Practice Exam Flashcards by Yana K

The model number for a Down syndrome translocation carrier is

44
45(+)
46
47

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Which of the following is the best tissue to use for both a good success rate and abnormality detection in spontaneous miscarriage specimen?

Parental blood
Fetal skin
Placental membranes
Chorionic villi(+)

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What is a possible cause for a drying oven not maintaining proper temperature?

The door does not seal properly(+)
The door is seldom open
The oven is on an elevated cabinet
The oven is on the laboratory floor

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A technologist with a bad cold and constant sneezing is scheduled to set up amniotic fluid specimens. If the technologist does not take proper precautions the patient specimens may be contaminated with:

Fungus
Bacteria
Mycoplasma(+)
E.coli

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Which of the following is not normally affected by slide making

Mitotic index(+)
Cell density
Banding
Chromosome spreading

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Which of the following tests should be ordered on a newborn with suspected Prader-Willi syndrome?

High resolution banding and fish for the prader-willi locus(+)
Fish only
High resolution banding only
High resolution banding and fish subtelomere studies

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When harvesting peripheral blood cultures, sterile technique is no longer necessary following incubations with:

Amethopterin
Thymidine
Colcemid(+)
Bromodeoxyuridine

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Collagenase, pronase, trypsin are:

Intercalating agents
Proteolytic enzymes(+)
Coagulants
Bacteriostatic agents

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When capturing an image, the tech cannot get the metaphase into focus. Which of the following is the most probable cause?

The camera is not parfocal with the microscope(+)
The photoeyepiece is not inserted into the camera
The metaphase is too condensed
The metaphase is too decondensed

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Unstained chromosome preparations should be viewed using a

Brightfield condenser
Phase contrast condenser(+) with a phase annulus in the condenser
Planachromatic objective
Planapochromatic objective

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The minimal band level to detect Prader-Willi is:

350
450
550(+)
850

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A regulatory inspector requests a copy of a lab patient record for his inspection files. The tech should:

Photocopy the record and give it to the inspector
Remove the patient info and photocopy the record
Deny the inspector a copy of the record
Ask the lab director for permission

Answer: patient record should not be given to anyone but the referring healthcare provider without written permission from the patient.

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According to CAP regulations, what is the minimal band level for most constitutional specimens?

300
400(+)
500
600

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Placental tissue is submitted for chromosome analysis. To optimize the likelihood of obtaining fetal cells, the tech should:

Mince the entire specimen
Select tissue from the fetal side of the specimen(+)
Select decidua
Perform a direct preparation

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The aperture stop affects resolution and contrast by:

Changing the angle of the cone of light inside the objective
Decreasing the wattage
Changing the numerical aperture
Limiting the diameter of the light beam(+)

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Which of the following is the most important info to ensure appropriate testing?

Patient gender
Reason for referral(+)
Specimen type
Time of collection

What is the correct nomenclature to describe a hematologic disorder with trisomy 21 in 6 cells and 14 cells that are normal?

46,XY[14]/47,XY,+21?c[6]
Mos47,XY,+21?c[6]/46,XY[14]
47,XY,+21?c[6]/46,XY14
46,XY/47,XY,+21?c

The G-light bands produced by routine GTG banding represent the :

Active regions of the chromosomes(+)
Late replicating regions of the chromosomes
Inactive regions of the chromosomes
Heterochromatic regions of the chromosomes

Which of the following syndromes has not been associated with a microdeletion?

Prader-Willi
DiGeorge
Rubinstein-Taybi(+)
Langer-Giedion

The dark bands produced by GTG banding represent

A-T rich regions of the chromosomes (+) late replicating, heterochromatic and contain few active genes
C-G rich regions of the chromosomes
Early replicating regions of the chromosomes
Regions with many active genes

GTG banded chromosomes appear ghost-like with little visible banding. The tech should alter the staining procedure by:

Increasing trypsin time
Decreasing trypsin time(+)
Increasing Giemsa staining time
Decreasing Giemsa staining time

50 out of 200 cells in a prenatal aneusomy FISH analysis have 3 signals for chromosome 18. These results are:

Consistent with trisomy 18
Likely an artifact
Consistent with mosaic trisomy 18
Consistent with either trisomy 18 or a structural anomaly of chromosome 18(+)
Since the test is done on interphase cells, the tech cannot distinguish between a trisomy or structural anomaly. It is also not possible to definitely say this patient is mosaic.

If the same hybridization incubator is used for several different probe strategies, the stringency for each probe can be adjusted by:

Adjusting the temperature
Using an indirect labeled probe
Adjusting the formamide and salt concentrations(+)
Adjusting the aging of the slide

Optimal banding quality is achieved for each patient sample by banding:

Slides one patient at a time
Random trial slides
One trial slide from each patient(+)
Fresh slides to prevent change of trypsin activity

In fluorescent microscopy, the exciter and barrier filters used depend on which of the following?

Condenser Objective Stain(+) Camera

Which of the following is the most useful reference for arranging chromosomes in a karyotype?

AGT manual CAP regulations ISCN(+) Laboratory manual

What action should be taken when an amniotic fluid specimen has an apparently balanced 6;12 translocation in 15 colonies?

Do not report until more cells are analyzed Report and request another specimen Report and request parental chromosome studies(+) Report and request a blood specimen when the infant is born

Which of the following is necessary for proper storage of chemicals in the lab?

Leaving chemicals in their shipping cartons Storing chemicals in alphabetical order Obtaining proper storage info from the manufacturer(+) Storing chemicals together in a nonflammable cabinet

A 14 yo girl presents with short stature and primary amenorrhea. 1 of 20 cells are missing an X chromosome, but this one cell has a small unidentifiable marker chromosome. Which of the following should be done next?

Report as 46,X,+mar[1]/46,XX[19] Count additional cells Utilize additional stains to identify the marker Request another tissue type

A patient with CML presents with a chromosome finding of t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) at diagnosis. A second bone marrow analysis reveals t(9;22) and an additional chromosome 8. This is indicative of:

CML at diagnosis A response to treatment The blast phase of CML(+) A good prognosis

Which of the following is a reason a metaphase cell cannot be located when changing from a 40x to 100x oil immersion objective?

Field stop diaphragm not centered The lamp out of center Field stop diaphragm not focused 100x objective slightly unscrewed (+)

A technologist is scheduled to karyotype several cases using a computer image analysis system. All of the following actions should be taken to minimize repetitive motion injury except:

Supporting the arm that controls the computer mouse Standing up and moving around often Alternating hands while operating the computer mouse Taking breaks from looking at the computer screen(+)

According to CAP the number of karyotypes that must be prepared for neoplastic disorders is:

1 karyotype per stem line and 1 karyotype per sideline 2 karyotypes per stem line and 2 karyotypes per sideline 2 karyotypes per stem line and 1 karyotype for one sideline 2 karyotypes per stem line and 1 karyotype for each sideline(+)

The correct modal number for a patient with Turner syndrome with an isochromosome Xq is:

``` 44 45 46 47 The isochromosome Xq replaces one normal X ```

For short-term storage, fixed-cell suspensions should be:

In DMSO In liquid nitrogen At room temp Refrigerated in fix(+)

Which of the following should be used on a cultured cvs to obtain more slides for analysis

L-glutamine Phytohemagglutinin Bromodeoxyuridine Trypsin-EDTA(+)