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AAMC Missed questions > Practice Exam 1 > Flashcards

Practice Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Sn1 reactions

A

Tertiary alcohols, carbocation and varied stereochemistry. 2 products

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2
Q

Sn2 reactions

A

Primary and Secondary alcohols, INVERTED stereochemistry and only 1 product

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3
Q

Chromatography TLC and Paper

A

TLC- gel Paper-celullose Stationary phase is more polar If water is stationary phase then since you know water has hydrogen bonding the mobile phase that “sticks” the most to the stationary phase will be the one with more hydrogen bonding. Also, if more polar sticks more. Non polar travel further

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4
Q

Gas chromatography

A

Smallest molecular weight and weakest intermolecular forces will travel the fastest

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5
Q

Forming an Ester Who loses OH

A

Ester: COOH + ROH Carboxylic Acid loses OH

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6
Q

Enzymes affect chemical reactions by stabilization of

A

the transition state changes the activation energy of the reaction

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7
Q

To decrease the ionization of CH3COOH (acetic acid) [weak acid btw]

A

Add a strong acid like HCl, which will increase the H+ in solution and decrease the amount of CH3CO2H that ionizes

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8
Q

Strong acids

A

HCLO4 perchloric acid HCl, HBr, HI H2SO4 HNO3

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9
Q

Einstein-Plank Equation

A

E= h*f= h*c/lambda

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10
Q

Standard Atmospheric Pressure

A

760mmHg

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11
Q

9L/ 10 min

A

9000ml/10 min—> 900/min

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12
Q

Peptide bonds

A

Planar bond, can have double bond character due to resonance

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13
Q

Peptide Bond

A

N—–C Lose a water molecule when forming a peptide bond

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14
Q

AA abreviations Asp Asn Arg

A

Aspartic Acid (Acid) Asparginine (3N’s) Arginine (basic)

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15
Q

What is special about the side-chains of aa?

A

Their net charge responds to pH

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16
Q

Octohedral compounds

A

d2sp3

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17
Q

Ideal gas

A

Intermolecular forces and individual volume are negligible

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18
Q

Different colors related to wavelength

A

Different wavelengths bc molecules have different structures

19
Q

Phosphate groups come from

A

ATP

20
Q

Lipase enzyme

A

Hydrolisis of tryacylglicerides

21
Q

Glycogen

A

large molecule composed of alpha 1,4 glycosidic bonds

22
Q

Beta decay

A

Converts a neutron into a proton (add +1 to atomic number) X——> X (+1) + Beta

23
Q

Alpha decay

A

A (mass number) loses 4 Z (atomic number) loses 2

X—–> X (-4,-2) + alpha

24
Q

Positron decay

A

Converts a proton into a neutron ( subtract -1 to atomic number)

25
Q

What is the bond in glycogen that characterizes branching

A

alpha-1,6- glycosidic bond

26
Q

Gamma decay

A

Emission of photons by the nucleus

27
Q

Entropy

A

Positive= more disorder Negative= less disorder Is positive if s+l= gas Lowest to highest solids< liquids < gases

28
Q

If solid catalyst is finely ground before adding it to a reaction mixture then

A

The rate will be faster because a greater surface area of catalyst will be exposed (it increases the amount of catalyst available to a reaction)

29
Q

Factors that affect the reaction rate

A

Rxn concentrations, temperature, medium, catalyst

30
Q

Redox Reaction

A

A more electronegative atom is likely to be oxidized

31
Q

E<span>0</span>

A

If greater than zero than spontaneous (positive)

32
Q

Units of Power

A

J/s

N*m/s

W

ft*lb/s

kg*m2/s<span>3</span>

33
Q

Index of refraction

A

When light enters a medium with a higher index of refraction it bends towards the normal

When light enters a medium with a smaller index of refraction if bends awaay from the normal

n= c/v

34
Q

Converging

A

Concave mirror

Convex lens

Is positive

positive focal point

image is upright

real

35
Q

Diverging

A

Convex mirror

Concave lens

Is negative

neg focal point

image is inverted

virtual

36
Q

Intensity of electromagnetic radiation

A

The intensity of a beam of electromagnetic radiation is the energy it delivers per second. The energy of the beam of electromagnetic radiation is delivered by the photons. Therefore the intensity depends on two things:

The number of photons that are arriving per second

The amount of energy carried by each photon

37
Q

Common Ion Effect

A

Must be a saturated solution

A common ion is introduced and causes the reaction to shift back to a solid state to precipitate

38
Q

DNA backbone

A

Sugar plus phospate

39
Q

Denaturation

A

breaks hydrogen bonds

(boiling)

40
Q

Annealing

A

Allowing sample to cool to be brought back together

41
Q

Replication

A

of DNA

Happens during S phase of mitosis

42
Q

Central dogma

A

DNA-RNA-Protein

43
Q

Directionality of DNA replication

A

Read up 3’———5’

Write down 5’——3’

44
Q

Leading strand directionality

A

3’——5’

complimentary will be synthesized 5’——3

AAMC Missed questions (1 decks)

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