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Cardiovascular ECG > Practical points > Flashcards

Practical points Flashcards

1
Q

how long should the p wave (atrial depolarisation) normally take?

A

0.08-0.12 seconds

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2
Q

how long should the p wave (atrial depolarisation) normally take?

A

0.08-0.12 seconds

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3
Q

how long should the QRS complex (ventricular depolarisation) normally take?

A
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4
Q

why does the T wave have an upward deflection?

A

the repolarisation - which would normally be negative is moving in a direction opposite to that of the depolarisation

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5
Q

Depolarization moving _____ the recording (+ve) electrode gives an upward deflection on the ECG, whereas ____ from causes a downward deflection

A

Depolarization moving towards the recording (+ve) electrode gives an upward deflection on the ECG, whereas away from causes a downward deflection

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6
Q

what does the T wave represent?

A

ventricular repolarisation

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7
Q

why is aVR inverted?

A

because the predominant vector is depolarisation moving away from the electrode

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8
Q

why does aVL and lead III have poorly resolved P and T waves?

A

the predominant vector is approximately perpendicular to the lead axis

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9
Q

why does lead II have a well resolved P and T wave?

A

the vector is approximately parallel to the lead axis

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10
Q

how long should the PR interval be?

A

(0.12- 0.2 seconds

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11
Q

what does the PR interval represent?

A

largely AV nodal delay

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12
Q

how do you work out the HR if it is irregular?

A

COUNT THE NUMBER OF QRS COMPLEXES IN 30 LARGE SQUARES, AND MULTIPLY BY 10

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13
Q

ST elevation in which leads indicates inferior infarct?

A

II,III,aVF

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14
Q

ST elevation in which leads indicates Lateral infarct?

A

I, aVL, V5/6

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15
Q

ST elevation in which leads indicates anterior infarct?

A

V3 and V4

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16
Q

ST elevation in which leads indicates Septal infarct?

A

V1 ans V2

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17
Q

which two leads indicate axis?

A

I and avF

18
Q

if leads I and aVF are both positive, axis is…

A

normal

19
Q

if leads I and aVF are both negative, axis is…

A

extreme RAD or extreme LAD

20
Q

if lead I is positive but aVF is negative, axis is…..

A

LAD

21
Q

if Lead I is negative but aVF is positive, axis is…..

A

RAD

22
Q

what are the 5 steps in ECG interpretation

A

Verify patient details: name and date of birth

Check date and time in which the ECG was taken

Check the calibration of the ECG paper

Look at the rhythm strip

Look at individual leads for voltage criteria changes OR any ST or T-wave changes

23
Q

how long should the QRS complex (ventricular depolarisation) normally take?

A
24
Q

why does the T wave have an upward deflection?

A

the repolarisation - which would normally be negative is moving in a direction opposite to that of the depolarisation

25
Q

Depolarization moving _____ the recording (+ve) electrode gives an upward deflection on the ECG, whereas ____ from causes a downward deflection

A

Depolarization moving towards the recording (+ve) electrode gives an upward deflection on the ECG, whereas away from causes a downward deflection

26
Q

what does the T wave represent?

A

ventricular repolarisation

27
Q

why is aVR inverted?

A

because the predominant vector is depolarisation moving away from the electrode

28
Q

why does aVL and lead III have poorly resolved P and T waves?

A

the predominant vector is approximately perpendicular to the lead axis

29
Q

why does lead II have a well resolved P and T wave?

A

the vector is approximately parallel to the lead axis

30
Q

how long should the PR interval be?

A

(0.12- 0.2 seconds

31
Q

what does the PR interval represent?

A

largely AV nodal delay

32
Q

how do you work out the HR if it is irregular?

A

COUNT THE NUMBER OF QRS COMPLEXES IN 30 LARGE SQUARES, AND MULTIPLY BY 10

33
Q

ST elevation in which leads indicates inferior infarct?

A

II,III,aVF

34
Q

ST elevation in which leads indicates Lateral infarct?

A

I, aVL, V5/6

35
Q

ST elevation in which leads indicates anterior infarct?

A

V3 and V4

36
Q

ST elevation in which leads indicates Septal infarct?

A

V1 ans V2

37
Q

which two leads indicate axis?

A

I and avF

38
Q

if leads I and aVF are both positive, axis is…

A

normal

39
Q

if leads I and aVF are both negative, axis is…

A

extreme RAD or extreme LAD

40
Q

if lead I is positive but aVF is negative, axis is…..

A

LAD

41
Q

if Lead I is negative but aVF is positive, axis is…..

A

RAD

42
Q

what are the 5 steps in ECG interpretation

A

Verify patient details: name and date of birth

Check date and time in which the ECG was taken

Check the calibration of the ECG paper

Look at the rhythm strip

Look at individual leads for voltage criteria changes OR any ST or T-wave changes

Cardiovascular ECG (1 decks)

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