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Psychology 121 > Practice Exam 1 > Flashcards

Practice Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

The study of mental processes such as thinking,perception, information processing,etc. is a key element in _________ psychology.

A

Cognitive

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2
Q

According to John B. Watson, psychology should be the study of

A

Behavior

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3
Q

Psychology is

A

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

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4
Q

Freud believed that all thoughts and actions are determined by

A

Forces in the personality that are often unconscious

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5
Q

Of the following, who was a structuralist?

  • B.F. Skinner
  • John Watson
  • Wilhelm Wundt
  • William James
A

Wilhelm Wundt

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6
Q

Psychiatrists differ from psychologists in that psychiatrists

A

Are physicians with a specialization in abnormal behavior and psychotherapy

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7
Q

William James wrote Principles of Psychology and founded

A

Functionalism

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8
Q

According to John Watson, introspection was

A

Unscientific

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9
Q

A psychologist using the method of naturalistic behavior would

A

Observe behavior as it happens outside the laboratory or clinic

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10
Q

In a study of affects of alcohol on driving ability, the control group should be given

A

No alcohol at all

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11
Q

A study to determine the degree of relationship between two events is called

A

The correlation method

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12
Q

In an experiment to find out if taking ginseng increase IQ scores, the IQ scores would be

A

The dependent variable

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13
Q

An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning. Two group study the same material, one while listening to music and another without music. The independent variable is

A

Music

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14
Q

Which of the following coefficient of correlation indicates the strongest relationship between two sets of variables?

A

-0.98

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15
Q

An advantage of the experimental method in psychology is

A

The identification of a cause and effect relationship

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16
Q

A simple experiment has two groups of subjects called

A

The control group and experimental group

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17
Q

The effects of brain injury on personality would usually be investigated by the use of

A

Case study method

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18
Q

Neurons are made up of dendrites, cell body, and

A

Axons

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19
Q

The conduction of a nerve impulse down the axon it’s called a(n)

A

Action potential

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20
Q

Part of the neuron that specializes in receiving messages from other neurons is the

A

Dendrite

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21
Q

The “emergency” part of the nervous system that prepares the body for “flight or fight” is the ________ branch.

A

Sympathetic

22
Q

The chemicals released at an axon terminal are called

A

Neurotransmitters

23
Q

The autonomic nervous system contains two branches called the

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

24
Q

The microscopic the space between two neurons called a(n)

A

Synapse

25
Q

The fatty layer of tissue that insulated axons and gives many nerves a whitish color is called

A

Myelin

26
Q

What effect do neurotransmitters from one neuron have on the next neuron?

A

They may excite or inhibit it

27
Q

Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in

A

A loss of muscular coordination

28
Q

An elderly acquaintance of yours has suffered from partial blindness since she had a stroke. Apparently, the stroke damaged her

A

Occipital lobe

29
Q

An EEG records

A

Electrical impulses from the brain

30
Q

The cerebral cortex is composed of two sides or

A

Hemispheres

31
Q

In order to perform a spilt-brain operation,the ___________ must be severed.

A

Corpus callosum

32
Q

Which of the following is most closely associated with language comprehension?

A

Wernicke’s area

33
Q

The reflex control centers for vital life functions like heart rate and breathing are found in the

A

Medulla

34
Q

Experiments with animals have found pleasure centers to be located in the

A

Hypothalamus

35
Q

The area of the frontal lobe that directs the body’s muscles is called the

A

Motor cortex

36
Q

Bodily sensations such as touch,temperature, and pressure register in which brain area?

A

The parietal lobes

37
Q

Which of the following changes would you expect to occur in someone whose frontal lobes were damaged in an accident?

A

Reduced reasoning and planning abilities and changes in personality

38
Q

Language is controlled by the ___________ of the brain.

A

Left hemisphere

39
Q

The reticular formation (RF) is associated with

A

Attention and wakefulness

40
Q

The hippocampus

A

Is associated with forming lasting memories

41
Q

A sudden, irresistible urge to sleep, which lasts a few minutes to half an hour during the daytime, is called

A

Narcolepsy

42
Q

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of dream sleep?

A

Rapid eye movements

43
Q

At the center of the activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming is the need to

A

Provide explanations for physiological activity

44
Q

A sleep disturbance characterized by snoring, short silence, and gasps is called

A

Sleep apnea

45
Q

Lawrence Kohlberg is known for his research in the area of _______ development.

A

Moral

46
Q

During the formal operations stage, children begin to

A

Think in terms of abstract principles and hypothetical possibilities

47
Q

Harlow’s finding that baby monkeys prefer a terrycloth surrogate mother to a wire mother demonstrates the importance of

A

Contact comfort

48
Q

Newborn children

A

Can follow a moving object with their eyes

49
Q

Substances capable of causing birth defects are known as

A

Teratogens

50
Q

According to __________, all children pass through a series of distinct stages in their intellectual development.

A

Plaget

Psychology 121 (1 decks)

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