Practice Exam Questions Flashcards
What is the cause of equine infectious anaemia?
Retrovirus. Lifelong infection -> cyclic anaemia and abortions
What are the four minerals that horses sweat is known to be high in?
Chloride, potassium, calcium, magnesium
How many teeth does a normal adult sheep have?
32 - dental formula is 2(1 0/4, C 0/0, P 3/3, M 3/3
What values indicate failure of passive transfer?
4.5 - 5.5 gm/dL
What is the best time to supplementary feed cows to improve fertility?
Period 1: calving to breeding ( ~ 70-90 days)
Why shouldn’t enrofloxacin be given to young growing animals?
It is known to cause cartilage abnormalities
What is the cause of enamel staining and hypoplasia in teeth?
Tetracycline Ab’s
What is the best treatment for Giardia?
Fenbendazole/Metronidazole
What class of antibiotic if effective against Potomac horse fever?
Tetracyclines
What are three things that veterinary technicians are prohibited from performing?
performing surgical procedures, prescribing medications, and making diagnoses
What anaesthetic agent makes the dogs myocardium more sensitive to catecholamine induced arrhythmias?
Halothane
What is the treatment for mast cell tumours?
Administer diphenhydramine and recommend surgical removal with 3 cm incision margins
What is the best diagnostic test for ruling out FIP?
Rivaltas test
What is a potential post-operative sequelae of surgical incision for an insulinoma in a dog?
Diabetes mellitus
What is the most common type of urolith in the ferret?
Struvite
L-asparaginase is used to treat what kind of tumour?
Usually used in the treatment of lymphoma
Progressive unilateral paresis in a budgerigar normally indicates what?
Renal neoplasia
Nervous coccidiosis affects what age of cattle?
Affects cattle that are less than 1y of age
For Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides:
What is the cause of IBK (Pinkeye) in cattle?
Moraxella Bovis
What part of the body is Amphoteracin B toxic to?
Toxic to kidneys (nephrotoxic)
What is the cause of visceral larval migrans in humans?
Toxocara
What treatment should be given to ocular lymphoma in cattle?
Euthanasia
What is the treatment of choice for tapeworm infections?
Praziquantel
What are the structures that cross the guttural punch in a horse
- Cranial nerves 7,9,10, 12
- Sympathetic trunk
- Internal and external carotid artery
- NOT CN8
Name a disease in goats that can be controlled by genetic testing:
Beta mannosidosis - disease of anglonubian goat that can be controlled through genetic testing
Name a drug that causes splenic dilation and decreased haemoglobin concentration:
Acepromazine
What is the prognosis for oral squamous cell carcinoma in cats?
Very poor prognosis - typically untreatable
Is Clostridium perfringens type A contained in a multiclostridial vaccine?
No -
What is involved in the Cushing reflex?
Bradycardia and hypertension
For bacillary haemoglobinuria:
- State the cause of the disease
- How can it be treated?
- How can it be prevented?
- Clostridium nevi type D is the cause (associated with the liver fluke)
- Penicillin
- Fluke control - the migrating flukes → hepatic damage in aerobic areas
State two treatments that are approved for the treatment of Bovine Respiratory Disease:
- Ceftiofur - approved as a one time injection
- Ampicillin - also approved as a treatment but must be given once daily
What is the most common side effect of KBr therapy in dogs?
Sedation
What is the treatment of choice for Listeriosis?
Penicillin
What is the best hormone to use for raising milk production within dairy cows?
Somatotropin → given every 14d can be effective at prolonging lactation curve + increasing milk production
A horse presents to you with significant regions of alopecia around the tail base and perineal region:
- What is the most likely diagnosis?
- How would you confirm this diagnosis?
- Oxyuris equi
- Scotch tape preparation
For Doxorubicin and Viniscristine:
- Explain the consequences of extravasation
- Explain how you would manage these
- Doxorubicin: Severe tissue necrosis and should be treated by a cold compress to contain the spread of the drug
- Viniscristine: causes skin irritation - warm compress should be used to disperse the drug
How is diagnosis of Stepahnurus denatus (kidney worm) made in pigs?
Either necropsy or finding the ova on urinanalysis
What is the cause of Tyzzer’s disease?
Clostridium piliformis
How long does it take the intestine to heal after surgery?
5 days - that is the usual lag phase associated with collagen formation - dehiscence is very unlikely to occur after that point
What does Xanthochromia on a CSF tap indicate?
Evidence of prior haemorrhage
What is the most common/important bacterial pathogen of fish worldwide?
Aeromonas salmonicida
What is the most important part of control for Marek’s disease?
In ovo vaccination
What is the cause of vesicular stomatitis?
Rhabdovirus
What is the most common testicular tumour in horses?
Seminoma
Describe the recommended protocol for treating Heartworm within dogs:
A 30-day course of oral doxycycline, wait one month then begin melarsomine injections
What is the cause of hairy shaker lambs?
Border disease virus is the main cause of hair shaker lamb disease
For Slaframine toxicity in horses:
- State the main plant that it is seen in
- What is the main clinical signs that you would expect to see?
- Moldy red clover
- Hypersalivation
3.
How should bighead (Clostridium novyi Type A) be treated?
Wound debridment and penicillin
What is the duration of a mare’s oestrus?
6 days
How should shifting leg lameness and an inability to bend toes be treated?
Systemic allopurinol therapy
What is the agent that causes red water disease (bacillary hemoglobinuria) in cattle?
Clostridium hemolyticum (Cl Novyi type D)
Describe the effusion that is seen in cases of FIP in cattle:
classic straw or gold colored effusion with high protein counts and moderate cell counts
What cell does caprine arthritis encephalitis infect?
Monocytes
What is the cause of infectious pustular vulvovaginitis in cattle?
Typically caused by Herpesvirus
What cell is the target of PRRS in pigs lung?
Alveolar macrophages
What makes Corneybacterium pseudotuberculosis difficult to treat?
Intracellular bacterium
