Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Veterinary Public Health > Practical Exam > Flashcards

Practical Exam Flashcards

1
Q

During slaughter, an animal presents with a pronounced odour. What disposition would you provide?

A

Carcase and all carcase parts condemned. May be recovered for animal food.

If the odour was only slight it could be retained for further disposition after chilling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An animal presents for slaughter looking like this among a mob of healthy cattle, what disposition would you provide?

A

Condemed - cachexic. Possibly has a chronic condition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

An animal presents for slaughter in a moribund state with subnormal temperature, weak pulse and disturbed senses. What disposition would you provide?

A

Animal Condemned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

An animal presents for slaughter in a state of exhaustion but with no signs of acute disease. What disposition would you provide?

A

Animal should be witheld from slaughter and ante-mortem repeated after adequate rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An animal presents for slaughter with a fever. What disposition would you provide?

A

Animal condemned.

OR withhold the animal until it has recovered provided there is no risk of spread of disease, no undue suffering and recovery is considered likley.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the ante-mortem dispositions?

A
  1. Passed for unconditional slaughter
  2. Restricted sluaghter - passed for slaughter subject to conditions specified by the vet/inspector (a ‘suspect’ animal)
  3. Withheld from slaughter
  4. Passed for emergency slaughter
  5. Condemned - rejected for slaughter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the post-mortem dispositions?

A
  1. Passed for human consumption
  2. Retained for final disposition
  3. Unfit for human consumption and may be recovered for animal food
  4. Unfit for human consumption and may be recovered for pharmaceutical material
  5. Condemned
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What descriptors can be used when assessing post-mortem lesions?

A
  • Number / percentage
  • Distribution
  • Colour
  • Shape
  • Content (granular, caseous, etc)
  • Duration / time (chronic, acute)
  • Location / tissue type
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe this lesion:

Would it need to be condemned?

A

Focal, well-demarcated, yellow caseous mass contained within adipose tissue.

Caseous necrosis of fat.

No need to condemn - just trim.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe these lesions and what disposition you would provide:

A

Multifocal to coalescing, subacute (red), moderate, raised, fibrinous lesion on the pleura - pleurisy.

If diffuse carcase condemned.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe these lesions. What disposition would you apply?

A

Many nephroliths - condemn kidenys and if an evidence of uraemia carcase is condemned.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why must you condemn an animal with evidence of uraemia and what signs can you look for to indicate uraemia?

A

Uraemia = toxaemia

Signs:

  • kidney damage
  • GI ulcers
  • tar tar build up
  • underweight
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe these lesions. What disposition would you apply?

A

Multiple, pale, randomly distributed, 2-5mm, non-raised, chronic (as they are pale non-raised) infarcts - nephritis

Reject the kidneys - check for evidence of uraemia, oedema or abnormal smelling urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe this lesion. What action should be taken?

A

Acute, gangrenous mastitis

Condemn carcase - toxaemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe this lesion and what action should be taken:

A

Multiple small abscesses on one quarter of the udder - chronic mastitis

Trim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How would you describe these lesions?

What are they likely to be caused by?

A

Four to five dark red focal, chronic, hepatised, well-demarcated, depressed foci mainly in the caudal lobes - atelectasis and consolidation

Dictylocaulus Viviparous (lung worm) – pre patent larval stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 2 main species of lung worm found in sheep in Australia?

A

Dictilocaulus filaria and Muellerius capillaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is this? What action should be taken?

A

Taenia hydatidgena cyst

Reject all affected carcase parts

19
Q

Which parasite causes this appearance in the liver of pigs?

What action should be taken for this liver?

A

Ascaris suum

Partial or total condemnation of the liver - depending on extent (purely for aesthetics)

20
Q

What do you see here? What does it indicate and what action should be taken?

A

Cholefibrosis

Indicates liver fluke - condemn liver

21
Q

What might have caused this in a liver?

What action should be taken?

A

Echinococcus granulosa

Condemn any affected organs

22
Q

What is occurring in this kidney?

A

Amyloidosis - associated with severe inflammation

Condemn carcase

23
Q

What test is this?

A

Methylene blue test for milk

  • If viable bacteria are present the milk will become white again
  • Faster change occurs, the more bacteria that are present
24
Q

How can alkaline phosphatase be used to asses milk?

A

Alkaline phosphatase is present in raw milk

  • if present in ‘pasteurised milk, the milk was NOT sufficiently pasteurised
  • OR high number of bacteria in milk
25
Q

What is this and what is it measuring?

A

Micrometer

  • Measures albumin height
  • Used to calculate Haugh Unit - indirect measure of the protein content of the egg
26
Q

What is this? (left: beef liver & right: pork liver)

What parasite is it caused by?

Why is it important to recognise?

What action should be taken?

A

Beef measles (left)

  • Taenia saginata - cysticercus bovis

Pork measles (right)

  • Taenia solium - cysticercus cellulosae

Humans are the definitive hosts of these tapeworm.

Action:

  • General infectation - condemn
  • Light infestation - condemn affected viscera and freeze carcase -12oC for at least 10 days
27
Q

What causes this human disease?

A

Campylobacter jejuni

28
Q

What causes Pale Soft Exudative (PSE) meat?

A

Glycogen is depleted and lactic acid is still present in the muscle at slaughter so rapid pH drop occurs at post mortem metabolism

pH reaches 5.2-5.6 while temp is still >35oC

29
Q

What causes Dark Firm Dry (DFD) meat?

A

Glycogen is depleted but body has sufficient time to clear lactic acid from muscle before slaughter– less lactic acid produced during post mortem metabolism

Meat has a high pH

30
Q

What disease looks like this?

A

Enzootic bovine leukosis

  • Notifiable
  • Total condemn
31
Q

How can you tell if an animal is truly emaciated and where would you look for signs?

A

Serous atrophy of fat

  • Pericarium
  • Around the kidneys
  • Bone marrow
32
Q

This was found in a sheep, what parasite is it likely to be caused by?

How can it be treated on-farm?

What is the definitive host of this parasite?

What action should be taken?

A

Taenia hydatigena

  • Treat sheep with praziquantel or fenbendazole
  • Tapeworm of dogs and wild carnivores
  • Trim and condemn affected parts
33
Q

Note the prominent lacteals in this specimen?

What could cause this?

What action should be taken?

A

Johne’s Disease

Condemn intestines and mesentery

34
Q

What causes blood splashing?

A

Excessive stun to stick interval

35
Q

What is pictured here?

What action should be taken?

A

Pigment in heart muscle - lipofusion

Not a problem but condemn the heart as it isn’t ‘pretty enough’ to eat

36
Q

In a case of pericarditis, what action should be taken?

A

Not always systemic

If chronic - condemn only heart

If acute with signs of spread - condemn carcase

37
Q

This was found in a liver, what is it likely to be caused by?

What action should be taken?

A

Echinococcus granuloma

Condemn the liver

38
Q

These lesions where found in a sheep heart. Which parasite has caused them?

What is the definitive host of this parasite?

How can you treat the host?

A

Taenia ovis / cysticercus ovis

  • dogs are the definitive host
  • treat with praziquantel
39
Q

What action should be taken in an animal with evidence of listeriosis?

A

Condemn carcase

40
Q

What is occuring here?

By what route was infection most likely?

A

Pyelonephritis

Seen in medulla, cortex and pelvis - ascending infection

41
Q

What is occuring here?

By what route was infection most likely?

A

Pyelonephritis

‘embolic shower’ - haematogenous spread

42
Q

What condition is present in this cow’s skull?

What action should be taken?

A

Actinomycosis - Actinomyces bovis

If confined to head - condemn head only

If spread (lungs, etc) - condemn whole animal

43
Q

What is causing this lesion in the tongue?

What action should be taken?

A

Actinobacillus lignieresii

If confined to head - condemn head only

If spread - condemn whole animal

Veterinary Public Health (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions