Practical 2 Layers

Question 1

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) Respiratory disease layer?

Answer 1

Herpesviridae, Alphaherpesvirinae, Iltovirus,
Gallid herpesvirus type 1 (GaHV‐1)
• Pathogenesis
– in the flock – aerogenic, droplets (respiratory tract,
conjunctiva)
• Clinical signs
– upper respiratory tract symptoms (open beak, noisy
breathing)
• Pathology
– rhinitis, laryngotracheitis

Question 2

Infectious Coryza

Answer 2

Infectious coryza
– Avibacterium (Haemophilus)
paragallinarum
• Pathogenesis
» In the flock – inhalation
• Clinical signs
– conjunctivitis (first sympt.)
– nasal discharge
• Pathology
– conjunctivitis, sinusitis

Question 3

Inflammatory-necrotic foci in the liver of layers

Answer 3

– Septicemia
(campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, fowl cholera)
– Tuberculosis
– Coligranulomatosis

Question 4

Tuberculosis

Answer 4

Mainly in backyard flocks
– Pathogen
– Mycobacterium avium subspecies avium
– Pathogenesis
– Infection (per os)
– Primary lesions in the intestines (no lymph nodes, no primary
complex)
– Generalization
– There are also foci in the bone marrow
– Clinical signs
– Emaciation (cachexia), anaemia
– (symptoms according to lesions in different organs)
– Pathology
• foci of different sizes, there is no secondary calcification in
birds, the pathogen is Ziehl-Neelsen positive

Question 5

Collibacillosis

Answer 5

– Escherichia coli
• Forms
– Omphalitis
– Septicaemia
– Swollen head syndrome
– Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRD)

Question 6

Collibacillosis 2

Answer 6

Coligranulomatosis
– pathogenesis
– pathology
» foci of similar sizes
» not in the bone marrow

Question 7

Tumours?

Answer 7

Tumours

Mesothelioma

Leukosis

Question 8

Fatty infiltration of liver?

Answer 8

Fatty infiltration of the liver
– Physiological during egg building
– Yolk production
– Yolk transport to the follicle

Question 9

Fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrom

Answer 9

Appearance
– Layers, (broiler)
• Causes
» Lack of lipotropic factors
» High‐energy diets
» Restricted exercise
» Most common during
hot weather
• Clinical signs, pathology – consequences
» Higher concentrations of estradiol in the plasma
» Fragile, degenerated liver
» Rupture of the liver – bleeding to the body cavity

Question 10

Anaemia

Answer 10

Diseases with anaemia
– Anaemia can develop in layer flocks
• It has a negative effect on production parameters
– Feed containing mycotoxins
(bone marrow damage)
– Ectoparasitic infection (blood loss)
– Bleeding (blood loss)

Question 11

Ectoparasites?

Answer 11

argas pesicus

Question 12

Lime leg illness?

Answer 12

Knemidocoptes
mutans
• “scaly-leg” mite

Question 13

Cannibalism?

Answer 13

Observation :

Overcrowding , malnutrition inappropriate nests

– Pathomechanism
– picking on each others cloaca after laying the egg
– blood loss – bleed out