relevant to the construct of interest
    B the population of all possible items relevant to the construct of interest
    C a sample of items, only some of which are relevant to the construct of interest
    D a sample of items from an unspecified population of items

Answer 30

A a sample of items relevant to the construct of interest

Question 31

31. If the observed score on a test varies over a wide range on repeated testing, the test is said to
be
A unreliable for that purpose
B unlikely to be dependable
C to involve a large error component
D all of the above

Answer 31

D all of the above

Question 32

32. Whether or not a test reflects a single dimension
    A can only be estimated using Cronbach’s alpha
    B is best examined using confirmatory factor analysis
    C is seldom a meaningful question
    D is another way of asking about test unreliability

Answer 32

B is best examined using confirmatory factor analysis

Question 33

33. Test-retest reliability
    A is another way of determining the internal consistency of a test
    B depends on obtaining scores at two or more points in time
    C is now an obsolete way of determining reliability given modern computing power
    D has little value because of the practice effect

Answer 33

B depends on obtaining scores at two or more points in time

Question 34

34. Inter-rater reliability
    A is concerned with judges with similar expertise making the same decisions about those
    being judged
    B is an alternative to internal consistency reliability
    C is an alternative to test-retest reliability
    D is seldom of interest in assessment situations

Answer 34

A is concerned with judges with similar expertise making the same decisions about those
being judged

Question 35

35. According to Classical Test Theory, a person’s ‘true score’ on a test
    A can vary within a range of possible values
    B is the hypothetical mean score across all possible samples of relevant items
    C is an actual value
    D is the standard deviation across all possible samples of relevant items

Answer 35

B is the hypothetical mean score across all possible samples of relevant items

Question 36

36. Establishing that a test has high internal consistency for a particular purpose
    A is sufficient for confident use of the test for that purpose
    B is the beginning of further exploration of test meaning
    C Is the seal of approval required for publication of the test
    D is the end point of test development

Answer 36

B is the beginning of further exploration of test meaning

Question 37

37. Computing coefficient alpha requires knowledge of
    A the number of test items
    B the variance of each of the items
    C the variance of total score on the test
    D all of the above

Answer 37

D all of the above

Question 38

38. Test-retest reliability might be found to be low
    A because the construct being measured varies from time to time
    B because the ratio of true score to error score variance is high
    C because different measures of the same construct have been employed
    D all of the above

Answer 38

A because the construct being measured varies from time to time

Question 39

39. Poor reliability of one or both measures being correlated can
    A reduce the magnitude of the observed correlation between them
    B reduce the magnitude of the true correlation between them
    C increase the magnitude of the true correlation between them
    D have no effect on the observed correlation between them

Answer 39

A reduce the magnitude of the observed correlation between them

Question 40

40. The validity of a test depends on
    A a rational analysis of the content of the test
    B empirical demonstration that the test is useful for particular purposes
    C consideration of relevant theory
    D all of the above

Answer 40

D all of the above

Question 41

41. Construct validity of a test
    A involves study of the implications of psychological theory
    B involves constructing the validity of the test on the basis of findings reported in the
    literature
    C requires the predictive validity of the test to be already known
    D can be done without empirical investigation

Answer 41

A involves study of the implications of psychological theory

Question 42

42. Predictive validity of a test involves
    A regression of criterion measure on test score
    B correlation of the test score with a measure of another construct
    C covariance adjustment of the test score
    D none of the above

Answer 42

A regression of criterion measure on test score

Question 43

43. The slope of the linear regression of Y on X tells us
    A how much Y changes per unit change in X
    B how much X changes per unit change in Y
    C how large a change in X is possible
    D how large a change in Y is possible

Answer 43

A how much Y changes per unit change in X

Question 44

44. Test validity is established
    A when a test is first developed and no further investigation of the question is needed
    B in a particular setting and can then be generalised to all settings without further
    empirical work
    C conditionally and can be called into question as research with it accumulates
    D by committees of experts such as the American Psychological Association

Answer 44

C conditionally and can be called into question as research with it accumulates

Question 45

45. Constructs in psychology are
A discovered in the course of psychological research
B made up by theorists
C features of the person’s biology
D both A and C

Answer 45

B made up by theorists

Question 46

46. An index of correlation
A takes a value between +1.0 and –1.0
B has as its square the amount of variance common to the variables correlated
C can take a value of zero
D all of the above

Answer 46

D all of the above

Question 47

47. In terms of decision theory, when the test score predicts the person has the characteristic in
question and this is the case, we have
A a false positive
B a valid positive
C a valid negative
D a false negative

Answer 47

B a valid positive

Question 48

48. In terms of decision theory, false negatives and false positives
    A are of equal importance
    B may differ in importance depending on context
    C are assumed to be of negligible importance
    D are equal to the sum of valid positives and valid negatives

Answer 48

B may differ in importance depending on context

Question 49

49. A test that purports to assess depression and anxiety only should
    A show a good fit to a two-factor model in a confirmatory factor analysis
    B show two factors in an exploratory factor analysis
    C show at least two factors in an exploratory factor analysis
    D both A and B

Answer 49

D both A and B

Question 50

50. Test development is best approached as
    A an intuitive exercise relying on one’s creative inspiration
    B a planned exercise calling for clear specification of requirements at each stage
    C a trial and error exercise in which a heuristic approach is vital
    D a textbook exercise in which one follows the rules

Answer 50

B a planned exercise calling for clear specification of requirements at each stage

Question 51

51. The guessing parameter associated with an item characteristic curve is estimated from
    A the position on the X axis at which the curve is located
    B the height on the Y axis at which the curve originates
    C the slope of the curve
    D none of the above

Answer 51

B the height on the Y axis at which the curve originates

Question 52

52. Difficulties with item wording in a psychological test are best revealed by
    A giving the items to a panel of experts
    B pilot testing with participants similar to those with whom the test is to be used
    C trying the items on psychologist colleagues
    D careful review by a person outside the field

Answer 52

B pilot testing with participants similar to those with whom the test is to be used

Question 53

53. Norms for psychological tests are often presented as
A percentile equivalents
B probits
C raw score totals
D none of the above

Answer 53

A percentile equivalents

Question 54

54. A test manual
    A is required to explain how a test is administered and scored
    B provides technical information about the test including (where relevant) test norms
    C outlines the theoretical or conceptual background to the test
    D all the above

Answer 54

D all the above

Question 55

55. Differential item functioning refers to
    A differences in wording of items
    B differences in parameters of item characteristic curves for different groups
    C differences in the samples used to estimate parameters
    D all of the above

Answer 55

B differences in parameters of item characteristic curves for different groups

Question 56

56. Alfred Binet’s major contribution to the area of intelligence assessment was
    A assessing complex behaviours rather than narrow reaction times
    B devising the first practical test of intelligence
    C constructing a taxonomy of mental deficiency
    D linking motor speed to intelligence

Answer 56

A assessing complex behaviours rather than narrow reaction times

Question 57

57. Who defined intelligence as ‘the aggregate or global capacity of the individual to act
    purposely, to think rationally and to deal effectively with his environment’?
    A Binet
    B Spearman
    C Terman
    D Wechsler

Answer 57

D Wechsler

Question 58

58. Which is not considered a ‘psychometric’ theory of intelligence?
    A Spearman’s ‘g’ model
    B Thurstone’s primary mental abilities model
    C Cattell-Horn-Carroll’s (CHC) model
    D Gardner’s multiple intelligences model

Answer 58

D Gardner’s multiple intelligences model

Question 59

59. The interpersonal circumplex is
    A the dysfunctional complex that can surround an interpersonal relationship
    B a way of describing relationships using the geometry of a circle
    C the complex of relationships that underlie any interpersonal interaction
    D none of the above

Answer 59

B a way of describing relationships using the geometry of a circle

Question 60

60. According to Eysenck, the basic dimensions of personality are
    A extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism
    B impulsivity, sociability and neuroticism
    C extraversion, impulsivity and psychoticism
    D hysteria, anxiety and depression

Answer 60

A extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism

Question 61

61. Mischel’s ‘person variables’ are
    A expressions of motivational forces
    B trait-like characteristics of individuals
    C unchanging features of human behaviour
    D shaped by experience and cognitive processing

Answer 61

D shaped by experience and cognitive processing

Question 62

62. Self-efficacy involves
A expectancies about the outcome of actions
B beliefs about performance
C expectancies about self-reinforcements
D all of the above

Answer 62

B beliefs about performance

Question 63

63. The clinical interview is a useful psychological assessment technique for psychologists who
    work in a mental health setting because
    A a lot of information about the client can be collected very quickly
    B it is more accurate than other psychological assessment techniques
    C it is more valid than other psychological assessment techniques
    D it enables psychologists to elicit information that is not readily available from the
    client’s record or file

Answer 63

D it enables psychologists to elicit information that is not readily available from the
client’s record or file

Question 64

64. Which of the following is not a function of the clinical interview?
A identifying malingerers
B providing information
C verifying information
D establishing rapport

Answer 64

A identifying malingerers

Question 65

65. One of the limitations of the WAIS–IV is
    A the price of the test
    B the time it takes to administer the test
    C the theory of intelligence from which it was developed
    D its low criterion-related validity

Answer 65

B the time it takes to administer the test

Question 66

66. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale
    A is a 20-item screening self-report instrument
    B contains questions to screen for alcoholism
    C contains questions relating to anxiety and depression
    D is not commonly used in Australia

Answer 66

C contains questions relating to anxiety and depression

Question 67

67. Which of the following statements has been used to support the validity of the Depression
    Anxiety Stress Scales?
    A clinical psychologists report it is useful
    B it has a very high coefficient alpha
    C there are high correlations between Depression Anxiety Stress Scales and the Beck
    Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory
    D it has a high inter-rater agreement

Answer 67

C there are high correlations between Depression Anxiety Stress Scales and the Beck

Question 68

68. The two main types of job performance are
    A input of the worker and input of the technology
    B working and doing
    C supervisor observations and peer observations
    D task performance and contextual performance

Answer 68

D task performance and contextual performance

Question 69

69. Which of the following is not covered by EEO legislation?
A marital status
B religion
C trade union membership
D education

Answer 69

D education

Question 70

70. Which of the following is a true statement?
    A satisfied workers are more productive
    B dissatisfied workers are more likely to quit
    C job satisfaction is primarily the study of individual differences
    D working conditions are the main source of job dissatisfaction

Answer 70

B dissatisfied workers are more likely to quit

Question 71

71. Personnel selection is basically the study of
A individual differences
B human cognitive abilities
C general mental ability
D personality

Answer 71

A individual differences

Question 72

72. Work sample tests
    A are specifically designed hands-on simulations of the main tasks to be performed in a
    particular job
    B have moderate predictive validities
    C require the job applicant to work through a large sample of tests
    D are critically dependent on obtaining a large sample size

Answer 72

A are specifically designed hands-on simulations of the main tasks to be performed in a
particular job

Question 73

73. The Strong Vocational Interest Inventory asks questions mainly about the respondent’s
    A personality
    B preferred working situation
    C interest in occupations, hobbies, school subjects, and types of people
    D educational achievement

Answer 73

C interest in occupations, hobbies, school subjects, and types of people

Question 74

74. The main symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease are
    A memory and learning difficulties, disorientation and loss of consciousness
    B memory and learning difficulties, disorientation and problems with abstract thinking
    C disorientation, loss of sensation and problems with abstract thinking
    D loss of consciousness, loss of sensation and problems with abstract thinking

Answer 74

B memory and learning difficulties, disorientation and problems with abstract thinking

Question 75

75. The Glasgow Coma Scale is usually associated with
A closed head injury
B open head injury
C symptomatic epilepsy
D idiopathic epilepsy

Answer 75

A closed head injury

Question 76

76. A neuropsychological assessment is usually conducted to
    A decide if a patient should be admitted to the hospital
    B guide medication prescription
    C help decide whether an MRI should be conducted
    D provide a comprehensive description of neuropsychological functions

Answer 76

D provide a comprehensive description of neuropsychological functions

Question 77

77. Which of the following is a fixed neuropsychological battery?
    A Wechsler Memory Scale–Fourth Edition
    B Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition
    C Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery
    D Boston Aphasia Battery

Answer 77

C Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery

Question 78

78. Human attention is not a unitary construct and is considered to comprise
    A focused attention, selective attention and executive attention
    B attention span, focused attention and selective attention
    C attention span, selective attention and executive attention
    D focused attention, attention span and immediate attention

Answer 78

B attention span, focused attention and selective attention

Question 79

79. Forensic assessment is considered different from therapeutic assessment because
    A the validity of the tests used is different
    B the purpose of assessment is different
    C the tests used for assessment are different
    D the time required to conduct assessment is different

Answer 79

B the purpose of assessment is different

Question 80

80. According to Heilbrun, Roger and Otto, the three types of assessment instruments used in
    forensic assessment are
    A intelligence, personality and neuropsychological
    B forensic, forensically relevant and experimental
    C forensic, forensically relevant and clinical
    D clinical, experimental and forensic

Answer 80

C forensic, forensically relevant and clinical

Question 81

81. In Australia, determination of competency to stand trial is usually conducted by
    A policemen and forensic psychiatrists
    B forensic psychologists and forensic psychiatrists
    C general medical practitioners and forensic psychologists
    D judges and forensic psychiatrists

Answer 81

B forensic psychologists and forensic psychiatrists

Question 82

82. The two methods of risk assessment/prediction are
A clinical-psychological and actuarial
B clinical-psychological and personality
C actuarial and neuropsychological
D actuarial and personality

Answer 82

A clinical-psychological and actuarial

Question 83

83. The Australian Standards of Practice for Family Assessments and Report covers
    A arranging the assessment, conducting assessment, formulating opinions and writing
    reports
    B arranging the assessment, communicating with parties, conducting assessment and
    conducting research
    C interacting with the police, conducting assessment, formulating opinions and writing
    reports
    D interacting with the police, communicating with parties, conducting assessment, and
    writing reports

Answer 83

A arranging the assessment, conducting assessment, formulating opinions and writing
reports

Question 84

84. According to Heilbrun, which of the following is not a requirement for selecting psychological
    tests to use in a court case?
    A to use commercially available tests that are documented in at least two sources
    B to use a test that has a standardisation sample with n = 1000
    C to make sure the test chosen is applicable or suitable to the person being assessed
    D to use a test that is directly relevant to the legal issue involved, or at least use a test
    that assesses psychological constructs that are relevant to the legal issue

Answer 84

B to use a test that has a standardisation sample with n = 1000

Question 85

85. High stakes testing is
    A testing where the outcome has major consequences for the person taking the test
    B testing where the outcome has major consequences for someone
    C testing where there are financial consequences
    D testing where the stakeholders themselves are involved

Answer 85

B testing where the outcome has major consequences for someone

Question 86

86. Co-norming involves
    A using the same sample to norm two related tests at the same time
    B is an abbreviation for the term ‘cooperative norming’
    C inferring the norms for one test from existing norms for a related test
    D an idea that has yet to be empirically tested

Answer 86

A using the same sample to norm two related tests at the same time

Question 87

87. Achievement tests assess
A past learning
B future learning potential
C need for achievement
D innate potential

Answer 87

A past learning

Question 88

88. Formative assessment refers to
    A using assessment devices to facilitate learning
    B assessment devices used for evaluative purposes
    C the sum of the correct answers on a test
    D the format of particular test items

Answer 88

A using assessment devices to facilitate learning

Question 89

89. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is a good example of
    A a test designed for preschool children
    B an individually administered achievement test
    C an individually administered aptitude test
    D a formative mode of assessment

Answer 89

C an individually administered aptitude test

Question 90

90. Admission tests for university entrance are most likely to be successful when they assess
A academic ability and motivation
B specific aptitudes
C social and emotional skills
D social disadvantage

Answer 90

A academic ability and motivation

Question 91

1 One of the major achievements of psychology in the twentieth century was
A the development and application of psychological tests
B the application of tests during the First World War
C the development of the Deviation IQ
D the solution of the mind-body problem

Answer 91

A the development and application of psychological tests

Question 92

2 Psychological tests are used to
A help make decisions about people
B promote self-understanding
C measure psychological constructs
D all of the above

Answer 92

D all of the above

Question 93

3 Psychological tests are
A more relevant to psychological theory than practice
B more relevant to psychological practice than theory
C important tools for psychological research
D rarely used in research settings

Answer 93

C important tools for psychological research

Question 94

4 James McKeen Cattell coined the term mental test in which decade?
A 1880–1889
B 1890–1899
C 1900–1909
D 1910–1919

Answer 94

B 1890–1899

Question 95

5 The first intelligence test was developed by
A Binet and Simon
B Spearman
C Stanford and Binet
D Terman and Wechsler

Answer 95

A Binet and Simon

Question 96

6 The first theory of intelligence was developed by
A Binet and Simon
B Spearman
C Stanford and Binet
D Terman and Wechsler

Answer 96

B Spearman

Question 97

7 Evidence of psychological testing can be traced back to
A cavemen challenging each other to lift heavy stones
B selection of candidates for the Roman senate
C public service examinations in ancient China
D Hammurabi’s code of civil law

Answer 97

C public service examinations in ancient China

Question 98

8 The Army Alpha was
A dependent on the ability to read and write
B a precursor of the Army Beta
C an early index of reliability developed by military psychologists
D the highest grade of achievement on a set of tests developed for the US army
during the First World War

Answer 98

A dependent on the ability to read and write

Question 99

9 Spearman’s g refers to
A a method of factor analysis devised by Spearman
B Spearman’s theory of intelligence
C a statistic devised by Spearman as an index of intelligence
D the common element in all cognitive tests

Answer 99

D the common element in all cognitive tests

Question 100

10 Porteus developed an early performance test based on
A block design
B mazes
C non-verbal cues
D drawing people

Answer 100

B mazes

Question 101

11 The Queensland Test was specifically designed by McElwain and Kearney to avoid
dependency on
A Spearman’s g
B motor performance
C language of administration
D mental age

Answer 101

C language of administration

Question 102

12 Wechsler based his concept of verbal and performance scales on
A the Army Alpha and Beta
B subscales from the Stanford-Binet test
C the ideas of mental age and chronological age
D Spearman’s theory of intelligence

Answer 102

A the Army Alpha and Beta

Question 103

13 The Deviation IQ is based on the notion of
A delinquency as a factor affecting the development of intelligence
B mental age versus chronological age
C a z-score
D verbal versus performance scores

Answer 103

C a z-score

Question 104

14 The first self-report test of personality was developed by
A McElwain
B Simon
C Terman
D Woodworth

Answer 104

D Woodworth

Question 105

15 The MMPI was designed to
A screen soldiers during the Second World War
B discriminate between normals and patient groups with particular diagnoses
C assess personality in normal adults
D assess Multiphasic Personality Disorder

Answer 105

B discriminate between normals and patient groups with particular diagnoses

Question 106

16 ‘Empirical keying’ refers to
A scoring a test based on its ability to discriminate between certain identifiable
groups of people
B scoring a test based on the theory of what is being measured
C scoring a test using a scoring key made out of cardboard in which small holes
reveal the correct answers
D empirically validating test scores via research

Answer 106

A scoring a test based on its ability to discriminate between certain identifiable
groups of people

Question 107

17 Objective tests are objective because
A they are scored in a simple, straightforward manner
B scoring is heavily dependent on the judgment of the scorer
C different scorers are likely to produce the same test score from the same test
performance
D they are based on responses to ambiguous stimuli

Answer 107

C different scorers are likely to produce the same test score from the same test
performance

Question 108

18 Projective tests are not objective because
A they are scored in a simple, straightforward manner
B scoring is heavily dependent on the judgment of the scorer
C different scorers are likely to produce the same test score from the same test
performance
D they are based on responses to ambiguous stimuli

Answer 108

B scoring is heavily dependent on the judgment of the scorer

Question 109

19 Projective tests originated from
A Freud’s idea that all behaviour was caused by unconscious motivational effects
B Jung’s theory of psychological types
C the attempt to develop tests that did not rely on language
D accidentally spilling ink on a test booklet

Answer 109

A Freud’s idea that all behaviour was caused by unconscious motivational effects

Question 110

20 The Rorschach ink blot test was originally designed to identify
A Freudian unconscious motivations
B artistic ability
C schizophrenia
D Jungian psychological types

Answer 110

D Jungian psychological types

Question 111

21 Psychological assessment refers to
A mental testing
B testing people using psychological tests
C the high-level reasoning process involved in the application of psychological
procedures
D writing reports based on psychological test scores

Answer 111

C the high-level reasoning process involved in the application of psychological
procedures

Question 112

22 The psychological testing enterprise began to be questioned on grounds of
A privacy
B diversity
C discrimination
D all of the above

Answer 112

D all of the above

Question 113

23 The dictation test, a key tool in enforcing the White Australia policy, involved
A migrants having to write about 50 words dictated in English
B migrants having to write about 50 words dictated in any prescribed language
C migrants having to read aloud a short passage written in English
D migrants having to read aloud a short passage written in any prescribed language

Answer 113

B migrants having to write about 50 words dictated in any prescribed language

Question 114

24 The major forms of psychological test, as we know them today, had been developed by
A the Second World War
B the 1950s
C the 1960s
D the year 2000

Answer 114

B the 1950s

Question 115

25 Psychological tests are usually composed of a large number of items because
A any one item is usually influenced by a host of factors apart from the
psychological construct of interest
B it is better to measure many traits rather than just a few
C total scores need to be calculated from the sum of raw scores
D item response theory suggests that many items should be used

Answer 115

A any one item is usually influenced by a host of factors apart from the psychological construct of interest

Question 116

26 Human judgment is influenced by
A personal bias
B halo effects
C errors of central tendency
D all of the above

Answer 116

D all of the above

Question 117

27 A psychological test is
A a measure of personality or ability
B an objective procedure for sampling and quantifying human behaviour
C a set of questions or items whose answers can be tallied to yield a total score
D a method of tapping into someone’s unconscious

Answer 117

B an objective procedure for sampling and quantifying human behaviour

Question 118

28 Tests used as a sample of behaviour require
A a large sample of individual items
B an inference from the observed behaviour to the existence of an underlying
disposition
C the direct performance of the behaviour of interest
D the use of multiple symbols

Answer 118

C the direct performance of the behaviour of interest

Question 119

29 Tests used as a sign of behaviour require
A an inference from the observed behaviour to the existence of an underlying
disposition
B the direct performance of the behaviour of interest
C a large sample of individual items
D the use of multiple symbols

Answer 119

A an inference from the observed behaviour to the existence of an underlying
disposition

Question 120

30 A psychological test can become obsolete when
A psychological theory develops to render the basis of the test obsolete
B society changes to render the content of items less appropriate
C society changes to render the tests norms obsolete
D all of the above

Answer 120

D all of the above

Question 121

1 Compared to psychological testing, psychological assessment is usually
A undertaken to answer more complex referral questions
B undertaken in two sessions
C cheaper
D less time consuming

Answer 121

A undertaken to answer more complex referral questions

Question 122

2 What is psychological assessment primarily used for?
A legal decision making
B report writing
C research
D answering referral question(s)

Answer 122

D answering referral question(s)

Question 123

3 \_\_\_\_\_ is a subprocess of \_\_\_\_\_
A psychological testing; observation
B psychological testing; interviewing
C interviewing; psychological assessment
D psychological assessment; observation

Answer 123

C interviewing; psychological assessment

Question 124

Psychological tests are better than other means of psychological assessment because
they
A are cheaper
B have norms
C have face validity
D are suitable for measuring all psychological constructs

Answer 124

B have norms

Question 125

5 Which of the following is not usually used in psychological assessment?
A psychological testing
B counselling
C interviewing
D observation

Answer 125

B counselling

Question 126

6 The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale is an example of a(n) \_\_\_\_\_ test
A individual-administered
B group-administered
C computer-administered
D criterion-referenced

Answer 126

A individual-administered

Question 127

7 The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – 2 is an example of a \_\_\_\_\_ test
A criterion-referenced
B performance
C self-report
D self-scoring

Answer 127

C self-report

Question 128

8 The Bader Reading and Language Inventory is an example of a \_\_\_\_\_ test
A group-administered
B computer-administered
C norm-referenced
D criterion-referenced

Answer 128

D criterion-referenced

Question 129

9 Psychological testing is \_\_\_\_\_ as part of psychological assessment
A rarely used
B always used
C over-used
D used, if appropriate,

Answer 129

D used, if appropriate,

Question 130

10 Which of the following areas of psychology does not use psychological tests in
practice?
A forensic
B social
C educational
D clinical

Answer 130

B social

Question 131

11 Which of the following is usually not included in the test catalogue of a publishing
company?
A purpose of tests
B price of tests
C independent reviews of tests
D administration time of tests

Answer 131

C independent reviews of tests

Question 132

12 Which of the following can be used to find out which tests have been published?
A Tests in Print
B test catalogue of Psychological Corporation
C Encyclopaedia Psychologica
D any textbook on psychological testing

Answer 132

A Tests in Print

Question 133

13 Which of the following statements is correct?
A test developers do not always follow guidelines relating to psychological testing
published by the American Psychological Association
B the Mental Measurements Yearbook reviews both published and unpublished
psychological tests
C test developers always follow guidelines relating to psychological testing
published by the American Psychological Association
D the Mental Measurements Yearbook reviews only unpublished psychological tests

Answer 133

A test developers do not always follow guidelines relating to psychological testing published by the American Psychological Association

Question 134

14 The Mental Measurements Yearbook provides
A the norms of psychological tests
B the prices of psychological tests
C independent reviews of psychological tests
D the web sites of psychological tests

Answer 134

C independent reviews of psychological tests

Question 135

15 The Mental Measurements Yearbook is published by the
A Australian Council of Educational Research
B American Psychological Association
C Australian Psychological Society
D Buros Institute of Mental Measurement

Answer 135

D Buros Institute of Mental Measurement

Question 136

16 In Australia and overseas, test publishers usually require test purchasers to register
before they are allowed to buy psychological tests. This is to ensure that
A they can afford to pay for the tests
B confidential test materials are supplied only to professionals who are appropriately
trained and qualified
C the test purchasers do not have a criminal record
D the tests are supplied only to professionals who are ethical

Answer 136

B confidential test materials are supplied only to professionals who are appropriately
trained and qualified

Question 137

17 Before administering a psychological test, a psychologist should ensure that
A the test has local norms
B the test does not have any copyright restrictions
C the test has been reviewed in the Mental Measurements Yearbook
D the test is appropriate for use with the particular client in terms of his/her
demographics

Answer 137

D the test is appropriate for use with the particular client in terms of his/her
demographics

Question 138

18 Failure to ensure that all the materials required for a psychological testing session are in
the test kit and that the test materials are intact can result in
A a waste of time for the psychologist and client
B a shorter testing time
C higher testing fees
D the need to use more tests

Answer 138

A a waste of time for the psychologist and client

Question 139

19 According to the authors of the textbook
A only novice test users make errors in scoring psychological tests
B only experienced test users make errors in scoring psychological tests
C both novice and experienced test make errors in scoring psychological tests
D none of the above

Answer 139

C both novice and experienced test make errors in scoring psychological tests

Question 140

20 Results for a client on a psychological test
A should not be interpreted by a computer
B should be interpreted in isolation
C should be interpreted by a computer
D should not be interpreted in isolation

Answer 140

D should not be interpreted in isolation

Question 141

21 A psychological report should
A directly and adequately answer the referral question
B be at least 10 pages long
C use jargon
D be read only by the client

Answer 141

A directly and adequately answer the referral question

Question 142

22 It is important for a psychologist to maintain a clearly labelled and well-organised
record of cases seen because
A it is a requirement of the Australian Psychological Society
B it is a legal requirement in many countries
C it is a requirement of the medical insurance companies
D none of the above

Answer 142

B it is a legal requirement in many countries

Question 143

23 The most extensive set of ethical guidelines issued by the Australian Psychological
Society is concerned with
A inappropriate sexual relationships between clients and psychologists
B psychological testing and assessment
C informed consent
D supervision and training of psychologists

Answer 143

B psychological testing and assessment

Question 144

24 ‘Ethics’ can be defined as the formulation of principles to
A reduce inappropriate behaviour
B punish inappropriate behaviour
C reinforce appropriate behaviour
D guide behaviour

Answer 144

D guide behaviour

Question 145

25 If a psychologist is not a member of the Australian Psychological Society, he/she
A can be exempted legally from following the ethical guidelines issued by the
Society
B does not need to follow the ethical guidelines issued by the Society
C is still bound by the ethical guidelines of the Society
D none of the above

Answer 145

C is still bound by the ethical guidelines of the Society

Question 146

26 If a psychologist violates the ethical principles of the Australian Psychological Society,
he/she
A may be deregistered by the registration board
B will be fined by the Australian Psychological Society
C will be prosecuted in a court of law
D may be prosecuted by the Australian Psychological Society

Answer 146

A may be deregistered by the registration board

Question 147

27 Which of the following statements is correct?
A ethics is the same as morality
B unlike laws, codes of ethics are readily amended
C ethics is something that cannot be taught
D psychologists who are not members of the Australian Psychological Society are
not bound by its code of ethics

Answer 147

B unlike laws, codes of ethics are readily amended

Question 148

28 The code of ethics of the Australian Psychological Society is based on the principles of
A responsibility, competence, and propriety
B responsibility, competence, and education
C responsibility, propriety, and education
D propriety, education, and discipline

Answer 148

A responsibility, competence, and propriety

Question 149

29 At the Royal Commission into Deep Sleep Therapy, the use of psychological tests by
the psychologist involved was criticised because
A the tests were too expensive
B the tests used were not developed in Australia
C the tests used were not developed to diagnose improvements in psychiatric
conditions
D none of the above

Answer 149

C the tests used were not developed to diagnose improvements in psychiatric
conditions

Question 150

30 According to the textbook, the Psychologists Registration Board of New South Wales
was established
A before the Royal Commission into Deep Sleep Therapy
B at about the same time as the Royal Commission into Deep Sleep Therapy
C after the Royal Commission into Deep Sleep Therapy
D at about the same time as the establishment of the Australian Psychological
Society

Answer 150

C after the Royal Commission into Deep Sleep Therapy