Practical 1 Flashcards
CN 1 exams
external nose, scents, internal nose
CN 2 exams
external eyes, Snellen chart, peripheral vision, pupillary light reflex, internal eyes
CN 3, 4 and 6 exams
external eyes, corneal light reflex, pupillary light reflex, cardinal fields of gaze, accommodations
CN 5 exams
facial muscles, corneal blink, sensory of face, jaw jerk
CN 7 exams
facial musculature, taste
CN 8 exams
external ears, weber, rinne, internal ears, barre-lieou, caloric irrigation, swivel chair
CN 9 and 10 exams
say ahh, phonation, taste
CN 11 exams
shoulder elevation, muscle strength of SCM and traps
CN 12 exams
stick out tongue, tongue in cheek
NR and peripheral nerve of supraspinatus
C4, suprascapular
NR and peripheral nerve of deltoid
C5, axillary
NR and peripheral nerve of biceps
C6, musculocutaneous
NR and peripheral nerve of brachioradialis
C6, radial
NR and peripheral nerve of wrist extension
C6, radial
NR and peripheral nerve of triceps
C7, radial
NR and peripheral nerve of wrist flexion
C7, median and ulnar
NR and peripheral nerve of finger extension
C7, radial
NR and peripheral nerve of finger flexion
C8, median and ulnar
NR and peripheral nerve of finger abduction
T1, ulnar
NR and peripheral nerve of finger adduction
T1, ulnar
NR of hip flexion
L1-L4
NR of hip extension
L5-S2
NR of hip abduction
L4-S1
NR of hip adduction
L2-L4
NR of knee flexion
L5-S2
NR of knee extension
L2-L4
NR of plantar flexion
S1
NR of dorsiflexion
L5
NR of ankle inversion
L5-S1
NR of ankle eversion
L4-S1
NR of toe extension
L4-S1
NR of toe flexion
L5-S2
NR of patellar reflex
L2-L4
peripheral nerve of patellar reflex
femoral
NR of achilles reflex
L5-S2
peripheral nerve of achilles reflex
tibial
NR of adductor reflex
L2-L4
peripheral nerve of adductor reflex
obturator
NR of internal hamstring reflex
L4-S2
peripheral nerve of internal hamstring reflex
tibial
NR of external hamstring reflex
L5-S3
peripheral nerve of external hamstring reflex
common peroneal
perform Adam’s position
pt bends forward; look for scoliosis
positive sign of Adam’s position
rib humping
2 other tests for Adam’s position
Amoss- see if it hurts
rib motion
perform Amoss sign
sit up from laying down
positive sign for Amoss
pain in thoracics or thoracolumbar
2 other tests for Amoss
rib motion
chest expansion
perform Beevor’s sign
pt supine
half crunch
lift legs
positive sign for Beevor’s
umbilicus moves
2 other tests for Beevor’s
bilateral leg lowering test
T7-T12 sensory
perform chest expansion test
measure rib cage at T4
positive sign for chest expansion
less than 1 inch
2 other tests for chest expansion
rib motion
Amoss- pain in thoracics
perform Forestier Bowstring
bend to each side
positive sign for Forestier Bowstring
pain on concave side
2 other tests for Forestier Bowstring
Schepelmann’s
Amoss
perform rib motion test
hands on rib cage
positive sign for rib motion
ribs don’t rise or decline
2 other tests for rib motion
chest expansion
Adam’s position- see if they have scoliosis
perform Schepelmann’s sign
put arms above head; bend to each side
positive sign of Schepelmann’s
pain on concave or convex side
2 other tests for Schepelmann’s
rib motion
Forestier Bowstring
what is chest expansion testing for
rib subluxation
what is Forestier Bowstring testing for
AS
what is rib motion testing for
doesn’t elevate: depressed
doesn’t decline: elevated
what is Schepelmann’s testing for
concave: intercostal neuralgia
convex: myofascitis
perform antalgia sign
pt is leading depending on pain
positive sign for antalgia
leaning away, towards, or flexing forward
what is antaglia testing for
away: posterolateral HNP
towards: posteromedial HNP
forward: central HNP
2 other tests for antalgia
Bechterew’s
Cox
perform straight leg raiser
lift leg straight up
positive sign for SLR
pain depending on angle
what is SLR testing for
<30: SOL
30-45: sciatica
>60: lumbosacral
2 other tests for SLR
well leg raiser
Braggard’s
perform Bechterew’s
pt seated; raise one leg; resist downward pressure; then both legs
positive sign for Bechterew’s
pain in lumbars that radiates
what is Bechterew’s testing for
lumbar disc
2 other tests for Bechterew’s
well leg raiser
Cox
perform slump test
shoulders hunched; cervicals flexed; lift one leg; dorsiflex
positive sign for slump
radiating pain
what is slump testing for
lesion in dermatome
2 other tests for slump
straight leg raiser
Cox: disc?
perform Braggard’s sign
SLR, slightly lower; dorsiflex foot
positive sign for Braggard’s
increased pain
what is Braggard’s testing for
sciatica
2 other tests for Braggard’s
Straight leg raiser
Fajersztajn’s
perform well leg raiser
raise asymptomatic leg
positive sign for well leg raiser
pain on opposite side
what is well leg raiser testing for
medial disc
2 other tests for well leg raiser
Bechterew’s
Cox
perform Fajersztajn’s test
well leg raiser, slightly lower; dorsiflex foot
positive sign for Fajersztajn’s
pain on opposite side
what is Fajersztajn’s testing for
sciatica
2 other tests for Fajersztajn’s
Braggard’s
Straight leg raiser
perform Cox sign
raise leg straight up
positive of Cox
pelvis raises
what is Cox testing for
HNP
2 other tests for Cox
Bechterew’s
bilateral leg lowering
perform Ely’s test
bring leg to opposite butt
positive sign for Ely’s
pain in anterior thigh
what is Ely’s testing for
femoral nerve irritation
2 other tests for Ely’s
Nachla’s
femoral nerve traction test
perform femoral nerve traction test
abduct leg; bend knee; extend leg
positive sign for femoral nerve traction test
radiating pain in anterior thigh
what is femoral nerve traction test testing for
femoral nerve irritation
perform femoral nerve traction test
stabilize hip; abduct leg; bend knee; extend leg
perform heel/toe walk test
walk on toes
walk on heels
positive sign for heel/toe walk
toe walk: heels drop
heel walk: toes drop
what is heel/toe walk testing for
Toe walk: weak S1
Heel walk: weak L5
2 other tests for heel/toe walk
sensory
achilles deep tendon reflex
perform Kemp’s test
flex pt; rotate pt; extend pt’s low back
positive sign for Kemp’s
pain on flexion
pain on extension
what is Kemp’s testing for
flexion: disc
extension: facets
2 other tests for Kemp’s
Bechterew’s
Cox
perform Kernig’s
flex knee and hip; straighten leg
positive sign for Kernig’s
opposite knee buckles
what is Kernig’s testing for
meningitis
2 other tests for Kernig’s
Lasegue- for pain
Lewin-Gaenslen- same motion
perform Lasegue
flex knee and hip; extend leg
positive sign for Lasegue
pain limits motion
what is Lasegue testing for
sciatica
2 other tests for Lasegue
Braggard’s
Fajersztajn’s
perform Lindner’s
pt seated; passively flex chin to chest
positive sign for Lindner’s
pain
what is Lindner’s testing for
sciatica
2 other tests for Lindner’s
Braggard’s
Lasegue
perform Milgram’s test
pt lifts both legs up 6” and holds
positive sign for Milgram’s
can’t hold up legs or can’t lift legs
what is Milgram’s testing for
SOL
2 other tests for Milgram’s
straight leg raiser- angle
bilateral leg lowering test
perform Minor’s sign
pain sits up from lying down
positive sign for Minor’s
LBP
what is Minor’s testing for
SI
2 other tests for Minor’s
Nachla’s
belt test
perform Nachla’s test
push foot to ipsilateral butt
positive sign for Nachla’s
pain
what is Nachla’s testing for
SI
2 other tests for Nachla’s
belt test
Hibb’s
perform Quick test
squat; bounce 3 times
positive sign for Quick
pain
what is Quick testing for
pain in appropriate area
2 other tests for Quick
Ely’s- pain in thighs
Nachla’s- pain in SI
perform bilateral leg lowering test
raise both legs up; slowly lower to 45 and hold; slowly lower to 6” above table and hold
positive sign of bilateral leg lowering test
pain or legs drop
what is bilateral leg lowering testing for
pain- lumbopelvic area
legs drop- weak abs
2 other tests for bilateral leg lowering test
Milgram’s
straight leg raiser- angle >60
perform anterior innominate test
pt has scissored stance; lean forward
positive sign for anterior innominate
back heel lifts up
what is anterior innominate testing for
SI
2 other tests for anterior innominate
belt test
Erichsen’s
perform belt test
pt bends forward; hold pelvis and stabilize with hip; pt bends forward again
positive sign for belt test
pain is relieved
what is belt test testing for
SI
2 other tests for belt test
anterior innominate
Erichsen’s
perform Erichsen’s test
push on SIs
positive sign for Erichsen’s
pain
what is Erichsen’s testing for
SI
2 other tests for Erichsen’s
iliac compression
belt test
perform Gaenslen’s test
flex hip and knee; push towards head; push on other thigh to prevent from lifting up
positive sign for Gaenslen’s
pain with hyperextension
what is Gaenslen’s testing for
SI
2 other tests for Gaenslen’s
belt test
Yeoman’s
perform Goldthwait’s sign
feel for L5/S1 SPs; raise straight leg
positive sign for Goldthwait’s
pain
what is Goldthwait’s testing for
pain before SPs separate- SI
pain as SPs separate- spinal lesion
pain at same leg angle- lumbosacral lesion
unaffected leg is higher- SI
2 other tests for Goldthwait’s
Gaenslen’s
Lewin-Gaenslen
perform Hibb’s test
flex knee to butt; laterally drop
positive sign with Hibb’s
pelvic pain
what is Hibb’s testing for
SI
2 other tests for Hibb’s
Nachla’s
Yeoman’s
perform iliac compression test
pt on side; push on ilium
positive sign for iliac compression
pain
what is iliac compression testing for
SI
2 other tests for iliac compression
anterior innominate
belt test
perform Lewin-Gaenslen test
pt on side; abduct leg; flex knee; slightly extend; bring bottom knee to chest
positive sign for Lewin-Gaenslen
pain
what is Lewin-Gaenslen testing for
SI
2 other tests for Lewin-Gaenslen
Erichsen’s
Gaenslen’s
perform Yeoman’s test
pt prone; flex knee; stabilize sacrum; lift leg under knee
positive sign for Yeoman’s
pain
what is Yeoman’s testing for
SI
2 other tests for Yeoman’s
Gaenslen’s
Hibb’s
