Practical 1 special tests

Question 1

Lachman’s Test

Answer 1

flex knee to 30 degrees. Place one hand on thigh and with the other try and pull the tibia up. Checks ACL

Question 2

Posterior Drawer (knee)

Answer 2

Flex to 90 degrees and sit on foot. Push tibia backward.

Question 3

Varus Test (knee)

Answer 3

Place hand on lateral side of knee and move tibia more medially with the other hand (assesses LCL)

Question 4

heel tap

Answer 4

smack bottom of heel- will cause pain in appendicitis

Question 5

Inversion stress test

Answer 5

Adduct/invert the foot

Question 6

Valgus test (knee)

Answer 6

Place hand on medial side of knee and move tibia more laterally to assess MCL

Question 7

Squeeze test (ankle)

Answer 7

Sqeeze just below the knee to compress the tibia and fibula together to separate them near the ankle- positive test = pain

Question 8

Faber Test/ Patrick Faber Test

Answer 8

Flex leg, abduct and externally rotate the thigh (figure four) hold opposite ASIS and push down on the knee. Tells you the origin of the pain (hip or SI joint)

Question 9

Lloyd’s sign

Answer 9

place hand where kidney is and whack it with your fist ( start high and move low) - check for pain

Question 10

Murphys sign

Answer 10

press hand under costal margin and have patient take a deep breath- Positive test = abrupt termination of inhalation

Question 11

Psoas Sign

Answer 11

1.) have the patient lay on left side - extend the right thigh back towards you to put pressure on the appendix OR 2.) push on thigh and ask them to do a straigh leg raise

Question 12

Patellar Aprprehension Test

Answer 12

Translate the patella - positive test = fear or apprehension without movement

Question 13

Cutaneous hypersthesia

Answer 13

gently grab and pinch the skin around areas of gallbladder and appendix- increased sensitivity to skin

Question 14

Anterior Drawer (knee)

Answer 14

Flex to 90 degress and sit on foot. Pull tibia forward. Tests for ACL

Question 15

Squeeze test (Foot)

Answer 15

Sqeeze metatarsals togeter by pinching between them (thumb on sole of foot fingers on top of foot) - Positive test = clicking/pain

Question 16

Rosvigs sign

Answer 16

Deeply palpate the LLQ - causes pain in RLQ

Question 17

Rebound tenderness

Answer 17

Press abdomen slowly and then release - causes pain

Question 18

Apley Grind Test

Answer 18

While probe flex knee to 90 degrees and axially load and internally and externally rotate (salt and peper gringer)

Question 19

McBurneys point

Answer 19

RLQ tenderness- 1/3 from right ASIS to umbilicus

Question 20

Obturator Sign

Answer 20

Flex and internally rotate the hip by pulling ankle towrds you to cause appendix pain

Question 21

Straight leg test

Answer 21

flex thigh while keeping leg extended (straigt) - Tests for herniated disc: Positive test is pain that radiates BELOW the knee

Question 22

Ober’s Test

Answer 22

Flex the knee, abduct and extend the thigh and then let leg fall. Positive test- leg stays up (tight IT band)

Question 23

Anterior Drawe test (ankle)

Answer 23

staiblize the tibia and fibula and then cup the heel with your other hand and translate foot forward

Question 24

Thompson’s Test

Answer 24

squeeze the calf and observe for plantar flexion in the foot (test for achilles tendon rupture) Positive test = no plantar flexion