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EPHE 355 > Practical Exam > Flashcards

Practical Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Middle Trapezius

A

O: Spinous Processes of T1-T5
I: Acromion, spine of scapula
A: retraction of scapula
N: Cranial nerve XI, C3, C4

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2
Q

Lower Trapezius

A

O: Spinous processes of T6-T12
I: Root of the spine of the scapula
A: depression, upward retraction of the scapula
N: CN XI, C3, C4

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3
Q

Upper Trapezius

A

O: Occipital protuberance, medial 1/3rd nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae and C7 spinous processes
I: lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion process
A: elevation of shoulders, upward scapular rotation
* Reverse OI: extension, lateral flexion, and contralateral neck rotation
N: CN XI, C3, C4

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4
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

O: Spinous processes of T2-T5
I: Medial border of scapula between root of spine and inferior angle
A: Scapular retraction, downward rotation of scapula
N: Dorsal scapular nerve

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5
Q

Rhomboid Minor

A

O: Spinous processes of C7-T2, inferior portion of ligamentum nuchae
I: Root of the spine of the scapula
A: Scapular retraction, downward rotation of scapula
N: Dorsal scapular nerve

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6
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

O: Ribs 1-9
I: Anterior and medial border of scapula
A: Scapular elevation and downward rotation
*Reverse OI: neck extension (Bilateral), ipsilateral flexion, and rotation of the neck
N: Dorsal Scapular nerve

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7
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

O: Ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
A: Depression, protraction, and downward rotation of the scapula
N: Medial pectoral nerve

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8
Q

Supraspinatus

A

O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus and joint capsule
A: Abducts the glenohumeral joint and stabilizes the head of the humerus in the fossa
N: Suprascapular nerve

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9
Q

Infraspinatus

A

O: Infraspinous fossa
I: middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus and joint capsule
A: External rotation of shoulder, glenohumeral stabilization during movement
N: Suprascapular nerve

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10
Q

Teres Minor

A

O: Superior lateral border of the scapula
I: Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
A: Internal rotation of the GH joint, stabilization of the joint during movement
N: axillary nerve

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11
Q

Subscapularis

A

O: subscapular fossa of the scapula
I: lesser tubercle of the humerus
A: Internal rotation of the GH joint, stabilization of the joint during movement
N: Upper and lower subscapular nerve

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12
Q

Deltoid (Anterior)

A

O: lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
I: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
A: GH flexion, horizontal adduction, internal rotation
N: Axillary nerve

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13
Q

Deltoid (Middle)

A

O: Acromion process
I: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
A: GH abduction (along with anterior and posterior fibres)
N: Axillary nerve

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14
Q

Deltoid (Posterior)

A

O: Posterior border of the scapular spine
I: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
A: GH extension, horizontal abduction, external rotation
N: Axillary nerve

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15
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

O: Medial 1/3rd of clavicle, sternum and costal cartilages of ribs 1-7 (and aponeurosis of external oblique)
I: Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
A: GH horizontal adduction, adduction, extension, flexion, and internal rotation (Horizontal adduction/flexion from an abduction position)
N: Medial and Lateral pectoral nerve

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16
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

O: Spinous processes of T7-L5 (via thoracolumbar fascia), sacral and iliac crests, ribs 8-12, posterior iliac crest, inferior angle of scapula
I: Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus
A: GH adduction, extension, internal rotation
*Reverse OI: pelvic tilting
N: Thoracodorsal nerve

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17
Q

Teres Major

A

O: Inferior angle/lateral border of scapula
I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
A: GH adduction, extension, internal rotation
N: Lower subscapular nerve

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18
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

O:
LONG HEAD: supraglenoid tubercle
SHORT HEAD: Coracoid process
I: radial tuberosity and aponeurosis to deep fascia of common flexor tendon
A: Elbow and GH flexion, forearm supination
N: Musculocutaneous nerve

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19
Q

Brachialis

A

O: Distal 1/2 anterior shaft of humerus
I: ulnar tuberosity of the ulna and coronoid process
A: Elbow flexion
N: Musculocutaneous nerve

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20
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge
I: Lateral aspect of radial styloid process
A: Elbow flexion, assists with pronation/supination
N: Radial nerve

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21
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

O:
LONG HEAD: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
LATERAL HEAD: Proximal 1/3rd of the posterolateral humerus
MEDIAL HEAD: Distal 2/3rds of the posteromedial shaft of the humerus
I: Olecranon process of the ulna
A: Elbow extension; long head also performs GH extension
N: Radial nerve

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22
Q

Pronator Teres

A

O:
HUMERAL HEAD: Medial epicondyle and medial supracondylar ridge, common flexor tendon
ULNAR HEAD: Medial side of coronoid process
I: Middle 1/3rd of lateral radius
A: Pronation of the forearm, assists with elbow flexion
N: Median nerve

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23
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

O: Distal 1/4th of the anterior surface of ulna
I: Distal 1/4th of the anterior surface of radius
A: Pronation of forearm
N: Median nerve

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24
Q

Supinator

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, supinator fossa and crest of ulna
I: Proximal 1/3rd of lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of the radius
A: Supination of forearm
N: Radial nerve

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25
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle
I: Anterior side of bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
A: Wrist flexion and radial deviation
N: Median nerve

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26
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

O:
HUMERAL HEAD: medial epicondyle of humerus
ULNAR HEAD: Olecranon, proximal posterior 2/3rds of ulna
I: Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of the 5th metacarpal
A: Wrist flexion and ulnar deviation
N: Ulnar nerve

27
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Distal 1/2 of flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
A: Wrist flexion, tightens palmar aponeurosis
N: Median nerve

28
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

O: Distal 1/3rd of lateral supracondylar ridge
I: posterior side of the base of 2nd metacarpal bone
A: Wrist extension and radial deviation
N: Radial nerve

29
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Base of 3rd metacarpal
A: Wrist extension and radial deviation
N: Radial nerve

30
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna
I: Base of 5th metacarpal
A: Wrist extension and ulnar deviation
N: Radial nerve

31
Q

Iliacus (of Iliopsoas muscle)

A 
O: Iliac fossa
I: Lesser trochanter of femur (along with psoas major)
A: Hip flexion and external rotation
     *Reverse OI: Anterior pelvic tilt
N: Femoral nerve
32
Q

Psoas Major (of Iliopsoas muscle)

A

O: Anterolateral surface of bodies and transverse processes of T12-L5 (and the intervertebral discs in between)
I: Lesser trochanter of femur (along with iliacus)
A: Hip flexion and external rotation
N: Branches from lumbar plexus

33
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

O: Anterior inferior iliac spine
I: Tibial tuberosity via the quadriceps tendon and patella ligament (common insertion with the vastus muscles)
A: Hip flexion and knee extension
N: Femoral nerve

34
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

A

O: Anterolateral iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
I: 1/3rd of the way down the iliotibial band
A: Hip flexion, abduction, and internal rotation
N: Superior gluteal nerve

35
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

O: Posterior iliac crest posterior to gluteal line, posterolateral sacrum and coccyx, thoracolumbar fascia, and sacrotuberous ligament
I: Gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial band
A: Extends and internally rotates the hip, upper 1/3rd abducts hip, lower 2/3rds adducts hip
N: Inferior gluteal nerve

36
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Proximal part of anteromedial tibia over pes anserine bursa
A: Hip extension, knee flexion, medially rotates leg at knee
N: Sciatic nerve

37
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Posterior aspect of medial tibial condyle
A: Hip extension, knee flexion, medially rotates leg at knee
N: Sciatic nerve

38
Q

Biceps Femoris

A

O:
LONG HEAD: ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament
SHORT HEAD: Linea aspera and upper lateral supracondylar line
I: Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
A: Long Head extends hip; Short and long head flex knee and externally rotate leg at knee
N: Sciatic nerve (tibial and common peroneal nerve)

39
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

O: Ilium inferior to iliac crest, and between posterior and anterior gluteal lines
I: Superolateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
A: Abducts and internally rotates the hip
*Anterior fibers flex hip
*Posterior fibres extend and internally rotate the hip
N: Superior gluteal nerve

40
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

O: Outer surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: Anterolateral border of greater trochanter of femur
A: Abducts and internally rotates the hip
*Anterior fibers flex the hip
*Posterior fibers extend and internally rotate the hip
N: Superior gluteal nerve

41
Q

Pectineus

A

O: Pectineal line of pubis (superior ramus)
I: Inferior to lesser trochanter (pectineal line of femur)
A: Adduction, flexion, weak medial rotation of thigh at hip
*Reverse OI: Anteriorly tilt pelvis
N: Obturator nerve

42
Q

Adductor Brevis

A

O: Pubis ramus
I: Proximal 1/3rd of linea aspera of femur
A: Adduction, flexion of thigh at hip, weak medial rotation
*Reverse OI: Anteriorly tilt pelvis
N: Obturator nerve

43
Q

Adductor Longus

A 
O: Pubic ramus
I: Middle 1/4 of linea aspera of femur
A: Adduction, flexion of thigh at hip, weak medial rotation
     *Reverse OI: Anteriorly tilt pelvis
N: Obturator nerve
44
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

O: 2 Heads (anterior and posterior): Pubic and ischial ramus; ischial tuberosity
I: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, supracondylar line and adductor tubercle of femur
A: Adduction, flexion, weak medial rotation of thigh at hip
*Reverse OI: anteriorly and posteriorly tilt pelvis
*Posterior fibers: Hip extension and posterior pelvic tilt
N: Obturator and sciatic nerve

45
Q

Gracilis

A

O: Anterior body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: Proximal antero-medial surface of tibia over pes anserine bursae
A: Adduction, flexion of hip, and flexion at the knee joint, medial rotator
*Reverse OI: Anteriorly tilt pelvis
N: Obturator nerve

46
Q

Piriformis

A

O: Anterolateral sacrum
I: Superomedial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
A: Hip external rotation
*When hip is in flexion, it horizontally abducts and internally rotates at the hip
N: nerve to piriformis from lumbar plexus

47
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

O: Lateral lip of linea aspera of femur, intertrochanteric line and gluteal tuberosity
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament via quadriceps tendon (common insertion with rectus femoris)
A: Knee extension
N: Femoral nerve

48
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

O: Medial lip of the linea aspera, intertrochanteric line, and supracondylar line of femur
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament via quadriceps tendon (common insertion with rectus femoris)
A: Knee extension
N: Femoral nerve

49
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A

O: Anterior and lateral aspects of femur shaft, and lateral lip of linea aspera
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament via quadriceps tendon (common insertion with rectus femoris)
A: Knee extension
N: Femoral nerve

50
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

O: Lateral tibial condyle, proximal tibia and interosseous membrane
I: Tendon wraps to inferior surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
A: Ankle dorsiflexion, inversion of subtalar joint
N: Deep fibular nerve (branch from common peroneal nerve)

51
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

O: Proximal posterior 2/3rds of tibia and fibula, and interosseous membrane
I: Tendons pass behind medial malleolus and under the arch of the foot –> insert into navicular and all other tarsal bones except talus and bases of metatarsals 2-4
A: Inversion of subtalar joint, assists in ankle plantarflexion (Main inverter in both plantarflexion and dorsiflexion)
N: Tibial nerve

52
Q

Peroneus/Fibularis Longus

A

O: Head and proximal 1/2 of fibula
I: Tendon curves under foot to base of 1st metatarsal and 1st cuneiform (supports arch)
A: Eversion of foot; ankle plantarflexion
N: Superficial peroneal/fibular nerve

53
Q

Peroneus/Fibularis Brevis

A

O: Distal 1/2 of lateral fibula
I: Tendon runs behind lateral malleolus to dorsal surface of base of 5th metatarsal
A: Eversion of foot at subtalar joint; ankle plantarflexion
N: Superficial peroneal/fibular nerve

54
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

O: Posterior aspects of medial and lateral femoral condyles
I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via achilles/calcaneal tendon
A: Plantarflexes foot at ankle, flexes leg at knee
N: Tibial nerve

55
Q

Soleus

A

O: soleal line of tibia and head and proximal 1/3 of fibula
I: Posterior surface of calcaneus vis achilles/calcaneal tendon
A: Plantarflexes foot at ankle
N: Tibial nerve

56
Q

Transverse Abdominis (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral 2/3rds of inguinal ligament, and costal cartilages of ribs 7-12
I: Linea alba of abdominal aponeurosis and pubic crest
A: Compresses abdominopelvic cavity
N: Intercostal nerves (T7-L1)

57
Q

Internal Obliques (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: Thoracolumbar fascia, lateral 2/3rds of inguinal ligament, and iliac crest
I: Ribs 9/10-12 and costal cartilages, linea alba of abdominal aponeurosis, and pubic crest
A: Flexion of the spine, ipsilateral rotation and lateral flexion
N: Intercoastal nerves (T7-L1)

58
Q

External Obliques (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: External and inferior border of ribs 5-12
I: External oblique aponeurosis, extending to linea alba and iliac crest
A: Flexion of the spine, contralateral rotation, and ipsilateral lateral flexion
N: Intercostal nerves (T7-T12)

59
Q

Rectus Abdominis (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: Pubic crest and symphysis
I: Xiphoid process and cartilage of ribs 5-7
A: Flexion and lateral flexion of the trunk
N: Intercostal nerves (T5-T12)

60
Q

Multifidus (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: Posterior sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine, posterior SI ligament, L5-C4 vertebrae
*L-spine: all mamillary processes
*T-spine: all transverse processes
*C-spine: articular processes of C4-C7
I: Spinous processes of vertebrae 2-4 segments superior to the origin
A: Extension, ipsilateral flexion, and contralateral rotation of the spine
N: Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

61
Q

Iliocostalis (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: From ilium to ribs and transverse processes
I: From ilium to ribs and transverse processes
A: Extension, and ipsilateral flexion of the spine
N: Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

62
Q

Longissimus (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: From sacrum and transverse processes to mastoid processes
I: From sacrum and transverse processes to mastoid processes
A: Extension, and ipsilateral flexion of the spine
N: Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

63
Q

Spinalis (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: From spinous processes to spinous processes
I: From spinous processes to spinous processes
A: Extension, and ipsilateral flexion of the spine
N: Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

64
Q

Quadratus Lumborum (NOT ON EXAM)

A

O: Posteromedial iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament
I: Medial 1/2 of the inferior border of the 12th rib, and transverse processes of L1-L4
A: Ipsilateral evaluation of the pelvis, ipsilateral lateral flexion of lumbar spine; fixes ribs 11-12 during forced exhalation; assists in extension of spine
N: Lumbar plexus (T12-L3)

EPHE 355 (1 decks)

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