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BIOLOGY 102 PRACTICAL > PRACTICAL 2 > Flashcards

PRACTICAL 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Spicules

A

Body support in sponges (porifera)

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2
Q

Mesoglea

A

Body support in jellyfish (cnidaria)

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3
Q

Nematocyst

A

Defensive stinging cells

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4
Q

Incomplete Digestive System

A

Digestive cavity with one opening

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5
Q

Collar Cell (Choanocyte)

A

Specialized flagellated cells; filter feeding (Sponges)

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6
Q

Spongocoel

A

Internal cavity of sponges

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7
Q

5 Traits Common to all Animals???

A
  1. Multicellular
  2. Heterotrophic
  3. Eukaryotic
  4. Aerobic Respiration
  5. Embryonic Development
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8
Q

What are the 2 classes of sponges covered in class? How do the body support differ for each?

A
  1. Class Calcareous - spicules

2. Class Demospongiae - mesohyl

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9
Q

What are the 3 classes of jellyfish covered in class?

A
  1. Class Anthozoa
  2. Class Scyhozoa
  3. Class Hydrozoa
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10
Q

Class Anthozoa tends to be what generation?

A

Polyp Dominant

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11
Q

Class Scyhozoa tends to be what generation?

A

Medusa Dominant

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12
Q

Class hydrozoa tends to be what generation?

A

Both Polyp and Medusa Dominant; colonial polyps

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of symmetry an animal might exhibit?

A
  1. Asymmetrical
  2. Radial
  3. Bilateral
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14
Q

What phyla exhibit asymmetry?

A
  1. Porifera
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15
Q

What phyla exhibit radial symmetry?

A
  1. Cnidaria

2. Echinodermata

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16
Q

What phyla exhibit bilateral symmetry?

A
  1. Platyhelminthes
  2. Nematoda
  3. Mollusca
  4. Annelida
  5. Arthropoda
  6. Chordata
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17
Q

What are the 3 types of level of organization?

A
  1. Cellular
  2. Tissue
  3. Organ System
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18
Q

What phyla exhibit cellular level of organization?

A
  1. Porifera
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19
Q

What phyla exhibit tissue level of organization?

A
  1. Cnidaria
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20
Q

What phyla exhibit organ system level of organization?

A
  1. Platyhelminthes
  2. Nematoda
  3. Mollusca
  4. Annelida
  5. Arthropoda
  6. Echinodermata
  7. Chordata
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21
Q

How does the level of organization differ between a sponge and jelly fish?

A

Sponge - cellular

Jellyfish - tissue

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22
Q

Amoebocytes

A

ameboid cells responsible for transport and repair of nutrients

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23
Q

Spongocoel

A

internal cavity of sponge

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24
Q

Mesohyl

A

a type of body support for sponge; connective material

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25
Q

Endoderm

A

lining of gut in embryo of cnidarian

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26
Q

Gastrodermis

A

specialized tissue; “stomach skin”

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27
Q

Mesoglea

A

body support for jellyfish

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28
Q

Cnidoblasts

A

specialized secretion cell for cnidarians

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29
Q

How do sponges reproduce?

A

sequential hermaphroditism - alternate between being male and female

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30
Q

How do cnidarians reproduce?

A

Sexual or asexually (budding)

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31
Q

What phase of a jellyfish is pelagic?

A

Medusa

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32
Q

What phase of a jellyfish is sessile?

A

Polyp

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33
Q

The medusa phase of a jellyfish is what?

A

pelagic

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34
Q

The polyp phase of a jellyfish is what?

A

sessile

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35
Q

Define incomplete digestive system

A

Having only one opening for both ingestion and egestion

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36
Q

What type of symmetry do sponges possess?

A

Asymmetrical

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37
Q

What level of organization do jellyfish exhibit?

A

Tissue

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38
Q

What are spicules and to what class are they seen?

A

Body support for sponges; Class Calcareous

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39
Q

What is a nematocyst?

A

Defensive stinging cells (jellyfish)

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40
Q

What is a function of sponge amoebocyte cells?

A

Resposible for transport of nutrients and repair

41
Q

Triploblastic

A

(3) total germ layers - epidermis, endodermis, mesoderm

42
Q

Cephalization

A

Sensory organs in centralized head region

43
Q

Hermaphrodite

A

both male and female reproductive system

44
Q

Complete Digestive System

A

having (2) openings for ingestion and egestion - anus and mouth

45
Q

Closed Circulatory System

A

blood closed within vessels at all times

46
Q

Protonephridia

A

tubes that college nitrogenous wastes

47
Q

Auricles

A

organs of tactile reception and chemoreception

48
Q

Setae

A

bristles (made of chitin)

49
Q

Parapodia

A

Fleshy appendages (movement); contain lots of blood vessels (respiration & gas exchange)

50
Q

Pen

A

Reduced Mantle

51
Q

Scolex

A

anterior end of body; has rostellum with hooks and suckers

52
Q

What phylum is flatworms?

A

Platyhelminthes

53
Q

What phylum is mollusks?

A

Mollusca

54
Q

What phylum are segmented worms?

A

Annelida

55
Q

What are the 3 classes for flatworms?

A

Phylum Platyhelminutes

  1. Class Turbellaria (Planaria)
  2. Class Trematoda (Flukes)
  3. Class Cestoda (Tapeworms)
56
Q

What are the 3 classes for mollusks?

A

Phylum Mollusca

  1. Class Bivalvia (clams)
  2. Class Cephalopoda (squid)
  3. Class Gastropoda (snail)
57
Q

What are the 2 classes for segmented worms?

A

Phylum Annelida

  1. Class Polychaeta (bristle worms)
  2. Class Clitellata
58
Q

What are the 2 SUBclasses for class clitellata?

A

Phylum Annelida

  1. Subclass Hirudinea (leeches)
  2. Subclass Oligchaeta (earthworms)
59
Q

What phylum is a roundworm?

A

Phylum Nematoda

60
Q

What phylum does the roundworm ascaris belong to?

A

Nematoda

61
Q

Describe the Ascaris worm body cavity.

A

Pseduoceolomate and Dioescious

62
Q

How might you differentiante between a male and female Ascaris roundworm?

A

Male = small, female = larger; posterior end curls to form a hook in males; females have straight posterior

63
Q

In ____ the blastopore develops into the mouth.

A

protostomes

64
Q

In ___ the blastopore develops into the anus.

A

deuterostomes

65
Q

4 Characteristics Traits that explain success of Arthropods

A
  1. Jointed Appendages
  2. Exoskeleton
  3. Antennae
  4. Advances in Respiratory Structures
66
Q

What are the 4 subphylum of arthropods?

A
  1. Subphylum Crustacea
  2. Subphylum Hexapod
  3. Subphylum Chelicerata
  4. Subphylum Myriapoda
67
Q

What is the class for subphylum crustacea?

A

Class Malacostraca

68
Q

What is the class for subphylum hexapoda?

A

Class Insecta

69
Q

what are the 2 classes for subphylum chelicerata?

A
  1. Class Merostomata

2. Class Arachnida

70
Q

What are the 2 classes for subphylum myriapoda?

A
  1. Class Chilopoda

2. Class Diplopoda

71
Q

Arthropods exhibit segmentation. List 3 potential body segments?

A
  1. Head
  2. Thorax
  3. Abdomen
72
Q

List 4 characteristics common to ALL chordates

A
  1. Notocord
  2. Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord
  3. Pharyngeal Gill Slit
  4. Post Anal Tail
73
Q

List the 7 vertebrate classes?

A
  1. Agnatha
  2. Chondrichthyes
  3. Osteichthyes
  4. Amphibia
  5. Reptilia
  6. Mammalia
  7. Aves
74
Q

What is an example of the vertebrate class agnatha?

A

jawless fish - lamprey

75
Q

What is an example of the vertebrate class chondrichthyes?

A

cartilagionous fish - sharks

76
Q

What is an example of the vertebrate class osteichthyes?

A

bony fish - ray-finned fishes

77
Q

What is an example of the vertebrate class amphibia?

A

frogs

78
Q

What is an example of the vertebrate class reptilia?

A

Lizads; turtles

79
Q

What is an example of the vertebrate class mammalia?

A

humans

80
Q

What is an example of the vertebrate class aves?

A

birds

81
Q

What are the 3 classes of phylum mollusca?

A
  1. Bivalvia (clams)
  2. Gastropoda (snails)
  3. Cephalopoda (squid)
82
Q

What does bivalvia mean?

A

“2-shell”

83
Q

What does gastropoda mean?

A

“stomach foot”

84
Q

What does cephalopoda mean?

A

“head foot”

85
Q

What does echinoderm mean?

A

“spiny skinned”

86
Q

What part of an echinoderm serves as a function for feeding, movement, and defense?

A

water vascular system

87
Q

Starfish belong to what phylum and class?

A

Phylum Echinodermata

Class Asteroidea

88
Q

How would you describe the echinoderm larvae?

A

bilateral

89
Q

How would you describe the adult echinoderm symmtry?

A

radial

90
Q

What phylum are protostomes?

A
  1. Mollusca
  2. Annelida
  3. Arthropods
91
Q

What phylum are deuterostomes?

A
  1. Echinoderms

2. Chordates

92
Q

What is the 1 class in the subphylum vertabrata? give an example and unique trait?

A
  1. Class Agnatha, Lamprey, Jawless Fish
93
Q

What is the 2 class in the subphylum vertabrata? give an example and unique trait?

A
  1. Class Chondrichthyes - Sharks - Cartilagenous Fish
94
Q

What is the 3 class in the subphylum vertabrata? give an example and unique trait?

A
  1. Osteichthyes - Ray-finned Fish - Bony Fish
95
Q

What is the 4 class in the subphylum vertabrata? give an example and unique trait?

A
  1. Amphibia - Frogs - Gills during development
96
Q

What is the 5 class in the subphylum vertabrata? give an example and unique trait?

A
  1. Reptilia - Turtles - Amniotic Egg
97
Q

What is the 6 class in the subphylum vertabrata? give an example and unique trait?

A
  1. Aves - Birds - Feathers for Flight
98
Q

What is the 7 class in the subphylum vertabrata? give an example and unique trait?

A
  1. Mammalia - Eutherian (placental mammals) - 4-chambered heart

BIOLOGY 102 PRACTICAL (1 decks)

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