Practical 1 - Uses of Plants Flashcards
What plant is a bioindicator of air pollution?
Lichens
Where is energy stored in a seed?
Endosperm
How is energy stored (what form)?
Lipids, proteins and carbohydrates
How do you test for proteins? What’s the colour change?
Bradford’s reagent.
Brown -> dark blue/purple
How do you test for starch? What’s the colour change?
Potassium iodide. Brown -> blue black
What is the most abundant pigment in plants?
Chlorophyll (chlorophyll a)
What pigments travel further up the chromatography paper?
Carotenoid and xanthophyll
What is an autotroph?
Organism that makes its own food
What is the site of photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
Where are chloroplasts mainly found?
In the mesophyll
How does gas exchange occur in leaves?
Via the stomata
What is the function of the Calvin cycle?
To form sugar from CO2, using ATP as an energy source and NADPH as reducing power
What is a photosystem?
Protein unit (consisting of the reaction-center complex surrounded by the light-harvesting complex) where photosynthesis occurs
What are the 3 components of the ovule?
Integument (surrounding)
Megasporangium
Megaspore
What is meant by heterospory?
The microspore gives rise to the male gametophyte.
The megaspore gives rise to the female gametophyte.
How is sperm transferred to ovules?
Pollen attaches to the stigma, a pollen tube grows down into the style to reach the ovary, where 2 sperm cells are released.
What is a gymnosperm?
Any vascular plant that reproduces by means of an exposed seed, or ovule
Give an example of a gymnosperm
Conifers
What is an angiosperm?
A flowering plant
What are some reproductive adaptations of angiosperms?
Bright coloured petals and sweet nectar to attract insect pollinators.
Ovaries ripen into fruits which carry seeds. (Seeds can be spread by other animals)
What are the male and female parts of an angiosperm?
Stamen (male, produces pollen)
Carpel (female, produces ovules)
