Practical Flashcards
senory exam lateral aspect of upper arms
C5
sensory exam medial aspect of lwer arms
T1
sensory exam tip of thumb
C6
Sensory exam tip of middle finger
C7
sensory exam tip of pinky
C8
patient reports pain on tip of middle finger
lateral spinal thalamic tract. may indicate nerve root compression or peripheal nerve lesions
patient reports loss of light touch sensation on medial aspect of lower arms
anterior spinal thalamic tract, T1. may indicate nerve root compression of T1 or peripheal nerve lesion
Loss of vibration in upper extremities indicates
dorsal column lesion to cuneatus
Supraspinatus muscle test tests for:
C5, suprascapular nerve
deltoid muscle test tests for:
C5, axillary nerve
biceps muscle exam tests for:
musculocutaneous, C5
brachioradialis muscle exam tests for:
Radial, C5
Wrist extensor muscle exam tests for:
C6, radial
Triceps muscle exam tests for:
radial nerve, C7
Wrist flexion muscle exam tests for:
C7, median/ulnar
finger extension muscle exam tests for:
C7, Radial nerve
Finger flexion muscle exam tests for:
C8, median/ulnar
Finger abduction/adduction exam tests for:
Ulnar, T1
Muscle Stretch Reflex for C5
Biceps, musculocutaneous nerve
muscle stretch reflex for C6:
Brachioradialis, Radial nerve
muscle stretch reflex for C7
triceps, radial nerve
muscle stretch reflex for C8
finger flexion, median/ulnar nerve
The superficial gag reflex tests for
CN 9 and 10
Superficial coneal blink reflex tests for
CN 5 and 7
the superficial reflex test for T5-T7 is:
Epigastric Reflex, looking for contraction of upper ab muscles, move umbilicus upward, if lesion its a peripheal nerve of t5-t7
superficial reflex for T7-T9:
upper abdominal reflex. looking for contraction of upper abs, move umbilicus up and out
superficial reflex for T9-T11
middle abdominal reflex, looking for contraction of middle abs to move umbilicus laterally
superficial reflex for T11-T12
lower abdominal reflex. looking for lower abs to move down and out
superficial reflex for L4-S2
Plantar reflex: stroke plantar foot from heel to metatarsals to big toe, looking for plantar flexion of toes and foot. lesion would present as dosiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes
pathological reflexes:
Hoffman Sign
segmental (lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract), sharp forcible flick of thumb against patient’s middle finger. lesion presents as flexion of fingers and adduction of thumb
tromner’s sign
lesion above C5 corticospinal tract
tap the surface of middle finger. lesion presents as flexion of fingers and adduction of thumb
rossolimo sign
foot: tap the balll of foot or tap the tips of toes. lesion presents as plantar flexion of toes
corticospinal tract
babinki’s sign
corticospinal tract. stroke plantar foot from heel to metatarsals to big toe. normal: plantar flexion of toes and foot. abnormal: dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of other toes. UMNL
chaddock sign
stroke from lateral malleolus on heel to toe
normal: no motion, abnormal: dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of other toes. UMNL corticospinal tract
oppenheim sign
stroke anterior tibial surface from superior to inferior.
normal: no motion of toes and foot
abnormal: dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of other toes.
UMNL, corticospinal tract
gordon sign
squeeze calf. normal: no motion of the toes and foot, abnormal: dosiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes
corticospinal tract, UMNL
Schaefer Sign
Squeeze achilles, normal: no motion of toes and foot. abnormal: dorsiflexion of great toes and flaring of other toes. UMNL, corticospinal tract
Pupillary Light Reflex
afferent: CN II, efferent: CNIII
Accomodation
CN III
convergence, constriction, lens thickening
Ciliospinal reflex
testing cervicals sympathetics and CN V, painful stimulus to side of neck, pinching the skin, dilation of the pupil on the painful side
hypoactive stretch reflexes indicate:
cerebellum lesion UMNL
Sensory Exam posterior aspect of shoulder
C4
alternating pinprick and light touch on both arms
