Practical Exam

Question 1

When do we use the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test?

Answer 1

for sample sizes >-50

Question 2

When do we use the Shapiro-Wilk normality test?

Answer 2

for n<50

Question 3

What does it mean if the significance (p) is less than or equal to 0,05?

Answer 3

reject Ho.
NOT normal distribution

Question 4

What does it mean if the significance (p) is bigger than 0.05?

Answer 4

accept Ho.
Normal distribution :)

Question 5

Which type of analysis do we use for comparing nominal values with nominal values?

Answer 5

Chi-Square

Question 6

Which type of analysis do we use when comparing nominal to ordinal?

Answer 6

Chi-Square

Question 7

Which type of analysis do we use when comparing Ordinal to Ordinal?

Answer 7

Chi-Square

Question 8

Which type of analysis do we use when comparing Ordinal with Quant. Normal?

Answer 8

Spearman

Question 9

Which type of analysis do we use when comparing Ordinal with Quant. Non normal?

Answer 9

Spearman

Question 10

Which type of analysis do we use when comparing Quant. Normal with Quant. Normal?

Answer 10

Pearson

Question 11

Which type of analysis do we use when comparing Quant. Normal with Quant. non normal?

Answer 11

Spearman

Question 12

Which type of analysis do we use when comparing Quant. Non normal with Quant. Non normal?

Answer 12

Spearman

Question 13

How do we do Chi-Square on SPSS?

Answer 13

Analyze - Descriptives - Crosstabs

Question 14

How do we interpret Chi-Square?

Answer 14

the closer value of statistic is to 0, the lower the association

Question 15

can we interpret the direction of the association with Chi-Square?

Answer 15

no

Question 16

what does the null hypothesis in chi-square (x² =0) mean?

Answer 16

that there is no association
-> is it statistically significant (p<0.05)?

Question 17

How do we do a Spearman/Pearson test?

Answer 17

Analyze - Correlate - Bivariate
-> choose Pearson or Spearman

Question 18

How do we interpretate the pearson and spearman test?

Answer 18

positive correlation index (+) indicates direct relationship. (-) indicates inversive relationship

Question 19

How do we interpretate the strength of the association in Pearson/Spearman test?

Answer 19

weak (0,1-0,3)
moderate (0,3-0,5)
strong (>0,5)

Question 20

Based on what do we analyze if we accept or reject the null hypothesis in Spearman/Pearson?

Answer 20

based on the significance level

Question 21

What does the Significance level determines?

Answer 21

the probability that observed correlation is due to chance

Question 22

What indicates a strong and reliable relationship?

Answer 22

low significance level (<0,05) and high coefficient (>0,5)

Question 23

How do we calculate dispersion measures (variance, standard deviation, range, standard error, etc.)?

Answer 23

Analyze - Descriptives - Descriptives

Question 24

How do we interpretate skewness?

Answer 24

comparing value of the statistic with its standard error
double the std. error
when statistic less than twice the error: symmetric
greater than twice the error: asymmetric

Question 25

How can we interpretate kurtosis?

Answer 25

if greater than 0.5: leptokurtic
if between -0.5 and 0.5: mesokurtic
if less than -0.5: platykurtic

Question 26

What do we do if only looking for a selected subject (e.g.: only males, older than 25 years)?

Answer 26

data - select cases - if the condition is satisfied

Question 27

How do we compare two groups separated by the categories of our choice in the same table?

Answer 27

data - split file - compare groups

Question 28

How do we make the results of the analysis appear separated by the categories of a variable of our choice in different sections?

Answer 28

data - split file - organize output by variables